Acceleration of gastric emptying with electrical stimulation in a canine model of gastroparesis

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (5) ◽  
pp. G826-G834 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Bellahsene ◽  
C. D. Lind ◽  
B. D. Schirmer ◽  
O. L. Updike ◽  
R. W. McCallum
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Intrinsic Frequency ◽  
Solid Meal ◽  
Bipolar Electrodes ◽  
Stimulation Of

We investigated the effects of electrical stimulation of the stomach on gastric emptying and the electrical activity of the stomach in 10 dogs. A model of gastroparesis was developed in five dogs using truncal vagotomy combined with injections of glucagon. Glucagon also induced electrical dysrhythmias. Bipolar electrodes were implanted in the stomach and the duodenum for electrical stimulation and for recording electrogastrograms. Gastric emptying of an isotope-labeled solid meal was assessed for 2 h. External electrical stimulation was delivered to the corpus of the stomach at its own physiological frequency to investigate whether it could restore normal gastric emptying. Such stimulation had no significant effect on gastric emptying in intact animals (45 vs. 43%: retention of isotope after 2 h) or when only vagotomy was performed (78 vs. 66%), but it significantly accelerated gastric emptying in animals with vagotomy and glucagon (from 86 to 68%). From this model of delayed gastric emptying, we suggest that electrical stimulation of the stomach at its own intrinsic frequency may recoordinate uncoupled slow wave activity induced by glucagon after vagotomy thus improving the rate of gastric emptying.

Human urocortin II, a new CRF-related peptide, displays selective CRF2-mediated action on gastric transit in rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (1) ◽  
pp. G34-G40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Million ◽  
Céline Maillot ◽  
Paul Saunders ◽  
Jean Rivier ◽  
Wylie Vale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Colonic Transit ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Solid Meal ◽  
Mediated Action ◽  
Conscious Rats ◽  
Stimulation Of

Human urocortin (hUcn) II is a new member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family that selectively binds to the CRF2receptor. We investigated the CRF receptors involved in mediating the effects of hUcn II and human/rat CRF (h/rCRF) on gut transit. Gastric emptying, 4 h after a solid meal, and distal colonic transit (bead expulsion time) were monitored simultaneously in conscious rats. CRF antagonists were given subcutaneously 30 min before intravenous injection of peptides or partial restraint (for 90 min). hUcn II (3 or 10 μg/kg iv) inhibited gastric emptying (by 45% and 55%, respectively) and did not influence distal colonic transit. The CRF2 peptide antagonist astressin2-B blocked hUcn II action. h/rCRF, rat Ucn, and restraint delayed gastric emptying while accelerating distal colonic transit. The gastric response to intravenous h/rCRF and restraint was blocked by the CRF2 antagonist but not by the CRF1 antagonist CP-154,526, whereas the colonic response was blocked only by CP-154,526. None of the CRF antagonists influenced postprandial gut transit. These data show that intravenous h/rCRF and restraint stress-induced delayed gastric emptying involve CRF2 whereas stimulation of distal colonic transit involves CRF1. The distinct profile of hUcn II, only on gastric transit, is linked to its CRF2 selectivity.

scholarly journals Co-Ordination of Pedal-Disk Detachment in the Sea Anemone Calliactis Parasitica

1969 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-396
Author(s):  
I. D. MCFARLANE
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Conduction System ◽  
Identical Stimulus ◽  
Slow Conduction ◽  
Calliactis Parasitica ◽  
Behavioural Sequence ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Electrical activity has been recorded from the sphincter region of Calliactis parasitica during the behavioural sequence in which the anemone detaches from the substrate and attaches to a Buccinum shell. The ectodermal slow-conduction system (SS1) fires repetitively, the majority of observed pulses occurring in the period prior to detachment (a typical example is 25 SS1pulses at an average frequency of 1 pulse/7 sec.). Shell-tentacle contact is essential for stimulation of SS1activity. 2. Mechanical stimulation of the column excites the SS1, and 30 stimuli at a frequency of about one shock/5 sec. give pedal disk detachment. 3. Electrical stimulation of the ectoderm excites the SS1and about 30 stimuli at frequencies between one shock/3 sec. and one shock/9 sec. produce detachment. Detachment and the SS1 have an identical stimulus threshold. It is concluded that detachment is co-ordinated by the SS1.

Two-Channel Gastric Electrical Stimulation Accelerates Delayed Gastric Emptying Induced by Vasopressin

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gengqing Song ◽  
Xiaohua Hou ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Jinsong Liu ◽  
Wei Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Electrical Stimulation

Control of shell settling in the swimming sea anemone Stomphia coccinea

1976 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-429
Author(s):  
I. D. Lawn
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Conduction System ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Interpulse Interval ◽  
Slow Conduction ◽  
Behavioural Sequence ◽  
Pedal Disc ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Electrical activity has been recorded from Stomphia coccinea during the behavioural sequence in which the detached anemone settles on to a Modiolus shell. 2. When a responsive tentacle contacts the shell, a short, complex burst of pulses is elicited. These remain confined to the region of contact. The endodermal slow-conduction system (SS2) then begins to fire repetitively (a typical example is 16 SS2 pulses at a mean interpulse interval of 5 s) until the pedal disc begins to inflate. Shell-tentacle contact is essential for stimulation of SS2 activity. 3. The complete response, apart from local bending of the column, may be reproduced by electrical stimulation of the SS2 alone. As few as 10 stimuli at frequencies between 1 shock/s and 1 shock/10 s are required to elicit the response.

Effects of posture on gastric emptying and satiety ratings after a nutritive liquid and solid meal

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. R684-R694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Spiegel ◽  
Harry Fried ◽  
Christine D. Hubert ◽  
Steven R. Peikin ◽  
Jeffry A. Siegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Head Start ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Solid Meal ◽  
Intestinal Receptors ◽  
Tomato Soup ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Emptying Time

To study the effects of posture and meal structure on gastric emptying and satiety, nine women ingested tomato soup and then immediately or 20 min later an egg sandwich, when seated and when supine. The lag time was not different, but the half-emptying time of the sandwich was 32% longer ( P < 0.01) and the emptying rate after the lag phase was 39% slower ( P < 0.01) when the subjects were supine than when they were seated. The half-emptying time of the soup was 50% longer ( P < 0.01) when the subjects were supine and ingested the soup immediately before the sandwich than in the other three conditions. Postprandial hunger ratings recovered more slowly ( P < 0.01) when the subjects ingested the soup 20 min before the sandwich than when they ingested the soup immediately before the sandwich. These results suggest that posture did not affect the intragastric distribution of the sandwich but affected propulsion of the meal into the intestine and that postprandial satiety was enhanced by the cumulative effect over time of a 20-min “head start” in stimulation of intestinal receptors by emptying of the soup.

Inhibitory effects of intestinal electrical stimulation on food intake, weight loss and gastric emptying in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (1) ◽  
pp. R78-R82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieyun Yin ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Jiande DZ Chen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Intestinal Electrical Stimulation

The aim was to investigate the effects of intestinal electrical stimulation (IES) on food intake, body weight, and gastric emptying in rats. An experiment on food intake and weight change was performed in 22 rats on a control diet and 10 diet-induced obese (DIO) rats for 4 wk with IES or sham IES. The effect of IES on gastric emptying was performed in another 20 rats in the control group. We found that 1) in control rats, 4-wk IES resulted in a reduction of 18.2% in the total amount of food intake compared with sham-IES ( P = 0.02); the rats treated with IES had a weight change of −1 ± 7.8g ( P = 0.03), which was equivalent to a weight loss of 6.2% due to IES when adjusted for normal growing. 2) Acute IES delayed gastric emptying by 20% in the control rats ( P < 0.01). 3) In the DIO rats, 1-wk IES with the same parameters as those used in the control rats resulted in a significant reduction in the total amount of food intake (126.6 ± 6.3 g vs. 116.9 ± 3.2 g, P < 0.01). More reduction in food intake was noted, and a significant weight change was also observed when stimulation energy was increased. 4) No adverse events were observed in any of the experiments. In conclusion, IES delays gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and decreases weight gain in control growing rats. These data suggest that it is worthy to explore therapeutic potentials of IES for obesity.

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