Photo-Modulatable Potential Oscillation during Organic-Phase Iodization Reaction

Here we describe the synthesis and electrochemical testing of a heteroleptic bis(tridentate) ruthenium(II) complex [RuII(LR)(L)]0 (LR =2,6-bis(1-(2-octyldodecan)benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine, L = 2,6-bis(benzimidazolate)pyridine). It is a neutral complex which undergoes a quasireversible oxidation and reduction at relatively low potential. The newly synthetized compound was used for studies of ion-transfer at the three-phase junction because of the sensitivity of this method to cation expulsion. The [RuII(LR)(L)]0 shows exceptional stability during cycling and is sufficiently lipophilic even after oxidation to persist in the organic phase also using very hydrophilic anions such as Cl−. Given its low redox potential and strong lipophilicity this compound will be of interest as an electron donor in liquid-liquid electrochemistry.

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Three-Phase Electrochemistry of a Highly Lipophilic Neutral Ru-Complex Having a Tridentate Bis(benzimidazolate)pyridine Ligand

10.26434/chemrxiv.12170136.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vishwanath R.S ◽

Masa-aki Haga ◽

Takumi Watanabe ◽

Emilia Witkowska Nery ◽

Martin Jönsson-Niedziolka

Keyword(s):

Redox Potential ◽

Organic Phase ◽

Electron Donor ◽

Ion Transfer ◽

Neutral Complex ◽

Pyridine Ligand ◽

Electrochemical Testing ◽

Ru Complex ◽

Three Phase ◽

Exceptional Stability

Here we describe the synthesis and electrochemical testing of a heteroleptic bis(tridentate) ruthenium(II) complex [RuII(LR)(L)]0 (LR =2,6-bis(1-(2-octyldodecan)benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine, L = 2,6-bis(benzimidazolate)pyridine). It is a neutral complex which undergoes a quasireversible oxidation and reduction at relatively low potential. The newly synthetized compound was used for studies of ion-transfer at the three-phase junction because of the sensitivity of this method to cation expulsion. The [RuII(LR)(L)]0 shows exceptional stability during cycling and is sufficiently lipophilic even after oxidation to persist in the organic phase also using very hydrophilic anions such as Cl−. Given its low redox potential and strong lipophilicity this compound will be of interest as an electron donor in liquid-liquid electrochemistry.

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Three-Phase Electrochemistry of a Highly Lipophilic Neutral Ru-Complex Having a Tridentate Bis(benzimidazolate)pyridine Ligand

10.26434/chemrxiv.12170136 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vishwanath R.S ◽

Masa-aki Haga ◽

Takumi Watanabe ◽

Emilia Witkowska Nery ◽

Martin Jönsson-Niedziolka

Keyword(s):

Redox Potential ◽

Organic Phase ◽

Electron Donor ◽

Ion Transfer ◽

Neutral Complex ◽

Pyridine Ligand ◽

Electrochemical Testing ◽

Ru Complex ◽

Three Phase ◽

Exceptional Stability

Here we describe the synthesis and electrochemical testing of a heteroleptic bis(tridentate) ruthenium(II) complex [RuII(LR)(L)]0 (LR =2,6-bis(1-(2-octyldodecan)benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine, L = 2,6-bis(benzimidazolate)pyridine). It is a neutral complex which undergoes a quasireversible oxidation and reduction at relatively low potential. The newly synthetized compound was used for studies of ion-transfer at the three-phase junction because of the sensitivity of this method to cation expulsion. The [RuII(LR)(L)]0 shows exceptional stability during cycling and is sufficiently lipophilic even after oxidation to persist in the organic phase also using very hydrophilic anions such as Cl−. Given its low redox potential and strong lipophilicity this compound will be of interest as an electron donor in liquid-liquid electrochemistry.

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Extraction of hafnium(IV) with organophosphorus reagents from solutions of mineral acids mixtures

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19793656 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 44 (12) ◽

pp. 3656-3664

Author(s):

Oldřich Navrátil ◽

Jiří Smola ◽

Rostislav Kolouch

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Organic Phase ◽

Perchloric Acid ◽

Synergic Effect ◽

Salting Out ◽

Initial Concentration ◽

Mixed Complexes ◽

Synergic Extraction ◽

Mineral Acids

Extraction of hafnium(IV) was studied from solutions of mixtures of perchloric and nitric acids and of perchloric and hydrochloric acids for constant ionic strength, I = 2, 4, 6, or 8, and for cHf 4 . 10-4 mol l-1. The organic phase was constituted by solutions of some acidic or neutral organophosphorus reagents or of 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone, or N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine in benzene, chloroform, or n-octane. A pronounced synergic extraction of hafnium proceeds only on applying organophosphorus reagents from an aqueous phase whose acidity is not lower than 3M-(HClO4 + HNO3) or 5M-(HClO4 + HCl). The synergic effect was not affected markedly by a variation of the initial concentration of hafnium in the range 1 . 10-8 -4 .10-4 mol l-1, it lowered with increasing initial concentration of the organophosphorus reagent and decreasing concentration of the H+ ions. It is suggested that the hafnium passes into the organic phase in the form of mixed complexes, the salting-out effect of perchloric acid playing an appreciable part.

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Extraction of strontium and barium salts by the nitrobenzene solution of dicarbolide in the presence of glymes

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19850581 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 581-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Petr Vaňura ◽

Emanuel Makrlík

Keyword(s):

Stability Constants ◽

Organic Phase ◽

Equilibrium Constants ◽

Minor Role ◽

Nitrobenzene Solution ◽

Ligand Structure ◽

Stability Constants Of Complexes ◽

Separation Factors ◽

The Stability ◽

A Minor

Extraction of microamounts of Sr2+ and Ba2+ (henceforth M2+) from the aqueous solutions of perchloric acid (0.0125-1.02 mol/l) by means of the nitrobenzene solutions of dicarbolide (0.004-0.05 mol/l of H+{Co(C2B9H11)2}-) was studied in the presence of monoglyme (only Ba2+), diglyme, triglyme, and tetraglyme (CH3O-(CH2-CH2O)nCH3, where n = 1, 2, 3, 4). The distribution of glyme betweeen the aqueous and organic phases, the extraction of the protonized glyme molecule HL+ together with the extraction of M2+ ion and of the glyme complex with the M2+ ion, i.e., ML2+ (where L is the molecule of glyme), were found to be the dominating reactions in the systems under study. In the systems with tri- and tetraglymes the extraction of H+ and M2+ ions solvated with two glyme molecules, i.e., the formation of HL2+ and ML22+ species, can probably play a minor role. The values of the respective equilibrium constants, of the stability constants of complexes formed in the organic phase, and the theoretical separation factors αBa/Sr were determined. The effect of the ligand structure on the values of extraction and stability constants in the organic phase is discussed.

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Europium and cerium extraction by the nitrobenzene solution of dicarbolide in the presence of polyethylene glycols

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19860498 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 498-515 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Emanuel Makrlík ◽

Petr Vaňura

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

Organic Phase ◽

Perchloric Acid ◽

Equilibrium Constants ◽

Polyethylene Glycols ◽

Individual Species ◽

Nitrobenzene Solution ◽

Separation Factors ◽

Equilibrium Data

Extraction of Eu3+ and Ce3+ microamounts from 0.1-0.4M perchloric acid by the nitrobenzene solution of dicarbolide H+[Co(C2B9H11)2]- in the presence of polyethylene glycols (Mr = 200, 300, 400) has been studied. The equilibrium data and the typical maxima on the dependence of the metal distribution ratio on the total analytical concentration of polyethylene glycol in the system can be explained assuming that the species ML3+org, ML3+2org, ML3+3org, MLH2+-1org, and HL+org (where M3+ = Eu3+, Ce3+; L = polyethylene glycol) are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and equilibrium constants in the organic phase were determined and the effect of the polyethylene glycol molecular weight on the equilibrium constants and on the abundances of individual species in the organic phase is discussed. It has been found that the addition of polyethylene glycol to the acid - nitrobezene - dicarbolide system increases the values of the separation factors αCe/Eu.

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Extraction of Am(III) by benzyldibutylamine from nitrate solutions of lanthanides

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19810194 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 194-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marta Vojtíšková ◽

Věra Jedináková ◽

Libor Kuča

Keyword(s):

Nitric Acid ◽

Nuclear Fuel ◽

Organic Phase ◽

Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

Separation Factors ◽

Nitrate Solutions

Benzyldibutylamine is a suitable extractant for the separation of Am(III) and Ln(III) from the acidic nitrate solutions. The effect of lanthanides and yttrium on the extraction of Am(III) has been followed under the conditions modelling the content of these components in the spent nuclear fuel. The separation factors αAm/Ln were evaluated for the optimum conditions found for the separation of Am(III) from the lanthanides. The coextraction of nitric acid and water into the organic phase is discussed.

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Determination of trace amounts of cobalt by homogeneous isotope exchange in an organic phase

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19803332 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 45 (12) ◽

pp. 3332-3337

Author(s):

Václav Jiránek

Keyword(s):

Organic Phase ◽

Isotope Exchange ◽

Radiochemical Method

A new radiochemical method for determining trace amounts of cobalt has been worked out. It is based on a homogeneous isotope exchange between cobalt(III) diethyldithiocarbamate and cobalt(III) caprate in an organic phase. The method, tested in the range 0.005-8 μg Co, has proved to be selective.

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Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Impurity Aluminum on the Solvent Extraction of Rare Earth Elements (Nd, Pr, La) by P204-P350 in Chloride Solution

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11010061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Wenjie Zhang ◽

Xian Xie ◽

Xiong Tong ◽

Yunpeng Du ◽

Qiang Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Solvent Extraction ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Organic Phase ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Separation And Purification ◽

Aluminum Ion ◽

Hydrochloric Acid Medium ◽

Impurity Ion

Solvent extraction is the most widely used method for separation and purification of rare earth elements, and organic extractants such as di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (P204) and di(1-methyl-heptyl) methyl phosphonate (P350) are most commonly used for industrial applications. However, the presence of impurity ions in the feed liquid during extraction can easily emulsify the extractant and affect the quality of rare earth products. Aluminum ion is the most common impurity ion in the feed liquid, and it is an important cause of emulsification of the extractant. In this study, the influence of aluminum ion was investigated on the extraction of light rare earth elements by the P204-P350 system in hydrochloric acid medium. The results show that Al3+ competes with light rare earths in the extraction process, reducing the overall extraction rate. In addition, the Al3+ stripping rate is low and there is continuous accumulation of Al3+ in the organic phase during the stripping process, affecting the extraction efficiency and even causing emulsification. The slope method and infrared detection were utilized to explore the formation of an extraction compound of Al3+ and the extractant P204-P350 that entered the organic phase as AlCl[(HA)2]2P350(o).

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