(Invited) Electrochemical Ion Separation Based on Capacitive Deionization as Promising Water and Resource Recovery Processes

Waste composition studies can provide meaningful data for design and operation of resource recovery processes. However, relatively limited attention has been devoted to energy recovery predicted by waste composition analysis, despite increasingly detailed analysis of various subsets of the municipal solid waste stream. Further, global economic conditions and markets have dramatically altered since 2008, resulting in significant changes in corporate, institutional and consumer spending patterns. Associated with these shifts in spending, as well as with longer-term trends in packaging and advances in residential and commercial recycling, the quantity and makeup of discarded materials has changed. The authors present data resulting from recent waste composition studies, and discuss potential impacts on the design and operation of material recovery systems.

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Capacitive deionization and electrosorption for heavy metal removal

Environmental Science Water Research & Technology ◽

10.1039/c9ew00945k ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 258-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Raylin Chen ◽

Thomas Sheehan ◽

Jing Lian Ng ◽

Matthew Brucks ◽

Xiao Su

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Water Purification ◽

Environmental Remediation ◽

Metal Removal ◽

Heavy Metal Removal ◽

Resource Recovery ◽

Capacitive Deionization

Electrosorption and capacitive deionization technologies can be effective processes in removing heavy metal for water purification, wastewater treatment, resource recovery, and environmental remediation.

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Faradaic reactions in capacitive deionization for desalination and ion separation

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/c9ta01264h ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (27) ◽

pp. 15999-16027 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Fei Yu ◽

Lei Wang ◽

Ying Wang ◽

Xiaojie Shen ◽

Yujuan Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Capacitive Deionization ◽

Ion Separation ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals

The performance of faradaic electrode materials in desalination, the removal of heavy metals, and ion separation is presented.

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Occupational Exposure to Endotoxin along a Municipal Scale Fecal Sludge Collection and Resource Recovery Process in Kigali, Rwanda

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16234740 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (23) ◽

pp. 4740

Author(s):

Rachel Sklar ◽

Zeyi Zhou ◽

Marley Zalay ◽

Ashley Muspratt ◽

S. Katharine Hammond

Keyword(s):

Geometric Mean ◽

Occupational Exposures ◽

Recovery Process ◽

Resource Recovery ◽

Exposure Limits ◽

Worker Exposure ◽

Recovery Processes ◽

Management Processes ◽

Endotoxin Exposure ◽

Fecal Sludge

Background: Little is known about occupational exposures that occur along fecal sludge collection and resource recovery processes. This study characterizes inhaled endotoxin exposure to workers of a municipal scale fecal sludge-to-fuel processes in Kigali, Rwanda. Methods: Forty-two task-based air samples were collected from workers in five tasks along the fecal sludge collection and resource recovery process. Samples were processed for endotoxin using the limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test. To account for exposure variability and compare measured concentrations to established exposure limits, we used Monte Carlo modeling methods to construct distributions representing full eight-hour (8-h) exposures to endotoxin across eight exposure scenarios. Results: Geometric mean (GM) endotoxin concentrations in task-based samples ranged from 11–3700 EU/m3 with exposure concentrations increasing as the dryness of the fecal sludge increased through processing. The thermal dryer task had the highest endotoxin concentrations (GM = 3700 EU/m3) and the inlet task had the lowest (GM = 11 EU/m3). The geometric means (GM) of modeled 8-h exposure concentrations were between 6.7–960 EU/m3 and highest for scenarios which included the thermal dryer task in the exposure scenario. Conclusions: Our data suggest the importance of including worker exposure considerations in the design of nascent fecal sludge management processes. The methods used in this study combine workplace sampling with stochastic modeling and are useful for exposure assessment in resource constrained contexts.

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