Effect of temperature on erythropoiesis and red cell survival in the frog

1962 ◽  
Vol 203 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Cline ◽  
T. A. Waldmann
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

The effect of environmental temperature on erythropoiesis and erythrocyte life span was studied in frogs maintained at 4 C or 24–26 C. The red cell incorporation of radioiron was used as an index of the rate of erythropoiesis and diisopropylfluorophosphate-P32 was used to measure red cell survival. The red cell life span in frogs kept at 24–26 C was approximately 200 days. The incorporation of Fe59 into circulating red cells during the first 10 days after isotope administration was significantly greater in frogs at 24–26 C than in frogs at 4 C. The peripheral hematocrit decreased in groups of frogs kept at 4 C during the period of observation. The inconstancy of the hematocrit and presumably of the total red cell volume did not permit any definite conclusions regarding the apparently longer erythrocyte life span at low environmental temperatures.

Quantitative measurement of erythropoiesis in the dog

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Weissman ◽  
T. A. Waldmann ◽  
N. I. Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival

The quantitative measurement of erythropoiesis requires the simultaneous determination of total red cell volume, rate of production of red cells and the red cell life span. The total red cell volume was measured with autologous Cr51-labeled red cells, the rate of production of red cells from the rate of disappearance of radioiron from the plasma and uptake by red cells, the red cell life span with C14-labeled glycine and the apparent red cell survival T1/2 with Cr51. The average total red cell volume of the dogs studied was 38.6 cc/kg; the plasma radioiron T1/2 was 66 minutes; the red cell radio-iron uptake was 80%; the serum iron was 102 µg/100 cc, and the plasma volume calculated from the peripheral hematocrit and total red cell volume was 46 cc/kg, and from the extrapolation to t0 of the radioiron disappearance was 48 cc/kg. From these figures the plasma iron turnover was calculated to be 0.63 mg/kg/day and the red cell iron renewal rate 1.26%/day. The average red cell life span was 108 days; the average apparent T1/2 of Cr51 red cell survival was 24.3 days; the average elution rate of Cr51 was 1.77%/day.

THE EFFECT OF SULPHAEMOGLOBIN ON RED CELL VIABILITY

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1171-1181
Author(s):  
L. G. Israels ◽  
A. Chutorian ◽  
G. E. Delory ◽  
Esther Israels
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Disappearance Rate ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Calcium Sulphide ◽  
True Measure

Sulphaemoglobinaemia was produced in rabbits by the injection of para-aminopropriophenone and calcium sulphide. The disappearance of this pigment from the blood was used as an index of red cell survival. Sulphaemoglobin disappeared in an exponential fashion, indicating a mean red cell life span of 36 days. The red cells were also tagged with Cr51, and this method of measuring erythrocyte life span yielded values strongly suggesting that sulphaemoglobin in the red cell impairs its viability and leads to random cell destruction. Under these conditions it would seem that the disappearance rate of sulphaemoglobin is not a true measure of red cell survival.

THE EFFECT OF SULPHAEMOGLOBIN ON RED CELL VIABILITY

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1171-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Israels ◽  
A. Chutorian ◽  
G. E. Delory ◽  
Esther Israels
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Disappearance Rate ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Calcium Sulphide ◽  
True Measure

Sulphaemoglobinaemia was produced in rabbits by the injection of para-aminopropriophenone and calcium sulphide. The disappearance of this pigment from the blood was used as an index of red cell survival. Sulphaemoglobin disappeared in an exponential fashion, indicating a mean red cell life span of 36 days. The red cells were also tagged with Cr51, and this method of measuring erythrocyte life span yielded values strongly suggesting that sulphaemoglobin in the red cell impairs its viability and leads to random cell destruction. Under these conditions it would seem that the disappearance rate of sulphaemoglobin is not a true measure of red cell survival.

scholarly journals Evaluation of extracorporeal alkylation of red cells as a potential treatment for sickle cell anemia

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Charache ◽  
R Dreyer ◽  
I Zimmerman ◽  
CK Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Alkylating Agent ◽  
Nitrogen Mustard ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Toxic Reactions ◽  
Unacceptable Toxicity

Abstract Nitrogen mustard and nor-nitrogen mustard inhibit sickling, but the concentrations required would be associated with unacceptable toxicity if these agents were administered to patients. Red cells could be treated extracorporeally and infused back into donors, if the alkylating agent could be removed or inactivated, if the treatment per se did not significantly shorten red cell survival, and if viable alkylated lymphocytes could be eliminated from the treated blood. To estimate whether these conditions could be met in a clinical trial, red cells from four dogs were alkylated at 6-wk intervals. No toxic reactions were observed, although not all nor-nitrogen mustard was removed by the washing procedure. Red cell survival was shortened to about half that of control cells, using concentrations of alkylating agent which reduce sickling by 50%. Lymphocytes from treated blood could still exclude trypan blue, but could not be shown to circulate after reinfusion into donor dogs. If alkylating agents are used to treat patients' cells, inhibition of sickling may outweigh the shortening of red cell life span induced by the treatment; blood should probably be irradiated before infusion to avoid administration of alkylated and potentially mutated, but viable, lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Hemoglobin Köln in a Black: Preand PostSplenectomy Red Cell Survival (DF32P and 51Cr) and the Pathogenesis of Hemoglobin Instability

Blood ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Pedersen ◽  
Paul R. McCurdy ◽  
R. N. Wrightstone ◽  
J. B. Wilson ◽  
L. L. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Amino Acid Substitution ◽  
Black Male ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Dimer Formation ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival

Abstract A 17-yr-old black male with hemolysis and pigmenturia but no anemia was found to have hemoglobin Köln (α2β298 val→met [FG5]). Splenectomy was done because of complicating thrombocytopenia. Thrombokinetic studies with 51Cr tagged platelets suggested hypersplenism, and after surgery the platelet count returned to normal. The red cell t ½ 51Cr was more than doubled, but the red cell life span (DF32P) was more modestly improved (30.6 → 47.2 days). The "elution" of 51Cr from the red cells presplenectomy was 5.6%/day, whereas after surgery it was normal (1.9%/day), accounting for the disparity between the survival methods. Study of the isolated cyanferri derivative of hemoglobin Köln by ultracentrifugation at various salt concentrations and various pH’s indicated an increased tendency to dimer formation under conditions where normal hemoglobin is a tetramer. This results from the site and type of amino acid substitution and accounts in part for its instability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of extracorporeal alkylation of red cells as a potential treatment for sickle cell anemia

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
S Charache ◽  
R Dreyer ◽  
I Zimmerman ◽  
CK Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Alkylating Agent ◽  
Nitrogen Mustard ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Toxic Reactions ◽  
Unacceptable Toxicity

Nitrogen mustard and nor-nitrogen mustard inhibit sickling, but the concentrations required would be associated with unacceptable toxicity if these agents were administered to patients. Red cells could be treated extracorporeally and infused back into donors, if the alkylating agent could be removed or inactivated, if the treatment per se did not significantly shorten red cell survival, and if viable alkylated lymphocytes could be eliminated from the treated blood. To estimate whether these conditions could be met in a clinical trial, red cells from four dogs were alkylated at 6-wk intervals. No toxic reactions were observed, although not all nor-nitrogen mustard was removed by the washing procedure. Red cell survival was shortened to about half that of control cells, using concentrations of alkylating agent which reduce sickling by 50%. Lymphocytes from treated blood could still exclude trypan blue, but could not be shown to circulate after reinfusion into donor dogs. If alkylating agents are used to treat patients' cells, inhibition of sickling may outweigh the shortening of red cell life span induced by the treatment; blood should probably be irradiated before infusion to avoid administration of alkylated and potentially mutated, but viable, lymphocytes.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of DFP32 and Cr51 as Methods of Measuring Red Cell Life Span in Man

Blood ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN J. CLINE ◽  
NATHANIEL I. BERLIN
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Survival Studies ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract DFP32 or Cr51 red cell survival studies were performed in 39 patients with hematologic disorders. In each case the erythrocyte life span was also determined using the C14-labeled glycine technic. Good agreement was found between the survival data obtained by the DFP32 and the glycine method. The red cell Cr51 T½ failed to reflect moderate shortening of red cell survival in a significant number of cases when a 25 day half-time was taken as the lower limit of normal. The occasional discrepancy between the erythrocyte life spans obtained with labeled glycine and the Cr51 halftime is probably the result of the limitations of the prevalent method of Cr51 data analysis and of the wide range of Cr51 elution rates in disease. Because of its simplicity and reliability, the DFP32 technics appears to be the method of choice for the determination of red cell survival.

CHANGES IN RED CELL ENZYME ACTIVITY IN RELATION TO RED CELL SURVIVAL IN INFANCY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-375
Author(s):  
Eugene Kaplan ◽  
J. Tyson Tildon
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Cell Enzyme ◽  
Red Cell Survival

The change in activity of red cell G6PDH and AChE in normal full term infants forms a pattern which parallels that of Cr51 red cell life span in the first months of life. These two phenomena, one relating to erythrocyte biochemistry and the other to erythrocyte function, are in keeping with the hypothesis that reduced erythropoiesis after birth results in an older red cell population.

scholarly journals Red cell life span in sickle cell-hemoglobin C disease with a note about sickle cell-hemoglobin O ARAB

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR McCurdy ◽  
L Mahmood ◽  
AS Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Relative Ease ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
The One

Red cell survival was measured in ten subjects with S-C disease and one with S-O Arab (alpha 2 beta 2–121 glu yields lys) disease using both DF32p and 51Cr as tags. Red cell volume was slightly reduced in most patients (87% plus or minus 20% of predicted normal). In nine SC patients, mean red cell life (DF32p) was 28.9 plus or minus 4.0 days. For one SC subject it was significantly longer (47.9 days), as it was for the one with S-O Arab. The S-O Arab subject had irreversibly sickled cells in the peripheral blood, shereas those with SC had few (less than 1/1000 red cells) or none. The S-O Arab hemolysate gelled at a hemmoglobin concentration (16.2 g/100ml) near that for sickle cell anemia hemolysates (15.9 plus or minus 1.0 g/100 ml; n equals 8) but significantly lower than that for SC hemolysates (21.6 plus or minus 1.9 g/100 ml; n equals 5). It seems likely that properties of S-C red cells other than their relative ease of sickling contribute significantly to their rate of hemolysis.

scholarly journals Red cell life span in sickle cell-hemoglobin C disease with a note about sickle cell-hemoglobin O ARAB

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR McCurdy ◽  
L Mahmood ◽  
AS Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Relative Ease ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
The One

Abstract Red cell survival was measured in ten subjects with S-C disease and one with S-O Arab (alpha 2 beta 2–121 glu yields lys) disease using both DF32p and 51Cr as tags. Red cell volume was slightly reduced in most patients (87% plus or minus 20% of predicted normal). In nine SC patients, mean red cell life (DF32p) was 28.9 plus or minus 4.0 days. For one SC subject it was significantly longer (47.9 days), as it was for the one with S-O Arab. The S-O Arab subject had irreversibly sickled cells in the peripheral blood, shereas those with SC had few (less than 1/1000 red cells) or none. The S-O Arab hemolysate gelled at a hemmoglobin concentration (16.2 g/100ml) near that for sickle cell anemia hemolysates (15.9 plus or minus 1.0 g/100 ml; n equals 8) but significantly lower than that for SC hemolysates (21.6 plus or minus 1.9 g/100 ml; n equals 5). It seems likely that properties of S-C red cells other than their relative ease of sickling contribute significantly to their rate of hemolysis.

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