Temporal-specific and spatial-specific patterns of neurotensin gene expression in the small bowel

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. G875-G882 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Evers ◽  
J. A. Ehrenfried ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
C. M. Townsend ◽  
J. C. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Neuromedin N

Expression of the neurotensin/neuromedin N (NT/N) gene is developmentally regulated in a temporal- and spatial-specific pattern in the small bowel. The purpose of our study was to determine 1) whether the temporal expression of NT/N could be altered by ectopic placement of small bowel and 2) whether the spatial-specific expression of NT/N could be altered by different diets. We found that the relative temporal pattern of NT/N expression was unchanged in rat jejunal and ileal xenografts implanted into the flanks of athymic nude mice. To determine whether the spatial-specific pattern of NT/N expression could be altered by different luminal nutrients, 28-day-old rats were randomized to receive chow or chemically defined liquid diets for 60 days at which time the jejunoileum was divided into eight equal segments, and NT/N expression was analyzed. The normal pattern of increasing levels of NT/N mRNA along the jejunum-to-ileum axis was not altered by any of the liquid diets. In contrast to NT/N, we found that expression of sucrase-isomaltase varied greatly depending on both location and type of luminal nutrients. We conclude that the strict temporal- and spatial-specific pattern of NT/N expression is not affected by either location or luminal contents, thus suggesting an intrinsic program of NT/N gene expression. Furthermore, we speculate that the NT/N gene may provide a useful endocrine paradigm to investigate the factors regulating the establishment and maintenance of certain cell lineage-specific patterns along the cephalocaudal axis of the gut.

Differential expression of the neurotensin gene in the developing rat and human gastrointestinal tract

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. G482-G490 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Evers ◽  
S. Rajaraman ◽  
D. H. Chung ◽  
C. M. Townsend ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Topographical Distribution ◽  
Neuromedin N ◽  
Developing Rat

Neurotensin (NT) is an important hormone regulating gut motility, secretion, and growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the developmental expression of the NT/neuromedin N gene (NT/N) in the gut and pancreas of rats and humans. We found that NT/N expression, initially low in the fetal rat jejunum and ileum, is increased by postnatal day 3. This increase is independent of contact with luminal nutrients as demonstrated by elevated NT/N expression in rat jejunoileal grafts implanted in nude mice. NT/N expression reaches maximal levels in the small bowel by postnatal day 14. After postnatal day 28, NT/N mRNA levels remain constant in the ileum but decrease in the jejunum. Transient NT/N expression is found in the colon of fetal and postnatal rats. Similar to the rat, NT/N expression is low in the human fetal ileum but increases in the adult. In the human colon, NT/N is transiently expressed in the fetus at midgestation but disappears by birth and, similarly, is not apparent in the adult. We conclude the following. 1) The NT/N gene demonstrates a complex pattern of tissue-specific expression; the jejunum and ileum show a similar pattern of expression until the end of the fourth postnatal week, when NT/N levels decrease in the jejunum to assume the distinctive adult topographical distribution with NT/N increasing along the jejunoileal axis. 2) NT/N is transiently expressed in the colon of rats and humans during a developmental stage characterized by morphological and functional similarities to the small bowel; therefore, NT/N may provide a useful endocrine marker to further define the complex differentiation pathway leading to small bowel and colonic phenotypes.

scholarly journals Lithium dramatically potentiates neurotensin/neuromedin N gene expression.

1988 ◽  
Vol 263 (28) ◽  
pp. 13983-13986
Author(s):  
P R Dobner ◽  
A S Tischler ◽  
Y C Lee ◽  
S R Bloom ◽  
S R Donahue
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Neuromedin N

Stage-specific expression of a developmentally regulated gene in Dirofilaria immitis

1992 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sun ◽  
T. Matsuura ◽  
K. Sugane
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cdna Clone ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

ABSTRACTA previously reported cDNA clone encoding 34 kDa antigenic polypeptide of Dirofilaria immitis (λ cD34) was studied to elucidate the mechanism of stage-specific gene expression. The 34 kDa polypeptide was a larva-specific antigen and the mRNA was detectable in microfilariae but not in adult worms and eggs. The λ cD34 gene was not sex linked and was contained in the genome of D. immitis at each stage. The stage-specific expression of the developmentally regulated gene in D. immitis may be controlled primarily at the mRNA level.

Developmental-stage-specific expression of the hsp70 gene family during differentiation of the mammalian male germ line

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1791-1796
Author(s):  
Z F Zakeri ◽  
D J Wolgemuth
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Hsp70 Gene ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Hsp70 Mrna ◽  
Somatic Tissues ◽  
Exogenous Stress

Mouse somatic tissues contain low levels of transcripts homologous to the heat shock-inducible and cognate members of the heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) gene family. An abundant, unique sized hsp70 mRNA of 2.7 kilobases (kb) is present in testes in the absence of exogenous stress. Its expression is restricted to germ cells and is developmentally regulated. The 2.7-kb transcript first appears during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis and is stable throughout the morphogenic stages of spermiogenesis. A 2.7-kb hsp70 mRNA is present in rat and human testes. These observations suggest that a member of the hsp70 gene family plays a role in the development of the mammalian male germ cell lineage.

The mouse Runx1 +23 hematopoietic stem cell enhancer confers hematopoietic specificity to both Runx1 promoters

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (21) ◽  
pp. 5121-5124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bee ◽  
Emma L.K. Ashley ◽  
Sorrel R.B. Bickley ◽  
Andrew Jarratt ◽  
Pik-Shan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Reporter Gene ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Reporter Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Promoters ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Abstract The transcription factor Runx1 plays a pivotal role in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) emergence, and studies into its transcriptional regulation should give insight into the critical steps of HSC specification. Recently, we identified the Runx1 +23 enhancer that targets reporter gene expression to the first emerging HSCs of the mouse embryo when linked to the heterologous hsp68 promoter. Endogenous Runx1 is transcribed from 2 alternative promoters, P1 and P2. Here, we examined the in vivo cis-regulatory potential of these alternative promoters and asked whether they act with and contribute to the spatiotemporal specific expression of the Runx1 +23 enhancer. Our results firmly establish that, in contrast to zebrafish runx1, mouse Runx1 promoter sequences do not confer any hematopoietic specificity in transgenic embryos. Yet, both mouse promoters act with the +23 enhancer to drive reporter gene expression to sites of HSC emergence and colonization, in a +23-specific pattern.

scholarly journals Characterization of promoter elements required for cell-specific expression of the neurotensin/neuromedin N gene in a human endocrine cell line.

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 3870-3881 ◽  
Author(s):  
B M Evers ◽  
X Wang ◽  
Z Zhou ◽  
C M Townsend ◽  
G P McNeil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Endocrine Cell ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Response Element ◽  
High Level ◽  
Neuromedin N ◽  
Bon Cells

Expression of the gene encoding neurotensin/neuromedin N (NT/N) is mostly limited to the brain and specialized enteroendocrine cells (N cells) of the distal small intestine. We have analyzed the NT/N DNA sequences upstream of the RNA start site that direct cell-specific expression using a novel human endocrine cell line, BON, that resembles intestinal N cells in several important aspects, including NT/N precursor protein processing, ratios of different NT/N mRNA forms, and high levels of constitutive expression of the NT/N gene. Transient transfection assays with plasmids with progressive 5' deletions of the rat NT/N promoter identified the proximal 216 bp of 5' flanking sequences as essential for high-level constitutive NT/N expression in BON cells. In addition, a detailed mutational analysis defined multiple regions within the proximal 216 bp that contribute to cell-specific NT/N expression. These elements include a proximal cyclic AMP response element (CRE)/AP-1-like motif (TGACATCA) that binds c-Jun, JunD, CRE-binding (CREB), and ATF proteins, a near-consensus glucocorticoid response element, and a distal consensus AP-1 site that binds c-Fos, Fra-1, and JunD. In addition, elements contained within two 21-bp imperfect direct repeats play an important role in NT/N expression in BON cells and may bind novel factors that act as positive regulators of NT/N expression. DNase I footprinting and gel shift analyses demonstrate that the sites identified by mutational analysis, and at least one additional site, specifically bind BON cell nuclear proteins in vitro. We speculate that a complex pattern of regulation requiring interaction between a proximal CRE/AP-1-like motif and other upstream control elements play an important role in the high-level constitutive expression of NT/N in the human endocrine cell line BON. In addition, the BON cell line provides a unique model to further characterize the factors regulating cell-specific NT/N expression and to better understand the mechanisms responsible for the terminal differentiation of the N-cell lineage in the gut.

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