Effect of chronic local cold exposure on finger temperature responses

1962 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Adams ◽  
R. Elphin Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Temperature Level ◽  
Final Temperature ◽  
Finger Temperature ◽  
Subsequent Test ◽  
Data Parallel ◽  
Ice Water ◽  
Temperature Responses

Caucasian subjects from a temperate climate immersed their right index fingers in a stirred ice-water bath for 20 min four times daily for 1 month. During subsequent test immersion, fingers exposed in this way showed an earlier initiation and a more rapid rate of spontaneous rewarming and a higher and more labile final temperature level than did either the same finger before the prolonged cold exposure or other digits not chronically cold exposed. The inference derived from these data that blood flow is elevated in chronically cold-exposed fingers was supported by digital calorimetric determinations. Since finger temperature responses were modified only in the cold-conditioned digit, the term “local cold conditioning” appears justified. Variation of the number of daily exposures made clear a progressive modification of skin temperature responses to cold. During the month of repeated cold exposures, pain associated with this type of cold exposure diminished and finally disappeared. These experimental data parallel most observations on peripheral vascular responses to natural cold exposures and may suggest a mechanism for the changes under both conditions. Submitted on July 28, 1961

Changes in cold-induced vasodilation during Arctic exercises

1976 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Finger Temperature ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Difficult Terrain ◽  
Diurnal Temperatures ◽  
Ice Water ◽  
Left Middle

The effect of exposure to cold on cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) was examined in military personnel who had experienced a 2-wk stay in the Artic. During this time, the daily regimen consisted of long marches over difficult terrain and sleep in unheated tents with diurnal temperatures ranging from -10 to -40 degrees C. In tests conducted before and after the 2-wk period, CIVD was measured in the left middle finger of each subject by its immersion in ice water. After the 2-wk period, the value of mean finger temperature during the test had decreased relative to that observed before the test, the time required before the first vasodilative temperature increase occurred had become greater, and the finger temperature value at which the vasodilative increase was initiated has been lowered. These changes manifest a deleterious effect of cold exposure on the CIVD, contrary to expectations, and suggest that the effect of short-term cold exposure is to produce a general rather than peripheral acclimation in these subjects.

Left heart work and temperature responses to cold exposure in man

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald F. Leon ◽  
Morteza Amidi ◽  
James J. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Left Heart ◽  
Heart Work ◽  
Temperature Responses

Effect of continuous cold exposure on nocturnal body temperatures of man

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Kreider ◽  
P. F. Iampietro ◽  
E. R. Buskirk ◽  
David E. Bass
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Responses

Effects of continuous cold stress on 24-hour patterns of body temperature were studied in five men. Cold stress consisted in living at 15.6℃ (60℉) for 14 days wearing only shorts. The cold period was preceded and followed by 2 weeks at 26.7℃ (80℉). Activity (minimal) and diet were the same for all periods. One blanket was used at night. Rectal temperature (Tr) and skin temperature (Ts) were measured. Tr during sleep fell more rapidly and to lower values during cold exposure (35.6℃) than during the control period (36.1℃). Ts during sleep was slightly lower in the cold than in the control period; also, Ts did not exhibit the gradual drop characteristic of sleep in the control period. Comparison of Tr and Ts between early and later cold days revealed the following differences: a) nocturnal Tr fell to lower levels on the later cold days; b) nocturnal toe temperatures were 15℃ (27℉) higher on the later cold days. The arch temperatures followed the same pattern as the toes. No significant differences were found in daytime temperatures between early and later cold days. The data suggest that evidence for acclimatization to cold in terms of altered body temperature responses may be fruitfully sought in responses during rewarming and/or sleep. Submitted on September 19, 1958

The effects of age on finger temperature responses to local cooling

1955 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.B. Spurr ◽  
B.K. Hutt ◽  
Steven M. Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Local Cooling ◽  
Finger Temperature ◽  
Temperature Responses

Age and Sleep Modify Finger Temperature Responses to Facial Cooling

1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. M108-M116 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Jennings ◽  
C. F. Reynolds ◽  
P. R. Houck ◽  
D. J. Buysse ◽  
C. C. Hoch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finger Temperature ◽  
Facial Cooling ◽  
Temperature Responses

scholarly journals Cold exposure distinctively modulates parathyroid and thyroid hormones in cold-acclimatized and non-acclimatized humans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Kovaničová ◽  
Tímea Kurdiová ◽  
Miroslav Baláž ◽  
Patrik Štefanička ◽  
Lukáš Varga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Ice Water

AbstractContextCold-induced activation of thermogenesis modulates energy metabolism, but the role of humoral mediators is not completely understood.ObjectiveTo investigate the role of parathyroid and thyroid hormones in acute and adaptive response to cold in humans.DesignCross-sectional study examining acute response to ice-water swimming and to experimental non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) induction in individuals acclimatized and non-acclimatized to cold. Seasonal variation in energy metabolism of ice-water swimmers and associations between circulating PTH and molecular components of thermogenic program in brown adipose tissue (BAT) of neck-surgery patients were evaluated.SettingClinical Research Center.Patients, ParticipantsIce-water swimmers (winter swim n=15, NST-induction n=6), non-acclimatized volunteers (NST-induction, n=11, elective neck surgery n = 36).Main Outcomes and ResultsIn ice-water swimmers, PTH and TSH increased in response to 15min winter swim, while activation of NST failed to regulate PTH and lowered TSH. In non-acclimatized men, NST-induction decreased PTH and TSH. Positive correlation between systemic levels of PTH and whole-body metabolic preference for lipids as well as BAT 18F-FDG uptake was found across the two populations. Moreover, NST-cooling protocol-induced changes in metabolic preference for lipids correlated positively with changes in PTH. Finally, variability in circulating PTH correlated positively with UCP1/UCP1, PPARGC1A and DIO2 in BAT from neck surgery patients.ConclusionsRegulation of PTH and thyroid hormones during cold exposure in humans depends on the cold acclimatization level and/or cold stimulus intensity. Role of PTH in NST is substantiated by its positive relationships with whole-body metabolic preference for lipids, BAT volume and UCP1 content.

scholarly journals Relationship between peripheral vasospasm and visual field progression rates in patients with normal-tension glaucoma with low-teen intraocular pressure

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250085
Author(s):  
Do Young Park ◽  
Jong Chul Han ◽  
Eun Jung Lee ◽  
Changwon Kee
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Normal Tension Glaucoma ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Finger Temperature ◽  
Ice Water

Purpose To investigate the association between peripheral vasospasm and the visual field (VF) progression rate in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) with low-teen intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods The finger temperature of 113 NTG patients was measured before and after exposure to ice water using a Temperature gun (cold pressor test). These patients had confirmed VF progression, despite a low-teen IOP during a follow-up period of >5 years. VF progression rates were calculated as the slope of the visual field index (VFI) and mean deviation (MD) over time. Demographic, systemic, and ocular factors and VF progression rates were compared, based on the cold pressor test results. A regression analysis was used to investigate the factors affecting VF progression rates. Results Mean age, initial IOP, mean IOP during the follow-up period, and initial VF MD were 57.1 years, 15.8 mmHg, 12.0 mmHg, and -5.2 dB, respectively. When patients were divided into two groups (less vasospasm and more vasospasm) according to changes in temperature after exposure to ice water, the VF progression rate was significantly faster in the group with more vasospasm. In a multiple regression analysis, older age, worse initial VF MD, and greater decrease in finger temperature after ice water exposure were significantly associated with faster VF progression rates. Conclusion An excessive drop in finger temperature after exposure to ice water was significantly associated with faster VF progression in patients with low-teen NTG. This suggests that the blood flow in the optic nerve head may also be disturbed by peripheral vasospasm, accelerating glaucomatous damage regardless of IOP.

scholarly journals Cold Exposure Distinctively Modulates Parathyroid and Thyroid Hormones in Cold-Acclimatized and Non-Acclimatized Humans

Endocrinology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 161 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Kovaničová ◽  
Tímea Kurdiová ◽  
Miroslav Baláž ◽  
Patrik Štefanička ◽  
Lukáš Varga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Free T3 ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Ice Water

Abstract Cold-induced activation of thermogenesis modulates energy metabolism, but the role of humoral mediators is not completely understood. We aimed to investigate the role of parathyroid and thyroid hormones in acute and adaptive response to cold in humans. Examinations were performed before/after 15 minutes of ice-water swimming (n = 15) or 120 to 150 minutes of cold-induced nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) applied to cold-acclimatized (n = 6) or non-acclimatized (n = 11) individuals. Deep-neck brown adipose tissue (BAT) was collected from non-acclimatized patients undergoing elective neck surgery (n = 36). Seasonal variations in metabolic/hormonal parameters of ice-water swimmers were evaluated. We found that in ice-water swimmers, PTH and TSH increased and free T3, T4 decreased after a 15-minute winter swim, whereas NST-inducing cold exposure failed to regulate PTH and free T4 and lowered TSH and free T3. Ice-water swimming-induced increase in PTH correlated negatively with systemic calcium and positively with phosphorus. In non-acclimatized men, NST-inducing cold decreased PTH and TSH. Positive correlation between systemic levels of PTH and whole-body metabolic preference for lipids as well as BAT volume was found across the 2 populations. Moreover, NST-cooling protocol-induced changes in metabolic preference for lipids correlated positively with changes in PTH. Finally, variability in circulating PTH correlated positively with UCP1/UCP1, PPARGC1A, and DIO2 in BAT from neck surgery patients. Our data suggest that regulation of PTH and thyroid hormones during cold exposure in humans varies by cold acclimatization level and/or cold stimulus intensity. Possible role of PTH in NST is indicated by its positive relationships with whole-body metabolic preference for lipids, BAT volume, and UCP1 content.

Physiological and behavioral reactions to repeated tail cooling in the white rat

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Eide
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Cold Induced Vasodilatation ◽  
Ice Water

The purpose of the study was to examine a) the effect of local cooling on the metabolic rate, b) the effect of metabolic rate on the peripheral circulation, and c) acclimation to local cooling. After habituation to the experimental situation, 10 white rats had their tails exposed to ice water for 40 min/day for 37 days. Metabolic rate and tail temperature were measured. There was a conspicuous increase in oxygen consumption during the first 10 min of each cold exposure. This increase did not change significantly through the series. The metabolic rate during cooling was significantly reduced in the last half of the series. Tail temperature was significantly influenced by metabolic rate and increased significantly from the beginning of the series to the middle, and decreased from the middle to the end. Time of onset of the cold-induced vasodilatation decreased in the middle of the series and increased again at the end. These paradoxical findings are believed to be due to interplay between orienting reactions and habituation. It is pointed out that habituation may counteract acclimation.

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