Electrogenerated BF3 From Tetrafluoroborate-Based Ionic Liquids: Theoretical And Experimental Studies Towards Selective Styrene Oxide Isomerization

Abstract The anodic oxidation of tetrafluoroborate anion yields the Lewis acid BF3. If this reaction is carried out in an imidazolium ionic liquid, a quite stable system containing BF3 is obtained, whose reactivity is similar to the one of BF3·Et2O, but less harmful. The two reagents’ stabilities were compared by computational analysis, strongly suggesting a higher stability for BF3/BMIm-BF4 system. The effect of substituents on the imidazolium ring and of the electrochemical configuration on BF3 reactivity were studied in a model reaction, styrene oxide isomerization. The experimental conditions were defined for the selective formation of phenylacetaldehyde or of 2-benzyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane. Moreover, the formation of N-heterocyclic carbene-BF3 adduct was confirmed when carrying out the electrolysis in an undivided cell. Electrogenerated BF3/BMIm-BF4 system demonstrated to be a valid alternative to commercial BF3·Et2O.

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THE RELATION BETWEEN THE HYPOTHALAMIC NEUROSECRETION AND THE CORTICOTROPHIN RELEASE IN EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.xxxiv0008 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol XXXIV (I) ◽

pp. 8-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

E. Kivalo ◽

U. K. Rinne

Keyword(s):

Paraventricular Nucleus ◽

Median Eminence ◽

Supraoptic Nucleus ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Neurosecretory Material ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Hypothalamic Cells ◽

The One ◽

Hypophysial Portal ◽

Acth Release

ABSTRACT Acute stress, chronic stress plus hydration, cortisone treatment, cortisone treatment plus dehydration were used as methods of investigation and the relation between the neurosecretory activity of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus and the neurosecretory material around the hypophysial portal vessels of the median eminence on the one hand and the corticotrophin release on the other hand, has been studied in the rat. Whereas stress stimulates both the activity of the above mentioned cells of the hypothalamus and the ACTH release, stress plus hydration causes a depression of these hypothalamic cells but nevertheless causes a marked ACTH release. Cortisone inhibits the activity of the cells in the supraoptic nucleus and the paraventricular nucleus as well as the ACTH release whereas cortisone plus dehydration causes stimulation but inhibits the ACTH release. In some stress and cortisone treatment groups the variations of the neurosecretory material around the hypophysial portal vessels and of the ACTH release were found to show a correlation. It is concluded that the activity of the cells of the supraoptic nucleus and the paraventricular nucleus and the ACTH release do not seem to have any definite connection, whereas some observations indicate that the neurosecretory material in the region of the median eminence around the hypophysial portal vessels may have some significance in ACTH release.

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A Relativistic Newtonian Mechanics Predicts with Precision the Results of Recent Neutrino-Velocity Experiments

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS ◽

10.24297/jap.v6i1.1824 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1032-1035 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ramzi Suleiman

Keyword(s):

Null Hypothesis ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Theoretical Models ◽

Newtonian Mechanics ◽

Speed Of Light ◽

Symmetry Principle ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The One ◽

Complete Collapse

The research on quasi-luminal neutrinos has sparked several experimental studies for testing the "speed of light limit" hypothesis. Until today, the overall evidence favors the "null" hypothesis, stating that there is no significant difference between the observed velocities of light and neutrinos. Despite numerous theoretical models proposed to explain the neutrinos behavior, no attempt has been undertaken to predict the experimentally produced results. This paper presents a simple novel extension of Newton's mechanics to the domain of relativistic velocities. For a typical neutrino-velocity experiment, the proposed model is utilized to derive a general expression for . Comparison of the model's prediction with results of six neutrino-velocity experiments, conducted by five collaborations, reveals that the model predicts all the reported results with striking accuracy. Because in the proposed model, the direction of the neutrino flight matters, the model's impressive success in accounting for all the tested data, indicates a complete collapse of the Lorentz symmetry principle in situation involving quasi-luminal particles, moving in two opposite directions. This conclusion is support by previous findings, showing that an identical Sagnac effect to the one documented for radial motion, occurs also in linear motion.

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General Trend of Negative Transference Number in Li Salt/Ionic Liquid Mixtures

10.26434/chemrxiv.7728545 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicola Molinari ◽

Jonathan P. Mailoa ◽

Boris Kozinsky

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Transference Number ◽

Liquid Mixtures ◽

Single Linkage ◽

Self Diffusion ◽

Wide Range ◽

Single Linkage Cluster ◽

Concentrated Solution ◽

The One ◽

Dynamics Simulations

We show that strong cation-anion interactions in a wide range of lithium-salt/ionic liquid mixtures result in a negative lithium transference number, using molecular dynamics simulations and rigorous concentrated solution theory. This behavior fundamentally deviates from the one obtained using self-diffusion coefficient analysis and agrees well with experimental electrophoretic NMR measurements, which accounts for ion correlations. We extend these findings to several ionic liquid compositions. We investigate the degree of spatial ionic coordination employing single-linkage cluster analysis, unveiling asymmetrical anion-cation clusters. Additionally, we formulate a way to compute the effective lithium charge that corresponds to and agrees well with electrophoretic measurements and show that lithium effectively carries a negative charge in a remarkably wide range of chemistries and concentrations. The generality of our observation has significant implications for the energy storage community, emphasizing the need to reconsider the potential of these systems as next generation battery electrolytes.<br>

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COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF A LOW-EMISSION BURNER FOR A PERSPECTIVE TURBOJET ENGINE WITH THE COMPRESSION RATIO EXCEEDING 40

NONEQUILIBRIUM PROCESSES: RECENT ACCOMPLISHMENTS ◽

10.30826/nepcap9a-39 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M. A. Danilov ◽

◽

M. V. Drobysh ◽

A. N. Dubovitsky ◽

F. G. Markov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compression Ratio ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

The Other ◽

Aircraft Engines ◽

Engine Efficiency ◽

Other Hand ◽

Turbojet Engine ◽

Low Emission ◽

Civil Aircraft ◽

The One

Restrictions of emissions for civil aircraft engines, on the one hand, and the need in increasing the engine efficiency, on the other hand, cause difficulties during development of low-emission combustors for such engines.

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Imidazolium ionic liquid-modified fibrous silica microspheres loaded with gold nanoparticles and their enhanced catalytic activity and reusability for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/c4ta01513d ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (30) ◽

pp. 12060 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Honglei Yang ◽

Shuwen Li ◽

Xueyao Zhang ◽

Xiaoyu Wang ◽

Jiantai Ma

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Ionic Liquid ◽

Catalytic Activity ◽

Silica Microspheres ◽

Imidazolium Ionic Liquid

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Microwave-Assisted Preparation of Molecularly Imprinted Monolith Combining Imidazolium Ionic Liquid and POSS for Enhanced Extraction of Baicalin-Like Compounds in Scutellaria Baicalensis by means of In-Capillary SPME Followed by on-line LC and off-line LC-MS/MS

New Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1039/d0nj06254e ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaohan Zhang ◽

Le Gao ◽

Liying Niu ◽

Xiaodong Bi

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽

Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽

Synthetic Methods ◽

Imidazolium Ionic Liquid ◽

Molecularly Imprinted ◽

Imprinted Polymers ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

On Line ◽

Molecularly Imprinted Monolith

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) possess target-customized and range-adjustable selectivity, and hence have been attracting increasing efforts to develop new synthetic methods and new forms of applications. By wisely choosing functional...

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Alpha EEG Frontal Asymmetries during Audiovisual Perception in Cochlear Implant Users

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.3414/me15-01-0005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 54 (06) ◽

pp. 500-504 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. G. Maglione ◽

A. Scorpecci ◽

P. Malerba ◽

P. Marsella ◽

S. Giannantonio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cochlear Implant ◽

Alpha Rhythm ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Audiovisual Perception ◽

Audiovisual Stimuli ◽

The Difference ◽

Eeg Alpha ◽

The One ◽

Hearing Children

SummaryObjectives: The aim of the present study is to investigate the variations of the electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha rhythm in order to measure the appreciation of bilateral and unilateral young cochlear implant users during the observation of a musical cartoon. The cartoon has been modified for the generation of three experimental conditions: one with the original audio, another one with a distorted sound and, finally, a mute version.Methods: The EEG data have been recorded during the observation of the cartoons in the three experimental conditions. The frontal alpha EEG imbalance has been calculated as a measure of motivation and pleasantness to be compared across experimental populations and conditions.Results: The EEG frontal imbalance of the alpha rhythm showed significant variations during the perception of the different cartoons. In particular, the pattern of activation of normal-hearing children is very similar to the one elicited by the bilateral implanted patients. On the other hand, results related to the unilateral subjects do not present significant variations of the imbalance index across the three cartoons.Conclusion: The presented results suggest that the unilateral patients could not appreciate the difference in the audio format as well as bilaterally implanted and normal hearing subjects. The frontal alpha EEG imbalance is a useful tool to detect the differences in the appreciation of audiovisual stimuli in cochlear implant patients.

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