Satiating effect of bombesin is mediated by receptors perfused by celiac artery

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (3) ◽  
pp. R614-R618 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Kirkham ◽  
J. Gibbs ◽  
G. P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Liquid Food ◽  
Catheterization Technique ◽  
Direct Administration ◽  
Upper Abdominal

The abdominal site or sites for the satiety action of exogenous, peripherally administered bombesin (BN) were investigated. By use of a chronic arterial catheterization technique, the effects of 1, 2, and 4 micrograms/kg BN on liquid food intake of nondeprived male rats were assessed. Comparisons were made between the effects of these doses infused into the celiac or superior mesenteric arteries or injected intraperitoneally. The satiating potency of exogenous BN was significantly enhanced by direct administration into the celiac artery, which directly perfuses the stomach, pancreas, liver, spleen, and proximal duodenum. By this route, 4 micrograms/kg BN produced greater than 60% suppression of 15-min food intake. By contrast, BN infused into the superior mesenteric artery was no more effective than intraperitoneal injection. Celiac infusion of 1 micrograms/kg BN produced a suppression (30%) of intake that was equivalent to, or exceeded, that obtained after intraperitoneal injection or superior mesenteric infusion of 4 micrograms/kg. These results strongly support an upper abdominal, and possibly gastric, site for the satiety action of peripherally administered BN.

Plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin octapeptide and food intake in male rats treated with cholecystokinin octapeptide

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lindén ◽  
K. Uvnäs-Moberg ◽  
G. Forsberg ◽  
I. Bednar ◽  
P. Södersten
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cholecystokinin Octapeptide ◽  
Cck Receptors ◽  
Cck Antagonist

ABSTRACT Intraperitoneal injection of 5 μg cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) into male rats deprived of food for 48 h produced a transient (less than 15 min) increase in plasma levels of CCK-8 but suppressed food intake for an extended period (45 min). Plasma concentrations of CCK-8 after i.p. injection of CCK-8 were raised to levels which were fairly comparable to those after feeding. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of the CCK antagonist proglumide (100 μg) reversed the effect of CCK-8 on food intake, while i.p. injection of proglumide (100 μg) did not have this effect. Feeding increased the plasma concentrations of somatostatin and gastrin but not of oxytocin, and somatostatin and oxytocin but not gastrin were released in response to i.p. injection of CCK-8. However, neither somatostatin nor oxytocin affected food intake, and their release in response to CCK-8 was unaffected by i.c.v. injection of proglumide. These results support the suggestion that CCK-8 is a physiological 'satiety' peptide, which can affect food intake in rats by mechanisms involving both peripheral and central CCK receptors. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 121, 59–65

Stenting of stenotic mesenteric arteries for symptomatic chronic mesenteric ischemia

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aschenbach ◽  
Bergert ◽  
Kerl ◽  
Zangos ◽  
Neumeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Technical Failure

Background: We report the results of our single center series of patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) to determine the role of stenting in the management of patients. Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with CMI treated endovascularly with stent revascularisation from January 2008 to January 2011.CMI diagnosis was made according to clinical symptoms, including postprandial abdominal pain, food fear, and weight loss. Additionally, the diagnosis was confirmed by duplex ultrasonography and/or computed tomography angiography and/or contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography. Results: All 45 patients presented with typical CMI symptoms: 45/45 (100 %) had postprandial pain, 31/45 (68.8 %) had a weight loss of more than 10 kilograms, and 11/45 (24.4 %) suffered from ischemic colitis combined with lower gastrointestinal bleeding. In three patients occlusion could not be crossed, therefore considered as technical failure. A total of 55 arteries were stented in the remaining 42 patients. Nineteen patients underwent SMA stenting alone, eight underwent celiac stenting, alone and three patients underwent stenting of inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) alone. We performed combined stenting of the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery in ten patients, and one patient underwent a combined stenting of the celiac artery and the IMA. All three mesenteric arteries were stented in only one patient. Primary technical success was achieved in 42/45 (94.8 %) patients. Clinical symptom relief was achieved in 39/45 (86.6 %) patients with abdominal pain. Increased body weight was observed in 28/31 (90.3 %) patients with an average weight gain of 8.8 kilograms (5 - 12 kilograms), and 10/11 (90.9 %) patients recovered from ischaemic colitis/lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Conclusions: Stent revascularisation can be considered as the first-line therapy for patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia.

scholarly journals NFAT regulation of cystathionine γ-lyase expression in endothelial cells is impaired in rats exposed to intermittent hypoxia

2017 ◽  
Vol 312 (4) ◽  
pp. H791-H799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura V. Gonzalez Bosc ◽  
Jessica M. Osmond ◽  
Wieslawa K. Giermakowska ◽  
Carolyn E. Pace ◽  
Jennifer L. Riggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Activated T Cells ◽  
Rat Mesenteric Artery

Sleep apnea is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and intermittent hypoxia (IH, 20 episodes/h of 5% O2-5% CO2 for 7 h/day) to mimic sleep apnea increases blood pressure and impairs hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-induced vasodilation in rats. The enzyme that produces H2S, cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), is decreased in rat mesenteric artery endothelial cells (EC) following in vivo IH exposure. In silico analysis identified putative nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) binding sites in the CSE promoter. Therefore, we hypothesized that IH exposure reduces Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]) activation of calcineurin/NFAT to lower CSE expression and impair vasodilation. In cultured rat aortic EC, inhibiting calcineurin with cyclosporine A reduced CSE mRNA, CSE protein, and luciferase activity driven by a full-length but not a truncated CSE promoter. In male rats exposed to sham or IH conditions for 2 wk, [Ca2+] in EC in small mesenteric arteries from IH rats was lower than in EC from sham rat arteries (Δfura 2 ratio of fluorescence at 340 to 380 nm from Ca2+ free: IH = 0.05 ± 0.02, sham = 0.17 ± 0.03, P < 0.05), and fewer EC were NFATc3 nuclear positive in IH rat arteries than in sham rat arteries (IH = 13 ± 3, sham = 59 ± 11%, P < 0.05). H2S production was also lower in mesenteric tissue from IH rats vs. sham rats. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation to acetylcholine (ACh) was lower in mesenteric arteries from IH rats than in arteries from sham rats, and inhibiting CSE with β-cyanoalanine diminished ACh-induced vasodilation in arteries from sham but not IH rats but did not affect dilation to the H2S donor NaHS. Thus, IH lowers EC [Ca2+], NFAT activity, CSE expression and activity, and H2S production while inhibiting NFAT activation lowers CSE expression. The observations that IH exposure decreases NFATc3 activation and CSE-dependent vasodilation support a role for NFAT in regulating endothelial H2S production. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study identifies the calcium-regulated transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells as a novel regulator of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE). This pathway is basally active in mesenteric artery endothelial cells, but, after exposure to intermittent hypoxia to mimic sleep apnea, nuclear factor of activated T cells c3 nuclear translocation and CSE expression are decreased, concomitant with decreased CSE-dependent vasodilation.

scholarly journals Intestinal Ischemia Mirrors Cardiac Angina- A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Sunil Dighe ◽  
Kalyan Munde ◽  
Piyush Kalantri ◽  
Mahesh Bodke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Interventional Devices

Chronic mesenteric ischemia (intestinal angina) is a condition that is caused by stenosis or occlusion of the mesenteric arteries (Superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery and celiac artery) and usually manifest as abdominal pain which is usually post - prandial in nature. If plaque or lesion in an artery supplying the intestines narrows the vessel so severely that sluggish blood flow causes a clot, blood flow through that artery can become completely blocked, which can lead to ischemia .While surgical revascularization has been the standard treatment for symptomatic patients in past , recent advances in interventional devices and techniques have made endovascular treatment easily available and effective treatment. Endovascular treatment is considered as minimally invasive means of obtaining good long-term results. The Coronary arteries are common hiding places for cholesterol-filled plaque and blood clots. Plaque can limit blood flow during exercise or stress, causing the chest pain or pressure known as angina. Clots may completely block blood flow, causing a heart attack or cardiac arrest. These two leading perpetrators can do similar things elsewhere in the body. When they interfere with blood flow to the digestive system, the effects can range from a stomach ache after every meal to a life threatening emergency. We report a similar case who present with unstable angina. During hospitalization he was having persistent abdominal pain and who was investigated with CT abdomen and later Angioplasty was done which further showed significant benefit to patient.

Postprandial lower limb pain: An unusual presentation of visceral arteries occlusion

Vascular ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Patelis ◽  
Konstantinos Papoutsis ◽  
Dimitrios Liakopoulos ◽  
Andreas Koutsoumpelis ◽  
Christos Bakogiannis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Inferior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Lower Limb Pain ◽  
Visceral Arteries

This case report describes an atypical and unique presentation of mesenteric arteries occlusive disease. The patient presented with typical symptoms of chronic mesenteric ischemia, as well as with an atypical new symptom; postprandial buttock and lower limbs pain. Pain followed the time curve of the postprandial abdominal discomfort, starting 30 min after meals and gradually resolving within 2 h. The patient had been tolerating the signs of chronic mesenteric ischemia quite well by adjusting the quantity of food per meal to relieve symptoms. Angiography showed that the celiac artery, the superior mesenteric artery, and distal aorta were occluded, leaving the inferior mesenteric artery as the only feeding vessel of all abdominal viscera and both the lower limbs. Since an English medical literature search returned only one marginally similar case, we consider this case of iliac arteries’ “steal syndrome” from the inferior mesenteric artery unique.

Physician-Modified Endograft With Double Inner Branches for Urgent Repair of Supraceliac Para-Anastomotic Pseudoaneurysm

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario D’Oria ◽  
Aleem K. Mirza ◽  
Emanuel R. Tenorio ◽  
Jussi M. Kärkkäinen ◽  
Randall R. DeMartino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Stent Graft ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Anastomotic Pseudoaneurysm ◽  
Thoracic Stent Graft

Purpose: To demonstrate the feasibility of a physician-modified endograft (PMEG) with inner branches for 2 mesenteric arteries as an alternative to fenestrations or directional branches. Technique: A symptomatic 60-year-old man presented with supraceliac para-anastomotic pseudoaneurysm involving an antegrade aorta to celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery bypass. Since an off-the-shelf multibranched endograft was inappropriate, a Zenith Alpha thoracic stent-graft was modified with 2 inner branches fashioned of 8-mm Viabahn endoprostheses with preloaded guidewires. The procedure was technically successful, and the patient had no postoperative complications. Conclusion: Inner branches might offer an alternative to fenestrations or directional branches in patients with narrow aortas.

scholarly journals The Arterial Vascularization of the Small and Large Intestine in Adult Male Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo)

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ((E0)) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Rabab Naser ◽  
Iman M. Khaleel
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Descending Aorta ◽  
Short Branch ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

The aim of this study was to reveal the blood supply of the intestinal tract in male adult turkey. Five healthy birds were collected from local suppliers at Baaqoba province. All birds were euthanized and their coelomic cavity was dissected. The descending aorta was cannulated and injected with colored latex, and then the course of arteries along the intestinal tract investigated. Small intestine received the blood by celiac artery, cranial and caudal mesenteric artery. Celiac was split into two branches right and left, the right branch of celiac artery supplied the proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, pancreas, jejunum and distal part of ileum and cecum while left branch supply the stomach. The crania mesenteric artery nourished the terminal parts of duodenum, jejunum ileum and cranial part of the two ceca, on the other hand. Caudal mesenteric artery was the third artery that supplied the intestine which was short branch originated from descending aorta and divided into two groups cranial groups supplied distal part of ileum and base of ceca while the caudal groups supplied the rectum and cloaca and anastomosed with cranial mesenteric artery. Form the above results, it was concluded that the small and large intestine are nourished by the three major arteries namely Celiac, Cranial and Caudal mesenteric arteries and its branches.

scholarly journals Origin Level of the Ventral Branches of the Abdominal Aorta in the Rabbit and European Hare

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
D. Maženský ◽  
S. Flešárová
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Corrosion Casting ◽  
European Hare ◽  
Fifth Lumbar Vertebra

AbstractThe aim of this research was to describe the level of origin of the branches originating from the ventral surface of the abdominal aorta in the rabbit and hare. The study was carried out on ten adult rabbits and ten adult European hares using the corrosion cast technique. After euthanasia, the vascular network was perfused with saline. Batson’s corrosion casting kit No. 17 was used as a casting medium. After polymerization of the medium, the maceration was carried out in a KOH solution. We found variable levels of the origin of the celiac, cranial mesenteric and caudal mesenteric arteries in both species. In the rabbit, the celiac artery originated in the majority of cases at the cranial end of the first lumbar vertebra and in the hare at the middle part of the vertebral body of the same vertebra. The cranial mesenteric artery in the rabbit originated predominantly at the level of the first lumbar vertebra and in the hare at the level of the second lumbar vertebra. In the rabbit, the caudal mesenteric artery originated mainly at the level of the sixth lumbar vertebra and in the hare, at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra. We concluded that there were higher variabilities of the origins of the ventral branches of the abdominal aorta in domesticated rabbit in comparison with the European hare.

scholarly journals Mesenteric artery calcium scoring: a potential screening method for chronic mesenteric ischemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke G. Terlouw ◽  
Desirée van Noord ◽  
Theo van Walsum ◽  
Marco J. Bruno ◽  
Adriaan Moelker
Keyword(s):  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Interobserver Agreement ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia

Abstract Objective A practical screening tool for chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) could facilitate early recognition and reduce undertreatment and diagnostic delay. This study explored the ability to discriminate CMI from non-CMI patients with a mesenteric artery calcium score (MACS). Methods This retrospective study included CTAs of consecutive patients with suspected CMI in a tertiary referral center between April 2016 and October 2019. A custom-built software module, using the Agatston definition, was developed and used to calculate the MACS for the celiac artery (CA), superior mesenteric artery (SMA), and inferior mesenteric artery. Scoring was performed by two blinded observers. Interobserver agreement was determined using 39 CTAs scored independently by both observers. CMI was defined as sustained symptom improvement after treatment. Non-CMI patients were patients not diagnosed with CMI after a diagnostic workup and patients not responding to treatment. Results The MACS was obtained in 184 patients, 49 CMI and 135 non-CMI. Interobserver agreement was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.910). The MACS of all mesenteric arteries was significantly higher in CMI patients than in non-CMI patients. ROC analysis of the combined MACS of CA + SMA showed an acceptable AUC (0.767), high sensitivity (87.8%), and high NPV (92.1%), when using a ≥ 29.7 CA + SMA MACS cutoff. Comparison of two CTAs, obtained in the same patient at different points in time with different scan and reconstruction parameters, was performed in 29 patients and revealed significant differences in MACSs. Conclusion MACS seems a promising screening method for CMI, but correction for scan and reconstruction parameters is warranted. Key Points • A mesenteric artery calcium score obtained in celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery has a high negative predictive value for chronic mesenteric ischemia and could serve as a screening tool. • Interobserver agreement of the mesenteric artery calcium score is excellent. • Scan and reconstruction parameters influence the mesenteric artery calcium score and warrant the development of a method to correct for these parameters.

Chewing and taste increase blood velocity in the celiac but not the superior mesenteric arteries

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (6) ◽  
pp. R1921-R1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nami Someya ◽  
Naoyuki Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Blood Velocity ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Baseline Measurement ◽  
The Mean

To investigate the role of chewing and taste in the meal-induced rapid increase in splanchnic blood flow, we compared the blood flow responses in the celiac artery (CA) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) to chewing solid food with a chocolate taste (FOOD) and paraffin wax without taste (WAX). After 5 min of baseline measurement, 15 healthy subjects repeated chewing and expectorating the FOOD or WAX every 20 s for 4 min followed by 10 min of recovery measurement. We measured the mean blood velocity (MBV) in the CA and SMA. The baseline MBVs in the CA and SMA did not differ between the FOOD and WAX trials. The MBV in the CA was lower than baseline at the 1st min of chewing in both trials. It was higher than baseline at the 3rd min of FOOD chewing, whereas it did not increase during and after WAX chewing. The MBV in the CA was higher in the FOOD trial than in the WAX trial at the 3rd min of chewing and thereafter. In contrast, the MBV in the SMA did not change throughout the protocols. These results suggest that the taste of food plays a role in meal-induced hyperemia in the CA but not the SMA.

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