Leptin increases energy expenditure of a marsupial by inhibition of daily torpor

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (5) ◽  
pp. R1627-R1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Geiser ◽  
Gerhard Körtner ◽  
Ingrid Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Daily Torpor ◽  
Activity Phase ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Fat Stores ◽  
Sminthopsis Macroura ◽  
Marsupial Mammal ◽  
Torpor Bouts

Leptin plays an important role in regulating body fat stores of placental mammals, but the contribution of changes in energy expenditure to this adjustment remains controversial. We were interested in how recombinant murine leptin would affect metabolic rate (MR) and body temperature (Tb) of a marsupial mammal ( Sminthopsis macroura, 25 g) known to display daily torpor but lacking thermogenetically active brown adipose tissue. In a group of eight animals deprived of food for 1 day at 18°C, leptin treatment halved the duration of torpor bouts (time at Tb < 30°C) and raised the average daily minimum Tb by 4.5°C and minimum MR by 2.2-fold. Leptin treatment thus increased daily energy expenditure by 9%, although MR and Tb during the activity phase were not raised. Body mass was also not affected. These findings in a marsupial suggest that the adjustment of thermoregulatory energy expenditure during the rest phase in accordance with energy availability is a phylogenetically old function of leptin.

scholarly journals Neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus promote, prolong, and deepen torpor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T Ambler ◽  
Timna Hitrec ◽  
Andrew Wilson ◽  
Matteo Cerri ◽  
Anthony E Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Daily Torpor ◽  
Dorsomedial Hypothalamus ◽  
Neuronal Populations ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
Torpor Bouts

Torpor is a naturally occurring, hypometabolic, hypothermic state engaged by a wide range of animals in response to imbalance between the supply and demand for nutrients. Recent work has identified some of the key neuronal populations involved in daily torpor induction in mice, in particular projections from the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (POA) to the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH). The DMH plays a role in thermoregulation, control of energy expenditure, and circadian rhythms, making it well positioned to contribute to the expression of torpor. We used activity dependent genetic TRAPing techniques to target DMH neurons that were active during natural torpor bouts in female mice. Chemogenetic reactivation of torpor-TRAPed DMH neurons in calorie-restricted mice promoted torpor, resulting in longer and deeper torpor bouts. Chemogenetic inhibition of torpor-TRAPed DMH neurons did not block torpor entry, suggesting a modulatory but not a necessary role for the DMH in the control of torpor. This work adds to the evidence that a projection from the POA to the DMH forms part of a torpor-inducing circuit within the mouse hypothalamus.

scholarly journals mTORC1 in AGRP neurons integrates exteroceptive and interoceptive food-related cues in the modulation of adaptive energy expenditure in mice

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke K Burke ◽  
Tamana Darwish ◽  
Althea R Cavanaugh ◽  
Sam Virtue ◽  
Emma Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Directional Control ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Mtorc1 Signaling

AbstractEnergy dissipation through interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) thermogenesis is an important contributor to adaptive energy expenditure. However, it remains unresolved how acute and chronic changes in energy availability are detected by the brain to adjust iBAT activity and maintain energy homeostasis. Here we provide evidence that AGRP inhibitory tone to iBAT represents an energy-sparing circuit that integrates environmental food cues and internal signals of energy availability. We establish a role for the nutrient-sensing mTORC1 signaling pathway within AGRP neurons in the detection of environmental food cues and internal signals of energy availability, and in the bi-directional control of iBAT thermogenesis during nutrient deficiency and excess. Collectively, our findings provide insights into how mTORC1 signaling within AGRP neurons surveys energy availability to engage iBAT thermogenesis, and identify AGRP neurons as a neuronal substrate for the coordination of energy intake and adaptive expenditure under varying physiological and environmental contexts.

scholarly journals mTORC1 in AGRP neurons integrates exteroceptive and interoceptive food-related cues in the modulation of adaptive energy expenditure in mice

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke K Burke ◽  
Tamana Darwish ◽  
Althea R Cavanaugh ◽  
Sam Virtue ◽  
Emma Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Directional Control ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Mtorc1 Signaling

Energy dissipation through interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) thermogenesis is an important contributor to adaptive energy expenditure. However, it remains unresolved how acute and chronic changes in energy availability are detected by the brain to adjust iBAT activity and maintain energy homeostasis. Here, we provide evidence that AGRP inhibitory tone to iBAT represents an energy-sparing circuit that integrates environmental food cues and internal signals of energy availability. We establish a role for the nutrient-sensing mTORC1 signaling pathway within AGRP neurons in the detection of environmental food cues and internal signals of energy availability, and in the bi-directional control of iBAT thermogenesis during nutrient deficiency and excess. Collectively, our findings provide insights into how mTORC1 signaling within AGRP neurons surveys energy availability to engage iBAT thermogenesis, and identify AGRP neurons as a neuronal substrate for the coordination of energy intake and adaptive expenditure under varying physiological and environmental contexts.

scholarly journals Estimating daily energy expenditure in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 792-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J Kasarskis ◽  
Marta S Mendiondo ◽  
Dwight E Matthews ◽  
Hiroshi Mitsumoto ◽  
Rup Tandan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

scholarly journals The effect of mirabegron on energy expenditure and brown adipose tissue in healthy lean South Asian and Europid men

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 2032-2044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly J. Nahon ◽  
Laura G. M. Janssen ◽  
Aashley S. D. Sardjoe Mishre ◽  
Manu P. Bilsen ◽  
Jari A. Eijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Brown Adipose

Flux hydriques et métabolisme énergétique dans un peuplement de Lacertidés des îles Kerkennah (Tunisie)

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Vernet ◽  
Claude Grenot ◽  
Saïd Nouira
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Water Turnover ◽  
Semiarid Environment ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Active Forager

Water flux and daily energy expenditure were measured with doubly labeled water (3HH18O) in two insectivorous sympatric species of Lacertidae of Kerkennah islands (Tunisia), Eremias olivieri (mean body mass: 1.1 g) and Acanthodactylus pardalis (4.5 g) in a semiarid environment. Water turnover and field metabolic rate of Eremias olivieri (174 μL H2O g−1 d−1 and 250 J g−1 d−1) were, respectively, 2.5 and 5 times higher than those of Acanthodactylus pardalis (70 μL H2O g−1 d−1 and 52 J g−1 d−1). The water turnover of Eremias olivieri is one of the highest known among insectivorous lizards, and the daily energy expenditure of Acanthodactylus pardalis one of the lowest. The most plausible explanations are the differences in the size of the prey eaten by each species at this time of the season and in the duration of daily activity; the daily activity of Acanthodactylus pardalis is short (4.5 h d−1) although it is a sit-and-wait predator, whereas Eremias olivieri is active regularly every day for a longer period (7.5 h d−1) although it is an active forager. The high values of water turnover in Eremias olivieri suggest that food is not the only source of water for lizards in this particular insular environment.

W1854 Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Activates Brown Adipose Tissue and Increases Energy Expenditure in Obese Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Stylopoulos ◽  
Xiao B. Zhang ◽  
Anna-Liisa Brownell ◽  
Lee M. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Brown Adipose
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