scholarly journals A Low-Cost Neutral Aqueous Redox Flow Battery with Dendrite-Free Tin Anode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Zhongjie Wang ◽  
Shirui Zhang ◽  
Ming Cheng ◽  
fuyu chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Flow Cell ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Cycling Performances

Abstract A neutral aqueous tin-based flow battery is proposed by employing Sn2+/Sn as active materials for the negative side, [Fe(CN)6]3-/ Fe(CN)6]4- as active materials for the positive side, and potassium chloride as the supporting electrolyte, and its overall performances and cost for capacity unit are investigated. Cyclic voltammetry is performed and shows that the Sn2+/Sn has outstanding electrochemical behavior. The charging-discharging tests are conducted with the optimized electrolyte composition of 0.2 M [Fe(CN)6]3- and 3 M KCl. It is shown that the flow cell can reach a high energy efficiency of 80% at 10 mA cm-2 and be stably operated at 40 mA cm-2. The 120-cycling test shows that the flow cell can be of superior cycling performances, benefitting from the dendrite-free property of tin. Finally, cost analysis further confirms its competitiveness in price, offering a promising future for commercial application. This work not only forms a promising energy storage device with dendrite-free and low-cost benefits, but also provide a deep insight into its overall behavior, which is highly beneficial to the full understanding and further advancement of the proposed neutral tin-iron flow battery.

scholarly journals Viologen-Decorated TEMPO for Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shuzhi Hu ◽  
Liwen Wang ◽  
Xianzhi Yuan ◽  
Zhipeng Xiang ◽  
Mingbao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Crystal Structure Analysis ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A novel electroactive organic molecule, viz., 1-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-1′-(3-(trimethylammonio)propyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium trichloride ((TPABPy)Cl3), is synthesized by decorating 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) with viologen, which is used as the positive electrolyte in neutral aqueous redox flow battery (ARFB). Extensive characterizations are performed to investigate the composition/structure and the electrochemical behavior, revealing the favorable effect of introducing the cationic viologen group on the electroactive TEMPO. Salient findings are as follows. First, the redox potential is elevated from +0.745 V for TEMPO to +0.967 V for decorated TEMPO, favoring its use as the positive electrolyte. Such an elevation originates from the electron-withdrawing effect of the viologen unit, as evidenced by the nuclear magnetic resonance and single crystal structure analysis. Second, linear sweep voltammetry reveals that the diffusion coefficient is 2.97×10−6 cm2 s−1, and the rate constant of the one-electron transfer process is 7.50×10−2 cm s−1. The two values are sufficiently high as to ensure low concentration and kinetics polarization losses during the battery operation. Third, the permeability through anion-exchange membrane is as low as 1.80×10−11 cm2 s−1. It is understandable as the positive-charged viologen unit prevents the molecule from permeating through the anion exchange membrane by the Donnan effect. Fourth, the ionic nature features a decent conductivity and thus eliminates the use of additional supporting electrolyte. Finally, a flow battery is operated with 1.50 M (TPABPy)Cl3 as the positive electrolyte, which affords a high energy density of 19.0 Wh L-1 and a stable cycling performance with capacity retention of 99.98% per cycle.

Manganese phosphoxide/Ni5P4 hybrids as an anode material for high energy density and rate potassium-ion storage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen Yang ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Yiwei Tan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Ion Storage

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) that serve as low-cost and large-scale secondary batteries are regarded as promising alternatives and supplement to lithium-ion batteries. Hybrid active materials can be featured with the synergistic...

High Energy Density Hydrogen/Vanadium Hybrid Redox Flow Battery Utilizing HCl As a Supporting Electrolyte

2020 ◽  
Vol MA2020-02 (4) ◽  
pp. 800-800
Author(s):  
Andres Parra-Puerto ◽  
Javier Rubio-Garcia ◽  
Junyi Cui ◽  
Anthony Kucernak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery

An Energy Dense, Robust, Powerful Bipolar Zinc-Ferrocene Redox Flow Battery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Luo ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
Wenda Wu ◽  
Maowei Hu ◽  
Leo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have been recognized as a promising option for scalable and dispatchable renewable energy storage (e.g. solar and wind energy). Zinc metal represents a low cost, high capacity anode material to develop high energy density aqueous redox flow batteries. However, the energy storage applications of traditional inorganic Zn halide flow batteries are primarily plagued by the material challenges of traditional halide cathode electrolytes (e.g. bromine) including corrosion, toxicity, and severe crossover. As reported here, we have developed a bipolar Zinc-ferrocene salt compound, Zinc 1,1’-bis(3-sulfonatopropyl)ferrocene, Zn[Fc(SPr)2] (1.80 M solubility or 48.2 Ah/L charge storage capacity) – a robust, energy-dense, bipolar redox-active electrolyte material for high performance Zn organic RFBs. Using a low-cost porous Daramic membrane, the Zn[Fc(SPr)2] aqueous organic redox flow battery (AORFB) has worked in dual-flow and single-flow modes. It has manifested outstanding current, energy, and power performance, specifically, operating at high current densities of up to 200 mA/cm2 and delivering an energy efficiency of up to 81.5% and a power density of up to 270.5 mW/cm2. A Zn[Fc(SPr)2] AORFB demonstrated an energy density of 20.2 Wh/L and displayed 100% capacity retention for 2000 cycles (1284 hr or 53.5 days). The Zn[Fc(SPr)2] ionic bipolar electrolyte not only offers record-setting, highly-stable, energy-dense, and the most powerful Zn-organic AORFBs to date, but it also provides a new paradigm to develop even more advanced redox materials for scalable energy storage.

A Low-Cost Neutral Zinc-Iron Flow Battery with High Energy Density for Stationary Energy Storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 129 (47) ◽  
pp. 15149-15153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congxin Xie ◽  
Yinqi Duan ◽  
Wenbin Xu ◽  
Huamin Zhang ◽  
Xianfeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Stationary Energy

scholarly journals A high-capacity cathode for rechargeable K-metal battery based on reversible superoxide-peroxide conversion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Qiao ◽  
Han Deng ◽  
Zhi Chang ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
Huijun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
O2 Evolution ◽  
Energy Storage Device ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Metal Anode

Abstract As a promising low-cost energy storage device, the development of rechargeable potassium-ion battery (KIB) is severely hindered by the limited capacity of cathode candidates. Regarded as an attractive capacity-boosting strategy, triggering the O-related anionic redox activity has not been achieved within sealed KIB system. Herein, different from the typical gaseous open K-O2 battery (O2/KO2 redox), we originally realize the reversible superoxide/peroxide (KO2/K2O2) interconversion on a KO2-based cathode. Controlled within a sealed cell environment, the irreversible O2 evolution and electrolyte decomposition (induced by superoxide anion (O2−) formation) are effectively restrained. Rationally controlling the reversible depth-of-charge at 300 mAh/g (based on the mass of KO2), no obvious cell degradation can be observed during 900 cycles. Moreover, benefit from electrolyte modification, KO2-based cathode is coupled with limited amount of K-metal anode (merely 2.5 times excess), harvesting a K-metal full-cell with high-energy-efficiency (∼90%) and long-term cycling stability (over 300 cycles).

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