Factors affecting gastric secretion in thoracic-duct lymph of dogs

Thoracic-duct lymph was collected from dogs during various phases of gastric secretion. The lymph samples were injected intravenously into dogs with vagally innervated and denervated pouches while these were secreting at slow rates in response to the continuous intravenous injection of small quantities of histamine. About half the samples inhibited gastric secretion. The rest produced transient stimulation or had no effect. The greatest degree of inhibition occurred when lymph collected immediately after a meal was injected. When fatty lymph was separated into fat and nonfat fractions, the fat-containing portion of lymph stimulated gastric secretion slightly, while the nonfat fraction carried the inhibitory influence when it was present. Systemic reactions were noted in one-third of the animals that had an inhibitory response. The occurrence of stimulatory or inhibitory factors in the lymph did not appear to be related to particular phases of gastric secretion.

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Effect of endotoxin on capillary permeability to macromolecules

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1964.207.3.518 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 207 (3) ◽

pp. 518-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

S. Chien ◽

D. G. Sinclair ◽

R. J. Dellenback ◽

C. Chang ◽

B. Peric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Intravenous Injection ◽

Thoracic Duct ◽

Capillary Permeability ◽

Lymph Flow ◽

Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽

E Coli ◽

Duct Lymph ◽

Endogenous Proteins

The intravenous injection of Escherichia coli endotoxin (3 mg/kg) into dogs caused an increase in lymph flow from the thoracic duct. The lymph concentrations of macromolecules (dextran with mol. wt. of 250,000, albumin-I131, and endogenous proteins) increased and the lymph-to-plasma ratios approached 1. These results indicate that E. coli endotoxin causes an increase in capillary permeability to both the fluid and the macromolecules in plasma. The increase in capillary permeability for albumin-I131 was greater than that for dextran with mol. wt. of 250,000. Eighty minutes after endotoxin, the lymph flow returned to normal, but albumin-I131 and dextran injected at this time were still transferred into the thoracic duct lymph at enhanced rates.

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MIGRATION OF LYMPHOCYTES AND THYMOCYTES IN THE RAT

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.127.1.155 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 127 (1) ◽

pp. 155-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 111

Author(s):

Irving Goldschneider ◽

Douglas D. McGregor

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Intravenous Injection ◽

Thoracic Duct ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Lymphoid Tissue ◽

Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽

White Pulp ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Duct Lymph ◽

Splenic White Pulp

The cellular deficit in rats thymectomized at birth is primarily one of circulating small lymphocytes. The lymphocyte deficiency is similar to that induced in adult rats by chronic drainage from a thoracic duct fistula. In both cases, the animals show a reduction of small lymphocytes in peripheral blood, thoracic duct lymph, and in circumscribed areas of lymphoid tissue. The lympocyte deficiency in lymphoid tissue can be corrected by an intravenous injection of thoracic duct lymphocytes. The evidence suggests that the deficiency is corrected by small lymphocytes. Small lymphocytes pass from blood to lymphoid tissue along a route which includes the marginal sinus in splenic white pulp and postcapillary venules in the cortex of lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. Neither the ability of small lymphocytes to colonize lymphoid tissue nor their ability to traverse postcapillary venules are thymus-dependent phenomena. However, movement of small lymphocytes across postcapillary venules appears to modify the structure of endothelium. Intravenously injected small thymocytes migrate to lymphoid tissue in smaller numbers than small lymphocytes inoculated by the same route. The few thymocytes which localize in lymphoid tissue follow the same pathway as circulating small lymphocytes.

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The Appearance of Labeled Cells in the Thoracic Duct Lymph of the Guinea Pig after the Administration of Tritiated Thymidine

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v15.1.82.82 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 82-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

N. B. EVERETT ◽

W. O. REINHARDT ◽

J. M. YOFFEY

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Guinea Pig ◽

Intravenous Injection ◽

Thoracic Duct ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Tritiated Thymidine ◽

Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽

Duct Lymph ◽

Cell Series ◽

Sequential Appearance

Abstract Tritium-labeled thymidine was given by either intraperitoneal or intravenous injection to 13 male guinea pigs of approximately 400 Gm. weight. At times varying from 1 hour to 30 days after the administration of thymidine, thoracic duct lymph was obtained and examined for the presence of labeled cells. After a single dose of thymidine, a steady stream of labeled lymphocytes, ranging from 2 to 7 per cent of the total cells, enters the blood over the period studied. The intensity of the labeling appears to diminish gradually. Labeled large and medium lymphocytes were found in the lymph during the first hour. Labeled small lymphocytes began to appear in the fourth hour, in small numbers, and thereafter increased, whereas the proportion of labeled large and medium lymphocytes steadily diminished. This sequential appearance of large, medium and small lymphocytes is interpreted as indicating the pattern of development of the cell series. The labeled small lymphocytes appearing in the lymph are considered to be newly formed from precursor cells located in the various lymphatic tissues.

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LYMPHOCYTES IN THORACIC DUCT, INTESTINAL AND HEPATIC LYMPH

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v5.2.177.177 ◽

1950 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 177-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

JOSEPH D. MANN ◽

GEORGE M. HIGGINS ◽

EMERY VAN HOOK

Keyword(s):

Intravenous Injection ◽

Thoracic Duct ◽

Rat Plasma ◽

Lymph Flow ◽

Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽

Daily Output ◽

Intestinal Lymph ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Duct Lymph ◽

Number Of Cells

Abstract In rats whose intestinal or thoracic duct lymph was drained externally for several days, lymphopenia occurred. Large numbers of cells were collected in the lymph each day, as many, apparently, from the intestinal lymph alone as from the thoracic duct. Hepatic lymph contributed relatively few cells. Augmentation of lymph flow decreased the concentration of cells in the lymph but did not affect the total number of cells collected each day. Fasting for several days likewise did not decrease the first day’s output. With each day’s lymph flow, however, the daily output of cells spontaneously decreased. The decrease was not prevented by the intravenous injection of fresh lymph or of fresh rat plasma in large amounts. In view of this unexplained effect, one must be cautious in interpreting the results of experiments on the lymph lymphocyte.

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The role of thoracic duct lymph in gastrin transport and gastric secretion

Gut ◽

10.1136/gut.14.1.30 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 30-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. G. Clendinnen ◽

D. D. Reeder ◽

J. C. Thompson

Keyword(s):

Gastric Secretion ◽

Thoracic Duct ◽

Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽

Duct Lymph

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THE EMIGRATION OF PNEUMOCOCCI TYPE III FROM THE BLOOD INTO THE THORACIC DUCT LYMPH OF RABBITS, AND THE SURVIVAL OF THESE ORGANISMS IN THE LYMPH FOLLOWING INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF SPECIFIC ANTISERUM

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.62.6.849 ◽

1935 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 849-860 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Cecil K. Drinker ◽

John F. Enders ◽

Morris F. Shaffer ◽

Octa C. Leigh

Keyword(s):

Intravenous Injection ◽

Thoracic Duct ◽

Intact Animal ◽

Horse Serum ◽

High Titre ◽

Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽

Type Iii ◽

Virulent Type ◽

Duct Lymph ◽

Living Organisms

1. Rabbits injected intravenously with a large dose of a virulent Type III Pneumococcus develop a bacteremia, and within an hour organisms may be cultivated from the thoracic duct lymph. The rapidity with which entrance into the lymph occurs appears to be correlated with the size of the dose injected. 2. The organisms may become more numerous in the lymph than in the blood. 3. If homologous or heterologous antisera are injected, the blood may be sterilized, but though the organisms may be lessened in the lymph, sterilization at least within 4 hours is not secured, and in the intact animal living organisms must continue to enter the blood with the thoracic duct lymph. 4. In infected rabbits after intravenous injection of considerable quantities of antisera containing moderate amounts of agglutinin, no antibody appears in the thoracic duct lymph although the presence of horse serum may be detected. The injection of a very large quantity of antiserum containing a high titre of agglutinin is followed by the penetration of antibody into the lymph. This, however, has failed to sterilize the lymph or to permanently affect the rate of multiplication of the pneumococci.

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Factors Affecting Lipid Output and Flow of Thoracic Duct Lymph in Newborn Calves

Australian Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.1071/bi9711309 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 1309 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

JM Gooden ◽

MR Brandon ◽

PE Hartmann ◽

AK Lascelles

Keyword(s):

Thoracic Duct ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Isotonic Saline ◽

Lipid Absorption ◽

Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Fat Globules ◽

Duct Lymph ◽

Milk Fat Globules ◽

Newborn Calves

The factors affecting lipid absorption in unanaesthetized calves less than 24 hr old have been studied by comparing the output of lipid in the thoracic duct lymph of calves fed one of the following diets: (1) colostrum, in which the colostral fat was replaced with milk fat globules; (2) milk; (3) colostral whey containing milk fat globules; (4) isotonic saline containing milk fat globules. The animals were fed after they had recovered sufficiently from the operation to stand and suck from a nipple feeder.

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