Human gastric emptying and colonic filling of solids characterized by a new method

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (2) ◽  
pp. G284-G290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Camilleri ◽  
L. J. Colemont ◽  
S. F. Phillips ◽  
M. L. Brown ◽  
G. M. Thomforde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
New Method ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Half Time ◽  
Small Bowel Transit ◽  
Healthy Humans

Our first aim was to compare 111In-labeled Amberlite IR-12OP resin pellets and 131I-labeled fiber in the assessment of gastric and small bowel transit and colonic filling in healthy humans. Both radiolabels were highly stable for 3 h in an in vitro stomach model and remained predominantly bound to solid phase of stools collected over 5 days [90.5 +/- 2.1 (SE)% for 131I and 87.4 +/- 1.4% for 111In). The lag phase of gastric emptying was shorter for 111In-pellets (30 +/- 11 min compared with 58 +/- 12 min for 131I-fiber, P less than 0.05). However, the slope of the postlag phase of gastric emptying and the half time of small bowel transit were not significantly different for 111In-pellets and 131I-fiber. Filling of the colon was characterized by bolus movements of the radiolabel (10-80% range, 26% mean) followed by plateaus (periods of no movement of isotope into colon lasting 15-120 min, range; 51 min, mean). Half of the bolus movements occurred within 1 h of the intake of a second meal. Thus 111In-labeled Amberlite pellets provide an excellent marker for the study of gastric and small bowel transit and colonic filling in humans. The ileum acts as a reservoir and transfers boluses of variable sizes into the colon, often soon after the intake of a subsequent meal.

scholarly journals Selective stimulation of colonic transit by the benzofuran 5HT4 agonist, prucalopride, in healthy humans

Gut ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
E P Bouras ◽  
M Camilleri ◽  
D D Burton ◽  
S McKinzie
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Colonic Transit ◽  
Small Bowel Transit ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Chemical Class

BACKGROUNDPrucalopride (R093877) is a selective and specific 5HT4 agonist, the first of a new chemical class of benzofurans, with gastrointestinal prokinetic activities in vitro.AIMSTo evaluate the effects of prucalopride on gastrointestinal and colonic transit.METHODSA validated scintigraphic technique was used to measure gastrointestinal and colonic transit over 48 hours in 50 healthy volunteers. For seven days, each subject received a daily dose of 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 mg prucalopride, or placebo in a double blind, randomised fashion. The transit test was performed over the last 48 hours.RESULTSThere were significant accelerations of overall colonic transit at 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours (p<0.05) and proximal colonic emptying t1/2 (p<0.05). The 0.5, 2, and 4 mg doses of prucalopride were almost equally effective and accelerated colonic transit compared with placebo. Prucalopride did not significantly alter gastric emptying (p>0.5) or small bowel transit (overall p=0.12). The medication appeared to be well tolerated during the seven day treatment of healthy subjects.CONCLUSIONPrucalopride accelerates colonic transit, partly by stimulating proximal colonic emptying, but does not alter gastric or small bowel transit in healthy human subjects. Prucalopride deserves further study in patients with constipation.

scholarly journals Small bowel transit of a bran meal residue in humans: sieving of solids from liquids and response to feeding

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Hebden ◽  
P E Blackshaw ◽  
A C Perkins ◽  
M D’Amato ◽  
R C Spiller
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Small Bowel Transit ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Solid Meal ◽  
Lower Quadrant ◽  
Distal Small Bowel ◽  
Proximal Small Bowel ◽  
Indium 111 ◽  
Right Lower Quadrant

Background—Ileal motor patterns are adapted to the propulsion of viscous meal residue, such as bran, which accumulates in the distal ileum postprandially.Aims—To examine the effects of a second liquid/solid meal on ileal emptying.Subjects and methods—Eleven healthy fasting subjects consumed a 1.47 MJ pancake containing 15 g bran and 5 MBq Technetium-99m labelled amberlite resin (meal A). Gastric emptying and transit through the left upper quadrant (proximal) and right lower quadrant (distal) small bowel regions and colon were assessed scintigraphically. Transit was compared with and without a second Indium-111 liquid/solid DTPA labelled 2.28 MJ meal (B) given three hours after the first meal.Results—Gastric emptying of meal A was slower than meal B (the time for 50% of the activity to leave the stomach (T50) being 113 (11) minutes versus 48 (3) minutes respectively, p<0.01, n=11). Both meals passed rapidly through the proximal small bowel (T50 meal A = 57 (14) minutes versus T50 meal B = 42 (11) minutes). Transit of meal A through the distal small bowel was much slower (T50 more than 390 minutes versus 176 (29) minutes for meal B, p<0.01), resulting in meal B overtaking meal A and entering the colon earlier. Ingestion of the second meal (B) resulted in significantly less meal A marker entering the colon (5 (3)%) at 11 hours than when meal A was taken alone (18 (4)%) (p<0.05, n=8).Conclusions—The distal small bowel selectively retains bran, allowing liquid phase markers through to the colon. Consuming a second liquid/solid meal does not stimulate ileal transit of bran which seems to be propelled quicker by fasting motor patterns.

scholarly journals Effect of bran particle size on gastric emptying and small bowel transit in humans: a scintigraphic study.

Gut ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Vincent ◽  
A Roberts ◽  
M Frier ◽  
A C Perkins ◽  
I A MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Small Bowel Transit ◽  
Scintigraphic Study

Small bowel transit and gastric emptying after biliodigestive anastomosis using the uncut jejunal loop

2003 ◽  
Vol 186 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Klaus ◽  
Ronald A Hinder ◽  
Justin H.H Nguyen ◽  
Kevin L Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Jejunal Loop ◽  
Small Bowel Transit ◽  
Biliodigestive Anastomosis

scholarly journals Gastric emptying and orocaecal transit time of meals containing lactulose or inulin in men

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Clegg ◽  
Amir Shafat
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Half Time ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Orocaecal Transit Time

The H2 breath test is ideal for orocaecal transit time (OCTT) measurement, as it is non-invasive and inexpensive. Indigestible substrates added to a test meal are metabolised by the colonic bacteria, resulting in the production of H2 which is detected in end-exhalation breath. However, the substrates themselves can alter the transit times in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the present study is to compare OCTT and gastric emptying (GE) when lactulose in liquid (L-L), solid lactulose (L-S) and solid inulin (IN-S) are added to a test meal, and subsequently, to examine if inulin alters GE. Firstly, ten male volunteers were tested on three occasions. Volunteers ate a pancake breakfast containing 100 mg of 13C-octanoic acid and either 12 g of L-L, 12 g of L-S or 12 g of IN-S in a randomised order. Secondly, seven male volunteers were tested twice with meals containing either 12 g of IN-S or no substrate (NO-S). L-L induced the shortest OCTT (85·3 (sd 42·8) min) compared with L-S (162·4 (sd 62·6) min) and inulin (292·4 (sd 66·7) min; P = 0·007). GE half-time and lag phase (L-L: 61 (sd 9); L-S: 57 (sd 10); IN-S: 52 (sd 10) min; P = 0·005) were also affected, with L-L being the slowest. Thirdly, inulin reduced GE lag and latency phases (P < 0·05) compared with NO-S. Lactulose accelerates OCTT but delays GE compared with inulin. Inulin accelerates the onset of stomach emptying, but it has no effect on GE half-time. For these reasons, inulin is the preferred substrate for the H2 breath test.

Effect of Solid-Meal Caloric Content on Gastric Emptying Kinetics of Solids and Liquids

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Siegel ◽  
L. Mortelmans ◽  
E. van Cutsem ◽  
V. van den Maegdenbergh ◽  
M. de Roo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Solid Meal ◽  
Liquid Component ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kinetics Of

In this study, we have evaluated the effect of the caloric content of a physiological test meal on the gastric emptying kinetics of solids and liquids. 22 healthy male volunteers were studied in two groups matched for age. After an overnight fast, each volunteer underwent the same test procedure; in the first group (G I), 10 volunteers received a meal consisting of bread,111In-DTPA water and 1 scrambled egg labeled with 99mTc-labelled sulphur colloid; in the second group (G II) 12 volunteers were given the same meal but with 2 labeled eggs in order to increase the caloric content of the solid phase meal. Simultaneous anterior and posterior images were recorded using a dualheaded gamma camera. Solid and liquid geometric mean data were analyzed to determine the lag phase, the emptying rate and the half-emptying time for both solids and liquids. Solid and liquid gastric half-emptying times were significantly prolonged in G II compared to G I volunteers. For the solid phased, the delay was accounted for by a longer lag phase and a decrease in the equilibrium emptying rate. The emptying rate of the liquid phase was significantly decreased in G II compared to G I. Within each group, no statistically significant difference was observed between solid and liquid emptying rates. We conclude that the caloric content of the solid portion of a meal not only alters the emptying of the solid phase but also affects the emptying of the liquid component of the meal.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document