Upper thoracic sympathetic neuron responses to input from urinary bladder afferents

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (3) ◽  
pp. R311-R320 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schondorf ◽  
W. Laskey ◽  
C. Polosa
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Sympathetic Neuron ◽  
Neural Circuitry ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Hypogastric Nerve ◽  
Bladder Afferents ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
Upper Thoracic ◽  
Stimulation Of

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the organization of neural circuitry responsible for the intersegmental transmission of input from urinary bladder afferents to sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPNs). The electrical activity of SPNs was recorded from axons of the cervical sympathetic trunk in anesthetized central nervous system (CNS)-intact and in unanesthetized midcollicular-decerebrate or acute C1 spinal cats. In all three preparations, tonically active SPNs were excited or inhibited by 1) electrical stimulation of myelinated afferents of the pelvic or hypogastric nerve, both of which contain bladder afferents, and 2) spontaneous contraction or distension of the urinary bladder. The SPN responses to bladder distension were abolished by pelvic nerve section. A comparison of responses of SPNs in CNS-intact and acute spinal animals to electrical stimulation of pelvic nerve afferents suggests that both propriospinal and supraspinal circuits are involved in the intersegmental transmission of input from bladder afferents to SPNs.

Reorganization of the innervation of the vas deferens after sympathetic decentralization

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (6) ◽  
pp. R1481-R1488
Author(s):  
K. Kihara ◽  
H. Kakizaki ◽  
W. C. de Groat
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Rat Vas Deferens ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Hypogastric Nerve ◽  
Normal Side ◽  
Efferent Pathways ◽  
Stimulation Of

Reorganization of autonomic efferent pathways to the rat vas deferens was noted after chronic (30 days) sympathetic decentralization produced by hypogastric nerve (HGN) transection. In normal rats, electrical stimulation of the HGN elicited an increase in vasal pressure (VP) bilaterally, whereas pelvic nerve (PN) stimulation did not alter VP. However, after unilateral HGN transection, stimulation of the PN on the transected side but not on the normal side increased VP. The decentralized vas exhibited larger VP responses to stimulation of the contralateral HGN in comparison with the normal vas. After bilateral HGN transection, PN-induced VP responses were elicited at lower stimulus intensities than in rats with unilateral transections. PN-induced VP responses were blocked by hexamethonium and prazosin but were not altered by atropine. Distension of the vas lumen occurred after decentralization. PN-induced VP responses were not detectable in extremely distended vas. These data indicate that, after degeneration of sympathetic preganglionic axons, decentralized adrenergic ganglion cells are reinnervated by parasympathetic or sympathetic preganglionic pathways and that the reinnervation influences vasal function.

scholarly journals Effects of urinary bladder afferents on respiration

1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 826-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schondorf ◽  
C. Polosa
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Burst Activity ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Bladder Afferents ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

The electrical activity of phrenic and recurrent laryngeal motoneurons was recorded during activation of urinary bladder afferents in pentobarbital-anesthetized, paralyzed, artificially ventilated cats. Distension or spontaneous neurogenic contraction of the bladder decreased the amplitude and frequency (bursts/min) of the burst activity in these two nerves. The decrease in frequency was due mainly to a prolongation of the interburst interval (duration of expiration). Similar effects were observed during low-frequency electrical stimulation of pelvic nerve afferents with conduction velocities in the A gamma-A delta range. High-frequency stimulation of pelvic nerve afferents increased the amplitude of the burst activity in these two nerves. These results suggest an action of bladder afferents on the brain stem oscillator controlling respiratory frequency and drive. Some of the excitatory and inhibitory effects of bladder afferents on phrenic motoneurons may be mediated through spinal circuits.

scholarly journals ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF THE URINARY BLADDER

1970 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1069-1075
Author(s):  
Goichi Momose ◽  
Hiroshi Endo ◽  
Hiroyo Ito
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Global Cerebral Vasodilatation Elicited by Focal Electrical Stimulation within the Dorsal Medullary Reticular Formation in Anesthetized Rat

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costantino Iadecola ◽  
Masatsugu Nakai ◽  
Ehud Arbit ◽  
Donald J. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Medullary Reticular Formation ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Vasodilatation ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
Stimulation Of

We examined the effects of electrical stimulation of a restricted area of the dorsal medullary reticular formation (DMRF) on regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in anesthetized (by chloralose), paralyzed (by curare) rats. CBF was measured in tissue samples by the Kety principle, with 14C-iodoantipyrine as indicator. Stimulation of DMRF elicited a widespread, significant increase in CBF in 12 of 13 areas. The increase in flow was greatest in cerebral cortex, up to 240% of control. However, it was also substantially increased in selected regions of telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, and lower brainstem, but not cerebellum. In contrast, electrical stimulation of the midline (interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus) 1 mm medial to the DMRF did not change CBF. The increase in CBF evoked by DMRF stimulation persisted after transection of the spinal cord at C1 or cervical sympathetic trunk. We conclude that excitation of neurons originating in or passing through the DMRF can elicit a potent and virtually global increase of CBF. The effect appears to be mediated by intrinsic pathways of the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Effect of distal esophageal irritation on the changes of cystometry parameters to esophagus and colon distentions in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 766-772
Author(s):  
Ezidin G. Kaddumi
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Bladder Function ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Pressure Amplitude ◽  
Chemical Irritation ◽  
Stimulation Of

The coexistence of different visceral pathologies in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome, interstitial cystitis, and other pathologies, necessitates the study of these pathologies under complicated conditions. In the present study, cystometry recordings were used to investigate the effect of distal esophageal chemical irritation on the urinary bladder interaction with distal colon distention, distal esophageal distention, and electrical stimulation of abdominal branches of vagus nerve. Distal esophageal chemical irritation significantly decreased the intercontraction time via decreasing the voiding time. Also, distal esophageal chemical irritation significantly decreased the pressure amplitude by decreasing the maximum pressure. Following distal esophageal chemical irritation, distal esophageal distention was able to significantly decrease the intercontraction time by decreasing the storage time. However, 3 mL distal colon distention significantly increased the intercontraction time by increasing the storage time. On the other hand, following distal esophageal chemical irritation, electrical stimulation of abdominal branches of vagus nerve did not have any significant effect on intercontraction time. However, electrical stimulation of abdominal branches of vagus nerve significantly increased the pressure amplitude by increasing the maximum pressure. The results of this study demonstrate that urinary bladder function and interaction of bladder with other viscera can be affected by chemical irritation of distal esophagus.

Cholinergic stimulation and blockade on urinary bladder

1961 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo Gyermek
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Relative Potency ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Cholinergic Stimulation ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Parasympathetic Nerve

The relative potency and mode of action of some cholinomimetics were investigated on the pelvic nerve-bladder preparation of the dog and cat. Most of the cholinomimetic agents used proved to be considerably more potent than acetylcholine (ACh). The peak activity was shown by muscarine and dl-muscarone, which were 100–300 times more potent than ACh. Atropine did not markedly influence the effect of the electrical stimulation on the pelvic nerve. Atropine also proved to be ineffective against the actions of 1,1-dimethyl,4-phenyl piperazinium iodide, serotonin, histamine, and BaCl2. It antagonized the effects of ACh only moderately, but completely inhibited the effects of muscarine and methacholine. After atropinization, hexamethonium inhibited the effects of nerve stimulation and ACh. ACh has a significant ganglionic component of its action on the bladder. It is postulated that part of the parasympathetic effector sites of the bladder functionally resemble autonomic ganglions. These ganglionic type of receptors seem to play an important role in the effects of parasympathetic nerve stimulation and in the action of ACh.

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