Does adipose tissue influence bioelectric impedance in obese men and women?

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N. Baumgartner ◽  
Robert Ross ◽  
Steven B. Heymsfield
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Bioelectric Impedance Analysis ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Bioelectric Impedance

Baumgartner, Richard N., Robert Ross, and Steven B. Heymsfield. Does adipose tissue influence bioelectric impedance in obese men and women? J. Appl. Physiol.84(1): 257–262, 1998.—Bioelectric-impedance analysis overestimates fat-free mass in obese people. No clear hypotheses have been presented or tested that explain this effect. This study tested the hypothesis that adipose tissue affects measurements of resistance by using data for whole body and body segment resistance and by using muscle, adipose tissue, and bone volumes from magnetic resonance imaging for 86 overweight and obese men and women (body mass index >27 kg/m2; age 38.5 ± 10.2 yr). In multiple-regression analysis, muscle volumes had strong associations with resistance, confirming that the electric currents are conducted primarily in the lean soft tissues. Subcutaneous adipose tissue had a slight but statistically significant effect in women, primarily for the leg, suggesting that adipose tissue can affect measured resistance when the volume of adipose tissue is greater than muscle volume, as may occur in obese women in particular. This resulted in a slight overestimation of fat-free mass (e.g., +3 kg) when a bioelectric- impedance-analysis equation calibrated for nonobese female subjects was applied.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Body Composition and the Loss of Fat-Free Mass through Bioelectric Impedance Analysis in Patients Who Underwent Open Gastric Bypass

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Rodrigues de Freitas Junior ◽  
Elias Jirjoss Ilias ◽  
Paulo Kassab ◽  
Roberto Cordts ◽  
Paulo Gustavo Porto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Bioelectric Impedance Analysis ◽  
Open Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bioelectric Impedance ◽  
The World

Background. Bariatric surgery is considered an effective option for the management of morbid obesity. The incidence of obesity has been gradually increasing all over the world reaching epidemic proportions in some regions of the world. Obesity can cause a reduction of up to 22% in the life expectancy of morbidly obese patients.Objective. The objective of this paper is to assess the weight loss associated with the first 6 months after bariatric surgery using bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) for the evaluation of fat mass and fat-free mass.Method. A total of 36 morbidly obese patients were subjected to open gastric bypass surgery. The patients weight was monitored before and after the procedure using the bioelectric impedance analysis.Results. Bariatric surgery resulted in an average percentage of weight loss of 28.6% (40 kg) as determined 6 months after the procedure was performed. Analysis of the different components of body weight indicated an undesirable loss of fat-free mass along with the reduction of total body weight.Conclusion. Open gastric bypass induced a significant loss of total weight and loss of fat-free mass in patients six months after the surgery. The use of bioelectric impedance analysis resulted in an appropriate estimation of the total weight components in individuals subjected to bariatric surgery allowing a more real analysis of the variation of weight after the surgery.

Regional muscle and adipose tissue amino acid metabolism in lean and obese women

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (4) ◽  
pp. E931-E936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce W. Patterson ◽  
Jeffrey F. Horowitz ◽  
Guoyao Wu ◽  
Malcolm Watford ◽  
Simon W. Coppack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Isotope Tracer

The effect of obesity on regional skeletal muscle and adipose tissue amino acid metabolism is not known. We evaluated systemic and regional (forearm and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue) amino acid metabolism, by use of a combination of stable isotope tracer and arteriovenous balance methods, in five lean women [body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2] and five women with abdominal obesity (BMI 35.0–39.9 kg/m2; waist circumference >100 cm) who were matched on fat-free mass (FFM). All subjects were studied at 22 h of fasting to ensure that the subjects were in net protein breakdown during this early phase of starvation. Leucine rate of appearance in plasma (an index of whole body proteolysis), expressed per unit of FFM, was not significantly different between lean and obese groups (2.05 ± 0.18 and 2.34 ± 0.04 μmol · kg FFM−1 · min−1, respectively). However, the rate of leucine release from forearm and adipose tissues in obese women (24.0 ± 4.8 and 16.6 ± 6.5 nmol · 100 g−1 · min−1, respectively) was lower than in lean women (66.8 ± 10.6 and 38.6 ± 7.0 nmol · 100 g−1 · min−1, respectively; P < 0.05). Approximately 5–10% of total whole body leucine release into plasma was derived from adipose tissue in lean and obese women. The results of this study demonstrate that the rate of release of amino acids per unit of forearm and adipose tissue at 22 h of fasting is lower in women with abdominal obesity than in lean women, which may help obese women decrease body protein losses during fasting. In addition, adipose tissue is a quantitatively important site for proteolysis in both lean and obese subjects.

Influence of muscular development, obesity, and age on the fat-free mass of adults

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Womersley ◽  
J. V. Durnin ◽  
K. Boddy ◽  
M. Mahaffy
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Muscular Development ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Water Measurement

Body fat and the fat-free mass (FFM) were estimated in 36 men and 43 women deliberately chosen to represent a variety of physical types; these were 1) young sedentary, 2) “muscular,” 3) younger obese, 4) older obese, and 5) older nonobese individuals of both sexes. The body fat and the FFM were estimated from measurements of body density (by total immersion in water, measurement being made of the residual volume of air present in the lungs at immersion) and from measurements of total body potassium (using a whole-body monitor to assess the natural 40K isotope present in the body). The muscular men and women and the younger obese men and women had a considerably greater FFM and thus had greater quantities of potassium than the corresponding sedentary groups. There were significantly different estimates of the FFM calculated from density and from total body K in three groups, the sedentary young men, the muscular, and the younger obese women. The density and the potassium content of the FFM appear to decline with obesity and aging. Muscular development is associated with a decrease in the density but an increase in the potassium content of the FFM.

New insights into body composition assessment in obese women

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
A De Lorenzo ◽  
R P Sorge ◽  
N Candeloro ◽  
C Di Campli ◽  
G Sesti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Bioelectric Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectric Impedance ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Total Body

During treatment of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, there may be marked body weight loss. Therefore, body composition should be monitored to check for a decrease in fat mass alone, without an excessive decrease of both fat-free mass and total body water. Accordingly, it is useful to monitor the hydration of these patients. One method that allows us to check the status of body hydration is the multifrequency bioelectric impedance analysis (MFBIA). It makes use of formulas that estimate total body water on the basis of the concept that the human body may be approximated to a cylinder of length equal to body height. In normal subjects body water estimates are sufficiently accurate, but in obese subjects the true hydration status may be overestimated. In this report, we describe the accuracy of mathematical models previously described in the literature, and correct for the overestimation of total body water in obese subjects by means of a new equation based on a new model. The coefficients for each model have been recalculated by the weighing of our sample in order to test the accuracy of estimates obtained with the equations. This new model includes both body volume and two impedances at appropriate frequencies useful for identifying two terms strictly related to extra- and intra-cellular water. The new formulas do not include body weight, but they include the body volume, a parameter more closely related to the biophysical reference model. Fifty-five overweight females, body mass index ranging from 26.8 to 50.2 kg/m2, were enrolled in the study. The proposed equations, taking advantage of two impedance values at appropriate frequencies, better predict total body water in obese women. This was particularly evident when the results obtained with the multifrequency bioelectric impedance analysis and deuterium isotopic oxide dilution method were compared. Although this last method is considered the "gold standard," it is not suitable for use in routine clinical practice. In conclusion, evaluation of total body composition by means of bioelectric impedance analysis might be included in programs for the prevention of non-insulin-dependent diabetes and for monitoring weight loss during overt pathology.Key words: body composition, bioelectrical impedance, obesity, diabetes mellitus, extracellular water, intracellular water.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN CHILDREN WITH CANCER: COMPARISON OF DEUTERIUM OXIDE DILUTION WITH BIOELECTRIC IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS AND ANTHROPOMETRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estela Beatriz Behling ◽  
José Simon Camelo Júnior ◽  
Eduardo Ferriolli ◽  
Karina Pfrimer ◽  
Jacqueline Pontes Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Fat Mass ◽  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Bioimpedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectric Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectric Impedance ◽  
Tumor Group ◽  
Triceps Skinfold Thickness

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore changes in the nutritional status of pediatric cancer patients before and after chemotherapy and evaluate the correlation between deuterium oxide dilution, bioelectric impedance analysis, and anthropometry for assessment of body composition. Methods: This study included 14 children (aged 5.6 to 13.6 years) and classified them as having hematologic or solid tumors. They had their body composition analyzed according to deuterium oxide, bioelectric impedance, and anthropometric measurements before the first chemotherapy cycle and after three and six months of therapy. Results: The patients in the hematologic tumor group had an increase in weight, height, body mass index, waist, hip, and arm circumference, subscapular skinfold thickness, and fat mass with the isotope dilution technique during chemotherapy. In the solid tumor group, the children showed a reduction in fat-free mass when assessed by bioimpedance analysis. We found a positive correlation between the triceps skinfold thickness and fat mass determined by bioimpedance analysis and deuterium oxide. The arm muscle circumference correlated with the fat-free mass estimated by bioimpedance analysis and deuterium oxide. Conclusions: Patients with hematologic tumors had an increase in body weight, height, and fat mass, which was not identified in the solid tumor group. The positive correlation between anthropometry (triceps skinfold thickness and arm muscle circumference), deuterium oxide dilution, and bioelectric impedance analysis shows the applicability of anthropometry in clinical practice.

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