Functional Overlap of Finger Representations in Human SI and SII Cortices

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1661-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Simões ◽  
Markus Mertens ◽  
Nina Forss ◽  
Veikko Jousmäki ◽  
Bernd Lütkenhöner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Index Finger ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Response Latencies ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Somatosensory Cortices ◽  
Somatosensory Evoked Fields ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

We aimed to find out to what extent functional representations of different fingers of the two hands overlap at the human primary and secondary somatosensory cortices SI and SII. Somatosensory evoked fields (SEFs) were recorded with a 306-channel neuromagnetometer from 8 subjects. Tactile stimuli, produced by diaphragms driven by compressed air, were delivered to the fingertips in three different conditions. First, the right index finger was stimulated once every 2 s. Then two other stimuli were interspersed, in different sessions, to right- or left-hand fingers (thumb, middle finger, or ring finger) between the successive right index finger stimuli. Strengths of the responses to right index finger stimuli were evaluated in each condition. Responses to right index finger stimuli were modeled by three current dipoles, located at the contralateral SI and the SII cortices of both hemispheres. The earliest SI responses, peaking around 65 ms, were suppressed by 18% ( P < 0.05) when the intervening stimuli were presented to the same hand; intervening stimuli to the other hand had no effect. The SII responses were bilaterally suppressed by intervening stimuli presented to either hand: in the left SII, the suppression was 39 and 42% ( P < 0.01) and in the right SII 67 and 72% ( P < 0.001) during left- and right-sided intervening stimuli, respectively. Left- and right-sided intervening stimuli affected similarly the SII responses and had no effect on the response latencies. The results indicate a strong and symmetric overlap of finger representations for both hands in the human SII cortices, and a weaker functional overlap for fingers of the same hand in the SI cortex.

Choice Reaction Times for Structural Relationships between Possible Response Sequences

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1203-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Shidoji
Keyword(s):  
Index Finger ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Middle Ring ◽  
The Right ◽  
Choice Reaction Times

To investigate human motor programming, choice reaction times were measured on tasks for which subjects made choices between two alternative finger-tapping-movement sequences. The total-number-of-responses and the hierarchical editor models were tested. In Exp. 1 the choice was carried on the situations with the same total numbers of possible responses and different structural relations between alternative sequences. The right-hand reaction times in mirror choice (e.g., subject chose between the middle, index, and ring finger sequences of the left or right hand) were shorter than those in nonmirror choice (e.g., subject chose between the middle, index, and ring finger sequence on one hand and the middle, ring, and index finger sequence on the other hand); the total-number-of-responses model was not supported. In Exp. 2 two conditions had the same operation numbers of the hierarchical editor model. In Condition 1 subjects chose between the index finger of the right hand and the ring, index, and middle finger sequence of the left hand. In Condition 2 subjects chose between the index, ring, and middle finger sequences of the left or right hand. The reaction time in the former condition was shorter than that in the latter condition. Exp. 2 exhibited a counterexample of the hierarchical editor model that had been fairly robust in previous studies.

scholarly journals REGRESSION ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE STATURE FROM HAND ANTHROPOMETRY AMONG ILOCANO POPULATION IN PHILIPPINES FOR PERSON IDENTIFICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
T.Nataraja Moorthy
Keyword(s):  
Ring Finger ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Human Hand ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Person Identification ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Length Measurements ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hand Length

Stature determination aids the person identification during forensic investigation. The human hand research is the current topic of interest among forensic scientist, forensic medicine experts and anthropologists. Based on sample size analysis, the study involved consented 60 males and 60 females, age ranged from 18 to 55 years old. Stature and hand lengths measurements were made with Stadiometer and Vernier Calipers for analysis.  From each participant, ten hand length measurements, five from left and five from right hands were taken. The five length measurements in left hand are the inter-distance between the distal traverse crease of the wrist (LH) and tip of thumb (T), index finger (I), middle finger (M), ring finger (R) & little finger (L), as abbreviated LHT, LHI, LHM, LHR and LHL. Similarly, the right hand lengths indicated as RHT, RHI, RHM, RHR, and RHL.  The data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS software, version 23 and column chart. The information about age, gender, name, and place of origin of the participants was coded for easy reference. This study finally developed regression equations to determine stature from hand anthropometry among Ilocano population in Philippines for person identification

scholarly journals Analysis of the effect of fingertip size for sex differences in current perception thresholds with transcutaneous electrical stimulation in healthy subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichiro Seno ◽  
Hideaki Shimazu ◽  
Eiki Kogure ◽  
Atsushi Watanabe ◽  
Hiroko Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Perception Threshold ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Current Perception Threshold ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Little Finger

Abstract Objective This study aimed to measure the current perception threshold (CPT) of five fingertips of the left hand in healthy subjects and analyze whether sex differences in perception thresholds are suppressed when adjusting for fingertip size among males and females. Results For fingertips from the thumb to the little finger, the males’ CPT values were 1.03, 0.83, 0.86, 0.86, and 0.88 mA; the females’ results were 0.63, 0.55, 0.54, 0.51, and 0.50 mA. The CPTs were higher in males than in females for every fingertip. Upon adjusting for fingertip length, the log-transformed CPT values were found to have sex differences, except for the index finger: thumb, t(20.05) = 3.493, p = 0.002; middle finger, U(30) = 44.50, p = 0.005; ring finger, t(30) = 55.50, p = 0.018; little finger, U(30) = 30.00, p = 0.001. Similarly, the CPT values, transformed into log values when adjusting for the fingertip area, were found to have sex differences for three fingertips: thumb, t(18) = 2.649, p = 0.016; middle finger, U(20) = 12.00, p = 0.004; ring finger, t(18) = 2.206, p = 0.041. According to this study, sex differences in CPTs were not completely abolished by adjusting for fingertip length or area.

Puzzles

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anany Levitin ◽  
Maria Levitin
Keyword(s):  
Ring Finger ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
The Other ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Matching Pair ◽  
The Right ◽  
Little Finger

1. A Wolf, a Goat, and a Cabbage A man finds himself on a riverbank with a wolf, a goat, and a head of cabbage. He needs to transport all three to the other side of the river in his boat. However, the boat has room for only the man himself and one other item (either the wolf, the goat, or the cabbage). In his absence, the wolf would eat the goat, and the goat would eat the cabbage. Show how the man can get all these “passengers” to the other side. 2. Glove Selection There are 20 gloves in a drawer: 5 pairs of black gloves, 3 pairs of brown, and 2 pairs of gray. You select the gloves in the dark and can check them only after a selection has been made. What is the smallest number of gloves you need to select to guarantee getting the following? (a) At least one matching pair (b) At least one matching pair of each color 3. Rectangle Dissection Find all values of n > 1 for which one can dissect a rectangle into n right triangles, and outline an algorithm for doing such a dissection. 4. Ferrying Soldiers A detachment of 25 soldiers must cross a wide and deep river with no bridge in sight. They notice two 12-year-old boys playing in a rowboat by the shore. The boat is so tiny, however, that it can only hold two boys or one soldier. How can the soldiers get across the river and leave the boys in joint possession of the boat? How many times does the boat pass from shore to shore in your algorithm? 5. Row and Column Exchanges Can one transform the left table in Figure 2.1 into the right table by exchanging its rows and columns? 6. Predicting a Finger Count A little girl counts from 1 to 1000 using the fingers of her left hand as follows. She starts by calling her thumb 1, the first finger 2, middle finger 3, ring finger 4, and little finger 5.

scholarly journals Neural support of manual preference revealed by BOLD variations during right and left finger-tapping in a sample of 287 healthy adults balanced for handedness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Tzourio-Mazoyer ◽  
Loïc Labache ◽  
Laure Zago ◽  
Isabelle Hesling ◽  
Bernard Mazoyer
Keyword(s):  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Left Handedness ◽  
Somatosensory Cortices ◽  
Hand Control ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Somatosensory Areas

AbstractWe have identified the brain areas involved in Manual Preference (MP) in 143 left-handers (LH) and 144 right-handers (RH)). First, we selected the pairs of homotopic regions of interest (hROIs) of the AICHA atlas with significant contralateral activation and asymmetry during the right-hand and the left-hand Finger-Tapping (FT) both in RH and LH. Thirteen hROIs were selected, including the primary and secondary sensorimotor, and premotor cortices, thalamus, dorsal putamen and cerebellar lobule IV. Both contralateral activations and ipsilateral deactivations (reversed for the cerebellum) were seen in primary motor and somatosensory areas, with stronger asymmetries when the preferred hand was used. Comparing the prediction of MP with different combinations of BOLD variations in these 13 hROIs, the differences between movement of the preferred hand versus that of the non-preferred hand within the contralateral and/or ipsilateral cortices of 11 hROIS performed best at explaining handedness distribution, Handedness is thus supported by: 1-between-hand variations of ipsilateral deactivations of hand primary sensorimotor and secondary somatosensory cortices and 2-variations in regions showing the same profile in left and right-handers during the right or left FT. The present study demonstrates that right and left-handedness are not based on mirrored organization of hand control areas.

scholarly journals Description of ABO-Rhesus Blood Group and Fingerprint Patterns Students D-3 Teknologi Transfusi Darah of STIKES Guna Bangsa Yogyakarta

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
St. Raihanun ◽  
Diani Mentari ◽  
Meyta Wulandari ◽  
Relita Pebrina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Group A ◽  
Rhesus Blood Group ◽  
The Right

Human identification is the recognition of individuals based on some physical characteristics that are unique to individuals. Fingerprints are constant, individuality and form the most reliable criteria for identification. ABO-Rhesus Blood group is also one method used to identify someone, because blood type is inheritance. This research was conducted to see the description of ABO-Rhesus blood group and fingerprint patterns students D-3 Teknologi Transfusi Darah STIKES Guna Bangsa Yogyakarta. In this study using quantitative cross sectional descriptive research and blood group samples were taken using the slide method and fingerprint patterns were taken using the fingerprint method. In this study there were 78 samples, 58 females (74.36%) and 20 males (25.64%). The ABO blood group that is dominant is blood type O(35.90%), followed by blood group A(29.49%), B(28.21%), and AB(6.41%). The dominant Rhesus blood type is the positive Rhesus blood group. The percentage of fingerprint patterns in this study was loop 61.03%, whorl 37.56%, and arch 1.41%. The characteristics of the right and left hand fingerprint patterns have the same percentage of arch fingerprint patterns found on the index finger. Whorl fingerprint patterns are found on the ring finger. Loop fingerprint patterns are found on the little finger.

An Analysis of Finger Pinch Strength in Children

1986 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 667-671
Author(s):  
Sheik N. Irarhan
Keyword(s):  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Maximal Strength ◽  
Strength Data ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

This study examined 3 types of pinch strength and handgrip strength among children between the ages of 5.3 and 7.9 years. Maximal strength of four pulp pinches, the chuck pinch and the lateral pinch were measured as well as maximal handgrip strength. Data analysis showed that the chuck and lateral pinched were the strongest while the pulp pinch with the little finger was the weakest. The pulp pincnes with the index and with the middle finger were stronger than that with the ring finger. Males were slightly stronger than females, the difference being only 13%. The right hand pinches were not significantly stronger than left hand pinches, the difference being only 5%. The major hand of subjects with dominant left hand was only 84% as strong as the major hand of subjects with dominant right hand. Pinch strength increased with age by 50% for a 2.6 year difference.

scholarly journals Bilateral anatomical variations of the hand extensors

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
Humberto Ferreira Arquez
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Extensor Digitorum ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Extensor Tendons ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
The Right ◽  
Little Finger

Background: The purpose of this paper is to describe an anatomical variation of the hand extensor on the little finger of the right hand which receives four tendons, condition unknown, as it is the first case reported so far in the literature. The human extensor tendons of hand often display an array of variations. Awareness of the anatomy and variations of the extensor tendons on the dorsum of the hand is necessary not only for the anatomist but also for surgeons when considering tendons for hand surgery, tendon rerouting or transplants. Materials and Methods: Bilateral anatomical variation in the upper limb was found during routine dissection in a 75-year-old male cadaver in the Morphology Laboratory at the University of Pamplona. The variations were recorded and photographed. Result: In the left hand the extensor digitorum there was a single tendon to the index, double tendon to the middle, triple tendon to the ring finger, a single tendon to the little finger or digiti minimi. The extensor digiti minimi has double tendon. In the right hand the extensor digitorum there was a single tendon to the index, triple tendon to the middle finger, triple tendons to the ring finger, a double tendon to the little finger. The extensor digiti minimi has double tendon. The little finger receives four tendons, 2 of extensor digitorum and 2 of extensor digiti minimi. The dorsum of the left hand and right showed juncturae tendinum type 2, between the extensors tendons in the 3rd intermetacarpal space; type 3, between the extensors tendons in the 4th inter metacarpal space. Conclusion: The presence of multiple tendons may alter the kinematics around the site of attachment to the phalanx. Knowledge of anatomical variations and normal anatomy of the extensor tendons, may be helpful while performing graft and tendon transfer operations.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(2) 2016 p.278-282

Bilateral Opponens Replacement in Post Polio Thenar Paralysis, Using Different Techniques. A Case Report.

HAND ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol os-15 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Andersen ◽  
J. W. Brandsma
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Abductor Digiti Minimi ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

A patient is presented with bilateral thenar paralysis, due to poliomyelitis. On the right hand a successful abductor digiti minimi transfer was performed. On the left hand weakness of the hypothenar muscles prevented a good result. Subsequently an opponens replacement, using flexor digitorum superficialis from the ring finger, yielded a good result.

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