Use of respiratory quotients in assessment of aerobic work capacity

1962 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Issekutz ◽  
N. C. Birkhead ◽  
K. Rodahl
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Output ◽  
Ergometer Test ◽  
Aerobic Work Capacity ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Better Than

Oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide output were measured in 32 untrained subjects during exercise on the bicycle ergometer. It was shown that the work respiratory quotient (RQ) under standardized conditions can be used as a measure of physical fitness. ΔRQ (work RQ minus 0.75) increases logarithmically with the work load and maximal O2 uptake is reached at a ΔRQ value of 0.40. This observation offered the possibility of predicting the maximal O2 uptake of a person, based on the measurement of RQ during a single bicycle ergometer test at a submaximal load. For each work RQ between 0.95 and 1.15 a factor was presented, together with the aid of a simple equation, which gave a good approximation (generally better than ±10%) of the maximal O2 uptake.

Maximal heart rate during work in older men

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Åstrand ◽  
Per-Olof Åstrand ◽  
Kaare Rodahl
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Aerobic Work Capacity ◽  
Male Subjects

Nine 56–68-year-old male subjects performed muscular work up to maximal loads on a bicycle ergometer while breathing both ambient air and oxygen. Heart rate increased to an average maximum of 163/min. The maximal O2 intake averaged 2.24 l/min. and the blood lactic acid concentration 85 mg/100 ml. In no case was the maximal heart rate higher when breathing O2 than when breathing air. This low maximal heart rate in older people probably limits the capacity for O2 intake. Four subjects were able to work for about 1 hour without any sign of exhaustion on a work load requiring an O2 consumption of about 50% of their maximal aerobic work capacity. Submitted on October 3, 1958

SOSTOYaNIE KARDIORESPIRATORNOY SISTEMY U BOL'NYKh S IV STEPEN'Yu GRUDNOGO SKOLIOZA DO I POSLE OPERATIVNOGO LEChENIYa

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
A G Avtandilov ◽  
S T Vetrile ◽  
D I Nemanova ◽  
A A Kuleshov
Keyword(s):  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Cardiorespiratory System ◽  
Right Ventricular Wall ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ergometer Test ◽  
Lower Size ◽  
Respiration Function ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Better Than

Cardiorespiratory system was examined in 33 patients with thoracic scoliosis of degree IV (15 - nonsurgical, 18 - surgical treatment). Eighteen surgically treatment patients were operated using Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation and were examined within 1-3 years after surgery. Examination included evaluation of external respiration function, echocardiography (ECG), bicycle ergometer test (BEMT). It was shown that postsurgically the function of external respiration was better than in nonsurgically treated patients. ECG showed reliably lower size and thickness of the right ventricular wall as well as considerably lower level of pulmonary hypertension. Tolerance to physical load at BEMT, level of working capacity and the term of restoration was reliably better in surgically treated patients.

Renal clearances during prolonged supine exercise at different loads

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1294-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Grimby
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Renal Clearances ◽  
Heavy Work ◽  
Aerobic Work Capacity ◽  
Male Subjects

Clearance of inulin (CIn) and para-aminohippuric acid (CPAH), cardiac output, oxygen uptake, and arterial blood pressure were measured in 15 healthy male subjects at rest and during supine exercise of 45 min duration on a bicycle ergometer. Work loads between 150 and 900 kpm/min were chosen. CPAH decreased with increasing work intensity (heart rate). At an oxygen uptake corresponding to half of the aerobic work capacity it was about 70% and at heavy work 35–45% of the value at rest. The renal fraction of the cardiac output averaged, at rest, 17% and decreased with increasing work loads to 2.5–5% as a minimum. CIn did not change significantly until heavy exercise was performed. The filtration fraction increased during exercise. clearances of inulin and para-aminohippuric acid; cardiac output Submitted on May 28, 1965

Cardiac output during submaximal and maximal work

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per-Olof Åstrand ◽  
T. Edward Cuddy ◽  
Bengt Saltin ◽  
Jesper Stenberg
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Heart Volume ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Maximal Cardiac Output ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Aerobic Work Capacity

In the present study oxygen uptake, cardiac output, stroke volume (dye-dilution technique) and oxygen content of arterial blood were determined in 11 women and 12 men, 20–31 years of age, at rest, and when performing submaximal and maximal work. At rest plasma volume (T-1824) and heart volume were determined. Sitting on the bicycle ergometer the stroke volume was 40–90% (mean 63%) of the maximum attained during exercise. Maximal stroke volume was essentially reached at a workload with an oxygen uptake of about 40% of the maximum and a heart rate about 110. No tendency to a decrease in stroke volume was noticed when maximal work was performed. The variation in stroke volume was ±4% during exercise in the range from 40 to 100% of the individual's aerobic work capacity. The maximal cardiac output was 18.5 liters/min for women and 24.1 liters for men. The correlation between heart volume on one side and maximal stroke volume and cardiac output on the other side was high and the expected one from the dimension of the individual. On submaximal as well as maximal exercise the women had a higher cardiac output per liter oxygen uptake than the men, and this can be explained by the lower concentration of hemoglobin in the women's blood. cardiac function during exercise; cardiac output stroke volume; cardiac output and arterial O2 content Submitted on October 3, 1963

The Effects of Gender and Experience on Perceived Exertion

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Winborn ◽  
Andrew W. Meyers ◽  
Carol Mulling
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Athletic Teams ◽  
Ergometer Test ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer Test

This study investigated the influence of gender and athletic experience on individuals' ratings of their perceived exertion (RPE). Twelve males with high athletic experience, 12 with low athletic experience, 12 females with high athletic experience, and 12 with low athletic experience were recruited from university classes and athletic teams. An estimate of each individual's maximum oxygen uptake (est VO2max) was obtained from a submaximal bicycle ergometer test. Subjects were then presented with ergometer workloads at 30, 50, and 70% of their estimated VO2max. Heart rate readings and RPEs were obtained during each workload presentation. Low athletic experience females were the least accurate in their RPEs, followed by low athletic experience males. High athletic experience males were the most accurate in their RPEs, followed by high athletic experience females. Results indicated that differences in RPE accuracy scores may be influenced by gender but that exposure to athletic experiences appears to override any potential gender differences.

Breathing in brief exercise

1960 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. N. Craig ◽  
E. G. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Respiratory Exchange Ratio ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Tension ◽  
Minute Volume ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Output ◽  
Respiratory Minute Volume ◽  
Before And After

Two men ran for 20 or 60 seconds while inhaling air, oxygen or 4% carbon dioxide. Inspired respiratory minute volume was determined for each breath. Ventilation increased suddenly in the first breath with minimal changes in end-expiratory carbon dioxide tension and respiratory exchange ratio to a rate that remained constant for 20 seconds before increasing further. The rate of carbon dioxide output was uniform during the first 20 seconds. A 12% grade did not increase ventilation or oxygen uptake during runs of 20 seconds, but in the first minute of recovery, ventilation was 64% greater than after level runs. Inhalation of oxygen inhibited ventilation by 24% in the 20-second periods before and after the end of a 60-second run. Inhalation of carbon dioxide begun at rest produced increments in ventilation and end-expiratory carbon dioxide tension that varied little during running and recovery. In the 20-second runs ventilation varied with speed but appeared independent of ultimate metabolic cost. Submitted on January 21, 1960

Oxygen uptake, acid-base status, and performance with varied inspired oxygen fractions

1980 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 863-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Adams ◽  
H. G. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Tension ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Performance Times ◽  
Inspired Oxygen

Six subjects rode a bicycle ergometer on three occasions breathing 17, 21, or 60% oxygen. In addition to rest and recovery periods, each subject worked for 10 min at 55% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and then to exhaustion at approximately 90% VO2 max. Performance time, inspired and expired gas fractions, ventilation, and arterialized venous oxygen tension (PO2), carbon dioxide tension (PCO2), lactate, and pH were measured. VO2, carbon dioxide output, [H+]a, and [HCO3-]a were calculated. Performance times were longer in hyperoxia than in normoxia or hypoxia. However, VO2 was not different at exhaustion in normoxia compared with hypoxia or hyperoxia. During exercise, hypoxia was associated with increased lactate levels and decreased [H+]a, PCO2, and [HCO3-]a. The opposite trends were generally associated with hyperoxia. At exhaustion, [H+]a was not different under any inspired oxygen fraction. These results support the contention that oxygen is not limiting for exercise of this intensity and duration. The results also suggest that [H+] is a possible limiting factor and that the effect of oxygen on performance is perhaps related to control of [H+].

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