Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma reduce prolactin release in vitro

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (5) ◽  
pp. E672-E676
Author(s):  
P. E. Walton ◽  
M. J. Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Prolactin Release ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Prolactin binds to lymphocytes and monocytes and can modulate immune cell function. It was postulated that proteins released from activated macrophages and lymphocytes could directly influence prolactin release and thus form an endocrine control loop during infection, tumor invasion, or inflammation. This hypothesis was tested by exposing cultured rat anterior pituitary cells to murine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and/or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) for 24 h before a 4-h test of cell function. Overall prolactin accumulation during this first 24 h was inhibited by TNF-alpha and markedly reduced by TNF-alpha plus IFN-gamma. In contrast, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were unchanged in these same media. During the subsequent 4-h challenge, both cytokines reduced thyrotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated prolactin release but had no effect on inhibited prolactin release mediated by dopamine and somatostatin receptors. Cellular viability (assessed by trypan blue and chromium release assays) and prolactin cell content were unchanged after TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma treatment. We conclude that both TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma have the potential to act directly on anterior pituitary cells to slow the rate of prolactin release.

scholarly journals Cross-linking of CD4 molecules upregulates Fas antigen expression in lymphocytes by inducing interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor- alpha secretion

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 2622-2631 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Oyaizu ◽  
TW McCloskey ◽  
S Than ◽  
R Hu ◽  
VS Kalyanaraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
T Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Abstract We have recently shown that, in unfractioned peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), the cross-linking of CD4 molecules (CD4XL) is sufficient to induce T-cell apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanism for the CD4XL-mediated T-cell apoptosis is largely unknown. Several recent studies have shown that Fas antigen (Ag), a cell-surface molecule, mediates apoptosis-triggering signals. We show here that cross-linking of CD4 molecules, induced either by anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) Leu3a or by human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) envelope protein gp160, upregulates Fas Ag expression as well as Fas mRNA in normal lymphocytes. Addition of the tyrosine protein kinase inhibitor genistein or of the immunosuppressive agent cyclosporin A abrogated these effects. The upregulation of Fas Ag closely correlated with apoptotic cell death, as determined by flow cytometry. In addition, CD4XL resulted in the induction of interferon-gamma (IFN- gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the absence of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-4 secretion in PBMCs. Both INF-gamma and TNF-alpha were found to contribute to Fas Ag upregulation and both anti- IFN-gamma and anti-TNF-alpha antibodies blocked CD4XL-induced Fas Ag upregulation and lymphocyte apoptosis. These findings strongly suggest that aberrant cytokine secretion induced by CD4XL and consequent upregulation of Fas Ag expression might play a critical role in triggering peripheral T-cell apoptosis and thereby contribute to HIV disease pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Interleukin-4 (IL-4) inhibits secretion of IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-6 by human monocytes

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1392-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA te Velde ◽  
RJ Huijbens ◽  
K Heije ◽  
JE de Vries ◽  
CG Figdor
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Monocytes activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon gamma (IFN gamma) rapidly secrete a number of monokines with different functional properties. Interleukin–4 (IL–4), a T-cell derived cytokine, has been shown to reduce the production of monokines with cytostatic activity for tumor cells, chemotactic activity for monocytes, and factors that stimulate thymocyte proliferation. This latter activity is mediated by a number of monokines like IL–1, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and IL–6. To elucidate which cytokines produced by monocytes are controlled by IL–4, we tested the effect of IL–4 on the secretion of IL–1 alpha, IL–1 beta, TNF alpha, and IL–6 induced by LPS or IFN gamma. IL–4 was found to inhibit the secretion of IL–1 beta and TNF alpha by activated monocytes almost 100%. The secretion of IL–6 was found to be reduced 70% to 85% in the presence of IL–4, whereas there was no effect on the secretion of IL–1 alpha (IL–1 alpha is mainly cell- associated). Time-course experiments demonstrate that IL–4 reduces the secretion of monokines for a prolonged period of time (greater than 40 hours). The reduced secretion of IL–1 beta and TNF alpha was specifically induced by IL–4 because anti-IL–4 antiserum completely restored normal monokine production. These data suggest that IL–4 plays a role in the regulation of immune responses by reducing the production of functionally important monokines.

scholarly journals Interleukin-4 (IL-4) inhibits secretion of IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-6 by human monocytes

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1392-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA te Velde ◽  
RJ Huijbens ◽  
K Heije ◽  
JE de Vries ◽  
CG Figdor
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Abstract Monocytes activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon gamma (IFN gamma) rapidly secrete a number of monokines with different functional properties. Interleukin–4 (IL–4), a T-cell derived cytokine, has been shown to reduce the production of monokines with cytostatic activity for tumor cells, chemotactic activity for monocytes, and factors that stimulate thymocyte proliferation. This latter activity is mediated by a number of monokines like IL–1, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and IL–6. To elucidate which cytokines produced by monocytes are controlled by IL–4, we tested the effect of IL–4 on the secretion of IL–1 alpha, IL–1 beta, TNF alpha, and IL–6 induced by LPS or IFN gamma. IL–4 was found to inhibit the secretion of IL–1 beta and TNF alpha by activated monocytes almost 100%. The secretion of IL–6 was found to be reduced 70% to 85% in the presence of IL–4, whereas there was no effect on the secretion of IL–1 alpha (IL–1 alpha is mainly cell- associated). Time-course experiments demonstrate that IL–4 reduces the secretion of monokines for a prolonged period of time (greater than 40 hours). The reduced secretion of IL–1 beta and TNF alpha was specifically induced by IL–4 because anti-IL–4 antiserum completely restored normal monokine production. These data suggest that IL–4 plays a role in the regulation of immune responses by reducing the production of functionally important monokines.

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha-Induced Nitric Oxide Restrains the Apoptotic Response of Anterior Pituitary Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianela Candolfi ◽  
Gabriela Jaita ◽  
Verónica Zaldivar ◽  
Sandra Zárate ◽  
Daniel Pisera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Apoptotic Response ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

scholarly journals Regulation of cytokine production by soluble CD23: costimulation of interferon gamma secretion and triggering of tumor necrosis factor alpha release.

1994 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 1005-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Armant ◽  
H Ishihara ◽  
M Rubio ◽  
G Delespesse ◽  
M Sarfati
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Alpha Production ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Soluble CD23 (sCD23) has multiple IgE-independent biological activities. In the present study, we examined the regulatory effect of sCD23 on cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We show that sCD23 enhances by about 80-fold the interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) production and by about 10-fold the response to IL-12. This potentiating activity is time and dose dependent and is not associated with a significant effect on DNA synthesis. The sCD23 costimulatory activity for IFN-gamma synthesis is drastically reduced in monocyte-depleted PBMC, suggesting that monocytes may be the target for sCD23. This hypothesis was supported by the following observations. First, sCD23 alone is a potent inducer of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production by PBMC and this effect disappears after monocyte depletion. The triggering of TNF-alpha release is specifically inhibited by neutralizing anti-CD23 monoclonal antibody (mAb). In addition, IL-2 and IL-12 synergize with sCD23 to induce TNF-alpha production. Second, sCD23 triggers the release of other inflammatory mediators such as IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6. Finally, TNF-alpha production in response to IL-2 and sCD23 precedes IFN-gamma and IFN-gamma secretion is significantly inhibited by anti-TNF-alpha mAb, indicating that the sCD23 costimulatory signal for IFN-gamma production may be partially mediated by TNF-alpha release. It is proposed that sCD23 is a proinflammatory cytokine that, in addition, may play an important role in the control of the immune response via the enhancement of IFN-gamma production.

scholarly journals Cross-linking of CD4 molecules upregulates Fas antigen expression in lymphocytes by inducing interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor- alpha secretion

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 2622-2631 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Oyaizu ◽  
TW McCloskey ◽  
S Than ◽  
R Hu ◽  
VS Kalyanaraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
T Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

We have recently shown that, in unfractioned peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), the cross-linking of CD4 molecules (CD4XL) is sufficient to induce T-cell apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanism for the CD4XL-mediated T-cell apoptosis is largely unknown. Several recent studies have shown that Fas antigen (Ag), a cell-surface molecule, mediates apoptosis-triggering signals. We show here that cross-linking of CD4 molecules, induced either by anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) Leu3a or by human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) envelope protein gp160, upregulates Fas Ag expression as well as Fas mRNA in normal lymphocytes. Addition of the tyrosine protein kinase inhibitor genistein or of the immunosuppressive agent cyclosporin A abrogated these effects. The upregulation of Fas Ag closely correlated with apoptotic cell death, as determined by flow cytometry. In addition, CD4XL resulted in the induction of interferon-gamma (IFN- gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the absence of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-4 secretion in PBMCs. Both INF-gamma and TNF-alpha were found to contribute to Fas Ag upregulation and both anti- IFN-gamma and anti-TNF-alpha antibodies blocked CD4XL-induced Fas Ag upregulation and lymphocyte apoptosis. These findings strongly suggest that aberrant cytokine secretion induced by CD4XL and consequent upregulation of Fas Ag expression might play a critical role in triggering peripheral T-cell apoptosis and thereby contribute to HIV disease pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Fas antigen expression on CD34+ human marrow cells is induced by interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha and potentiates cytokine-mediated hematopoietic suppression in vitro

Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (11) ◽  
pp. 3183-3190 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Maciejewski ◽  
C Selleri ◽  
S Anderson ◽  
NS Young
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Fas Antigen ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Activation of Fas antigen, a cell surface receptor molecule, by its ligand results in transduction of a signal for cell death. The Fas system has been implicated in target cell recognition, clonal development of immune effector cells, and termination of the cellular immune response. Fas antigen expression on lymphocytes is regulated by interferon gamma (IFN gamma) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), cytokines that also have inhibitory effects on hematopoiesis. We investigated Fas antigen expression on human marrow cells and the effects of Fas activation on hematopoiesis in vitro. Freshly isolated immature hematopoietic cells, as defined by the CD34 marker, did not express Fas antigen at levels detectable by fluorescent staining. CD34+ cells, which include progenitors and stem cells, showed low levels of Fas expression in culture, even in the presence of growth factors. Stimulation by TNF alpha and IFN gamma markedly increased Fas antigen expression on CD34+ cells. Anti-Fas antibody, which mimics the action of the putative ligand, enhanced IFN gamma- and TNF alpha-mediated suppression of colony formation by bone marrow (BM) in a dose-dependent manner. This effect did not require the presence of accessory cells. Colony formation from mature (CD34+ CD38+) and immature (CD34+ CD38-) progenitor cells and long-term culture initiating cells were susceptible to the inhibitory action of anti-Fas antibody in the presence of IFN gamma and TNF alpha. Apoptosis assays performed on total BM cells and CD34+ cells showed that anti-Fas antibody induced programmed cell death of CD34+ BM cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Synergistic activation of NF-kappaB by tumor necrosis factor alpha and gamma interferon via enhanced I kappaB alpha degradation and de novo I kappaBbeta degradation.

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 6746-6754 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Cheshire ◽  
A S Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Effective Immune Response ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Nf Kappab ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) are required for an effective immune response to bacterial infection and these cytokines synergize in a variety of biological responses, including the induction of cytokine, cell adhesion, and inducible nitrous oxide synthase gene expression. Typically, the synergistic effect on gene expression is due to the independent activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) by TNF-alpha and of signal transducers and activators of transcription or IFN-regulatory factor 1 by IFNs, allowing these transcription factors to bind their unique promoter sites. However, since activation of NF-kappaB by TNF-alpha is often transient and would not activate long-term kappaB-dependent transcription effectively, we explored the effects of IFN-gamma on TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activity. IFN-gamma, which typically does not activate NF-kappaB, synergistically enhanced TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB nuclear translocation via a mechanism that involves the induced degradation of I kappaBbeta and that apparently requires tyrosine kinase activity in preneuronal cells but not in endothelial cells. Correspondingly, cotreatment of cells with TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma leads to persistent activation of NF-kappaB and to potent activation of kappaB-dependent gene expression, which may explain, at least in part, the synergy observed between these cytokines, as well as their involvement in the generation of an effective immune response.

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