Exercise-induced hypoxemia in older athletes

To determine whether exercise induces hypoxemia in highly trained older “master” athletes (MA), as it does in certain elite endurance-trained young athletes (YA), 10 MA (65.3 +/- 2.6 yr), 10 control subjects (CS; 68.3 +/- 2.2 yr), and 10 endurance-trained YA (23.3 +/- 1.1 yr) performed an incremental exercise test. During testing, blood samples for arterial blood gas analysis were drawn during the last 20 s of each load. Lung exchanges were measured using a breath-by-breath automated exercise device. Exercise-induced hypoxemia (EIH) appeared in all MA and 8 of 10 YA, whereas there were no changes in the blood gases of CS. In MA, arterial PO2 decreased significantly from 40% of maximal O2 uptake onward and was associated with a significant increase in the ideal alveolar-arterial O2 difference from 60% onward. The MA also showed a lower ventilation for a given absolute load compared with CS. In all subjects arterial PCO2 rose slightly but significantly during the work, but this increase was most marked in MA. The EIH differed between MA and YA in the following ways: 1) all MA showed a drop in arterial PO2 during exercise, 2) this drop appeared earlier and was significantly greater for a given load in MA, and 3) EIH appeared at a lower level of training regimen in MA. This hypoxemia was at first isolated, probably at least partially due to relative hypoventilation, and then was associated with a widened ideal alveolar-arterial O2 difference, which may have been due to an increase in extravascular lung water.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Histamine and exercise-induced hypoxemia in highly trained athletes

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1994.76.1.127 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 127-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

F. Anselme ◽

C. Caillaud ◽

I. Couret ◽

M. Rossi ◽

C. Prefaut

Keyword(s):

Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Incremental Exercise ◽

Causative Role ◽

Control Groups ◽

Arterial Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Arterial Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Arterial Po2

To determine whether exercise-induced hypoxemia in extreme athletes results from an increase in histamine level during maximal incremental exercise, seven young athletes [YA; age 22.2 +/- 1.23 (SE) yr] and seven master athletes (MA; age 66.2 +/- 2.94 yr), all of whom were known to develop exercise-induced hypoxemia, were compared with age-matched control groups (young controls and older controls, respectively). During maximal incremental exercise, blood samples for arterial blood gas analysis and for plasma and total histamine were drawn at rest and at 50, 75, and 100% of maximal O2 uptake. The percentage of histamine released (%H) was calculated from plasma and total histamine samples. In all athletes (MA and YA groups), exercise induced an increase in %H with a concomitant decrease in arterial PO2 (PaO2); in control groups there was no change in either histamine levels or PaO2. When the data for the YA and MA groups were combined, a correlation was observed between the increase in %H and the drop in PaO2. Nevertheless, further studies are required to establish whether histamine plays a causative role in hypoxemia or is a response to injury.

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Arterialised Capillary Blood Gases in Accident and Emergency Department Patients - a Reliable Alternative to Arterial Sampling?

McGill Journal of Medicine ◽

10.26443/mjm.v7i2.788 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Faheem Shakur ◽

Suzanne Mason

Keyword(s):

Blood Gases ◽

Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Arterial Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Emergency Department Patients

OBJECTIVES: Many patients with respiratory complaints who present to the Accident & Emergency (A & E) department have an arterial blood gas analysis performed at some point. It is our belief that there is no difference between arterial and capillary blood gas values in patients presenting to the A & E department. It is also anticipated that body temperature and blood pressure may play a part, so these will also be reported and associations will be investigated. METHODS: Patients who require arterial blood gas analysis at any stage during their stay in the A & E department at the Northern General hospital of Sheffield are eligible for inclusion in the study. In total there were 32 patients. PROCEDURE:Transvasin cream was applied to the ear lobe to improve local blood flow by dilating the capillaries. When ten minutes have elapsed after the application of the Transvasin cream, a capillary sample is taken from the ear lobe by the researchers. CONCLUSION: From the t-tests conducted, no significant difference was seen between the arterial and capillary blood gas samples for the parameters pO2 and O2 saturation. However, for pCO2, pH and [HCO3] there were significant differences observed. This result seems to disagree with the findings of most other studies that have so far shown stronger correlations generally for pH, pCO2 and bicarbonate, than for oxygen measuring parameters.

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ABG Assistant—Towards an Understanding of Complex Acid-Base Disorders

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10071516 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1516

Author(s):

Łukasz Gutowski ◽

Kaja Gutowska ◽

Alicja Brożek ◽

Marcin Nowicki ◽

Dorota Formanowicz

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Blood Gases ◽

Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Acid Base ◽

Arterial Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Multiple Data ◽

Base Disorder ◽

Definitive Statement

The ability to diagnose acid-base imbalances correctly is essential for physicians and other healthcare workers. Despite its importance, it is often considered too complex and confusing. Although most people dealing with arterial blood gases (ABGs) do not usually have problems with acid-base disorder assessment, such an analysis is also carried out by other healthcare workers for whom this can be a challenging task. Many aspects may be problematic, partly due to multiple data analysis methods and no definitive statement on which one is better. According to our survey, the correctness of arterial blood gas analysis is unsatisfactory, especially in mixed disorders, which do not always manifest an obvious set of symptoms. Therefore, ABG parameters can be used as an established biomarker panel, which is considered to be a powerful tool for personalized medicine. Moreover, using different approaches to analyze acid-base disorders can lead to varying diagnoses in some cases. Because of these problems, we developed a mobile application that can spot diagnostic differences by taking into account physiological and chemical approaches, including their variants, with a corrected anion gap. The proposed application is characterized by a high percentage of correct analyses and can be an essential aid for diagnosing acid-base disturbances.

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Effects of buspirone on posthypoxic ventilatory behavior in the C57BL/6J and A/J mouse strains

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00069.2008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 105 (2) ◽

pp. 518-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Motoo Yamauchi ◽

Jesse Dostal ◽

Hiroshi Kimura ◽

Kingman P. Strohl

Keyword(s):

Partial Agonist ◽

Blood Gases ◽

Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Periodic Breathing ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Mouse Strains ◽

Arterial Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Arterial Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Brain Stem Injury

Buspirone, a partial agonist of the serotonergic 5-HT1A receptor, improves breathing irregularities in humans with Rett syndrome or brain stem injury. The purpose of this study was to examine whether buspirone alters posthypoxic ventilatory behavior in C57BL/6J (B6) and A/J mouse strains. Measurements of ventilatory behavior were collected from unanesthetized adult male mice ( n = 6 for each strain) using the plethysmographic method. Mice were given intraperitoneal injections of vehicle or several doses of buspirone and exposed to 2 min of hypoxia (10% O2) followed by rapid reoxygenation (100% O2). Twenty minutes later, mice were tested for hypercapnic response (8% CO2-92% O2). On a separate day, mice were injected with the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist 4-iodo- N-{2-[4-(methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethyl}- N-2-pyridinylbenzamide ( p-MPPI) before the injection of buspirone, and measurements were repeated. In separate studies, arterial blood-gas analysis was performed for each strain ( n = 12 in B6 and 10 in A/J) with buspirone or vehicle. In both strains, buspirone stimulated ventilation at rest. In the B6 mice, the hypoxic response was unchanged, but the response to hypercapnia was reduced with buspirone (5 mg/kg; P < 0.05). With reoxygenation, vehicle-treated B6 exhibited periodic breathing and greater variation in ventilation compared with A/J ( P < 0.01). In B6 animals, ≥3 mg/kg of buspirone reduced variation and prevented the occurrence of posthypoxic periodic breathing. Both effects were reversed by p-MPPI. Treatment effect of buspirone was not explained by a difference in resting arterial blood gases. We conclude that buspirone improves posthypoxic ventilatory irregularities in the B6 mouse through its agonist effects on the 5-HT1A receptor.

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Evaluation of the cardiopulmonary and antinociceptive effects of bupivacaine administered epidurally at the first lumbar vertebra in awake dogs

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/1678-4162-8886 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 1395-1402

Author(s):

P.E.S. Silva ◽

N. Nunes ◽

A.P. Gering ◽

T.C. Prada ◽

A.P.R. Simões ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Antinociceptive Effect ◽

Lumbar Vertebra ◽

Blood Gases ◽

Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Parametric Data

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of epidural bupivacaine administration at the first lumbar vertebra on cardiopulmonary variables, arterial blood gases and anti-nociception. Sixteen healthy female dogs were randomly assigned into two groups based on bupivacaine dose: G1 group, 1mg kg-1 or G2 group, 2mg kg-1, diluted in the same final volume (1mL4kg-1). Cardiopulmonary variables were measured and arterial blood gas was collected (T0), it was repeated 10 minutes after intravenous administration of butorphanol 0.4mg kg -1 (T1). Anesthesia was induced with intravenous etomidate at 2mg kg-1 and the epidural catheter was introduced and placed at the first lumbar vertebra. Thirty minutes later, bupivacaine was administered epidurally. Cardiopulmonary measurements and arterial blood gas analysis were recorded at 10 minute intervals (T2 to T6). Evaluation of pre surgical anti-nociception was performed at 5 minute intervals for 30 minutes by clamping the hind limbs, anus, vulva, and tail with the dogs awake. Subsequently, ovariohysterectomy was performed and adequacy of surgical anti-nociception was evaluated at 5 time points. Parametric data were analyzed using the F test with a <0.05 significance. After bupivacaine administration, there were differences between groups just for bicarbonate means (HCO3 -) on T6 (P=0.0198), with 18.7±1.3 and 20.4±0.8 for G1 and G2, respectively. After T1, before bupivacaine administration, both groups presented a slightly lower pH, base excess (BE), the end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (PECO2), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), suggesting mild metabolic acidosis. G2 showed better antinociceptive effect both before and during surgery. It was possible to perform ovariohysterectomy in 87.5% of the G2 bitches and 25% of the G1 bitches. The two doses of bupivacaine evaluated do not cause important alterations in the studied parameters and the dose of 2mg kg-1 results in a better antinociceptive effect.

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