Modification of force-interval relations during early adaptation to pressure overload in dogs

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (6) ◽  
pp. H1506-H1513
Author(s):  
B. Crozatier ◽  
L. Hittinger ◽  
M. Chavance
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Atrial Pacing ◽  
Force Frequency ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
Calculated Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume ◽  
Ejection Pressure

Ventricular function was analyzed in the end-systolic and end-ejection pressure-volume diagrams in seven conscious dogs during acute aortic stenosis (AS) and sustained stenosis (SS) 24 h later. Dogs were previously instrumented with a left ventricular micromanometer and ultrasonic crystals measuring left ventricular major and minor axes and parietal wall thickness. The end-ejection pressure-calculated volume points were significantly shifted to the left during SS as compared with those obtained during AS both during a regular atrial pacing (150 beats/min) and during spontaneous heart rate. Postpacing beats were not different during AS and SS. During AS, end-systolic volume was larger after short intervals (SI) between beats (22.5 +/- 1.6 ml) than after long intervals (LI; 20.8 +/- 1.7 ml) for a smaller end-systolic pressure (P less than 0.001). This difference was minimal during SS. When SS was compared with AS, the end-systolic and end-ejection pressure-volume points were significantly shifted to the left after SI but not after LI. This suggests an acceleration of the restitution process during SS that modifies ventricular force-frequency relations and increases ventricular function as compared with AS, particularly for high heart rates.

scholarly journals Echocardiography of right ventricular-arterial coupling predicts survival of elderly patients with heart failure and reduced to mid-range ejection fraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Marco Rosa ◽  
Andreina D'Agostino ◽  
Stefano Giovinazzo ◽  
Giovanni La Malfa ◽  
Paolo Fontanive ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Echocardiography of right ventricular (RV)-arterial coupling obtained by the estimation of the ratio of the longitudinal annular systolic excursion of the tricuspid annular plane and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (TAPSE/PASP) has been found to be a remarkable prognostic indicator in patients with HF. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of TAPSE, PASP and their ratio in the prognostic stratification of outpatients with HF aged ≥70 years and reduced to mid-range ejection fraction (EF). A complete echocardiographic examination was performed in 400 outpatients with chronic HF and left ventricular (LV) EF ≤50% who averaged 77 years in age. During a median follow-up period of 25 months (interquartile range: 8-46), there were 135 cardiovascular deaths. Two different Cox regression models were evaluated, one including TAPSE and PASP, separately, and the other with TAPSE/PASP. In the first model, LV end-systolic volume index, age, no angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor use, TAPSE, PASP and gender were found to be independently associated with the outcome after adjustment for demographics, clinical, biochemical, echocardiographic data. In the second model, TAPSE/PASP resulted the most important independent predictor of outcome (hazard ratio [HR]:0.07, p<0.0001) followed by LV end-systolic volume index, no ACE inhibitor use, age and gender. The use of the variable TASPE/PASP improved the predictive value of the new multivariable model (area under the curve [AUC] of 0.74 vs AUC of 0.71; p<0.05). TASPE/PASP improved the net reclassification (NRI = 14.7%; p<0.01) and the integrated discrimination (IDI = 0.04; p<0.01). In conclusion, the study findings showed that assessment of RV-arterial coupling by TAPSE/PASP was of major importance to assess the prognosis of patients with chronic HF and LV EF ≤50% aged ≥70 years.

Dimensional analysis of the left ventricle: effects of acute aortic regurgitation

1975 ◽  
Vol 228 (2) ◽  
pp. 536-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Leshin ◽  
LD Horwitz ◽  
JH Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Aortic Regurgitation ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
Severe Aortic Regurgitation ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
Catheter Technique ◽  
End Systolic Volume

The effects of acute severe aortic regurgitation on the left ventricle were investigated in conscious, chronically instrumented dogs. Left ventricular dimensions and volumes were measured from biplane cineradiographs of beads positioned near the endocardium. Data were collected before and after the production of aortic regurgitation by a catheter technique. The aortic regurgitation resulted in increases in mean aortic pulse pressure from 44 to 73 mmHg (P smaller than 0.001), heart rate from 87 to 122 beats/min (P smaller than 0.02), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure from 11 to 25 mmHg (P smaller than 0.05). Mean end-diastolic volume rose from 61 to 69 cc (P smaller than 0.001), while end-systolic volume remained unchanged at 37 cc. The end-diastolic dilatation following regurgitation was asymmetrical in that the increase in size was due principally to an increase in the septal-lateral axis. The acute volume load of aortic regurgitation was accomplished by an increase in end-diastolic volume, i.e., the Frank-Starling mechanism. The tachycardia probably reflects augmented cardiac sympathetic activity, but the constant end-systolic volume at a similar mean systolic pressure suggests that the net contractile state was unchanged.

Left ventricular end-systolic volume index in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy predicts postoperative ventricular function

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1059-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Yamaguchi ◽  
Takashi Ino ◽  
Hideo Adachi ◽  
Akihiro Mizuhara ◽  
Seiichiro Murata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Ischemic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume

Ketanserin Alone and in Combination with Enalapril in the Treatment of Essential Hypertension: Assessment of the Haemodynamic Effects

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
O de Divitiis ◽  
M Galderisi ◽  
A Celentano ◽  
P Tammaro ◽  
M Garofalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Haemodynamic Effects ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
End Systolic Volume ◽  
Blood Pressures

The antihypertensive and haemodynamic efficacies of ketanserin and ketanserin plus enalapril were compared. The monotherapy phase of the study involved the oral administration of 40 mg ketanserin twice daily or 20 mg enalapril once daily for 12 weeks to 25 hypertensive patients. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly reduced by both drugs. Left ventricular function both at rest and during effort improved significantly with either drug. This was due to a reduction of end-systolic volume; end-diastolic volume decreased only with the use of enalapril. Combination therapy, involving 16 patients and both drugs given at the original dosage schedule for 12 weeks, resulted in further reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and an improvement in left ventricular function; indices of diastolic function were not modified. In conclusion, ketanserin and enalapril showed comparable antihypertensive and haemodynamic activities. A combination of ketanserin and enalapril increased the favourable characteristics of both drugs.

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