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2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-380
Author(s):  
Francesca D’Elia ◽  
Tiziana D’Isanto ◽  
Gaetano Altavilla ◽  
Gaetano Raiola

Study purpose. This study aims to verify if there are significant differences and which type of correlation is between anthropometric and jumping ability variables by testing a group (elite) of Italian volleyball players (under 16), just after a month of training, applying a specific protocol. Materials and methods. In all subjects, the following anthropometric and jumping ability parameters were assessed: height, weight, body mass index, height with a stretched arm (Reach1) and height with two extended arms (Reach2). The jumping ability was measured with the Squat jump (SJ) and Run-Up (RU) test. All data on anthropometric and jumping ability parameters were presented as mean and standard deviation (Mean ± SD). Results. The results of the jumping ability parameters (Squat Jump and Run-Up) showed significant differences between treatment initial-final: Run-Up with p = 0.000 and Squat Jump with p = 0.001; and these showed a higher correlation, especially the variables linked to the ability to jump, evident differences compared to the initial period of treatment. Conclusions. In high-level youth volleyball, the anthropometric and jumping ability profile is directly linked to the evaluation and continuous monitoring of physical qualities, and jumping ability becomes an important aspect for the control of performance.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2136 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
Shuo Guo ◽  
JianGuo Yu ◽  
Shuaishuai Su

Abstract In order to effectively deal with the problems in the allowable fatigue strength data of weld joints of steering structures, it is necessary to carry out comparative tests and analyses according to various structural stress methods and data. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the applied strength standard of bogie welded structure in China, and aiming at the application of weld structural stress at the present stage, this paper constructs the fatigue diagram and S-N curve of Q345 weld seam based on the actual tested structural stress, and starts with the result study.


Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1647
Author(s):  
Abdalla Alrashdan ◽  
Atef M. Ghaleb ◽  
Malek Almobarek

Most daily tasks require exerting static grip strength which can be challenging for the elderly as their strength diminishes with age. Moreover, normative static grip strength data are important in ergonomics and clinical settings. The goal of this study is to present the gender, age-specific, hand-specific, and body-mass-index-specific handgrip strength reference of Saudi males and females in order to describe the population’s occupational demand and to compare them with the international standards. The secondary objective is to investigate the effects of gender, age group, hand area, and body mass index on the grip strength. A sample of 297 (146 male and 151 female) volunteers aged between 18 and 70 with different occupations participated in the study. Grip strength data were collected using a Jamar dynamometer with standard test position, protocol, and instructions. The mean maximum voluntary grip strength values for males were 38.71 kg and 22.01 kg, respectively. There was a curvilinear relationship of grip strength to age; significant differences between genders, hand area, and some age groups; and a correlation to hand dimensions depending on the gender.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1167 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
K. Ashwini ◽  
P. Srinivasa Rao

In this paper, the flexural strength of concrete using alccofine and nano-silica was investigated experimentally and analytically. 15% alccofine and 3% nano-silica by weight of cement was used as a binary and ternary blend in three concrete grades M40, M50, and M60. Compressive strength and flexural strength were obtained experimentally by curing the specimens in water for 28 days. The empirical equation between compressive strength and flexural strength in the form of fr =bfc’n was obtained using regression analysis. The proposed empirical relation was compared with relations given by a code of practices and the relations reported by other researchers for predicting flexural strength using the compressive strength of concrete. The accuracy of the proposed empirical relation was validated using various statistical equations. From the experimental results, it was found that the cubic compressive strength and flexural strength of ternary blended concrete mixes using alccofine and nano-silica was 20 to 29% and 32 to 39 % higher compared to the control mixes. From the values of statistical equations, the proposed relation was found accurate. It showed less error compared to other relations and can be used to determine flexural strength results based on compressive strength data.


2021 ◽  
Vol 902 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
T Maryati ◽  
T Nugroho ◽  
Sundari ◽  
S H C Dewi

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fatliquor level on the physical quality of Indonesian rabbit fur leather. A total of 15 sheets of Indonesian local rabbit leather (30 cm long and 26 cm wide) were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 3 replicates. The five treatments were level of fatliquor: 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. In this study, the physical quality of rabbit fur leather was measured in tension, elongation, tensile strength, and tear strength. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. Level of fatliquor affects (P<0.05) softness, elongation, tensile strength, and tear strength of rabbit fur leather. The use of fatliquor up to 20% increased the rabbit leather softness and elongation, but there was a decrease at 25%. The use of 10% fatliquor produces the highest tensile strength. The highest tear strength resulted from the use of fatliquor levels of 5% and 15%. It is concluded that using 20% fatliquor on the fatliquoring process of rabbit fur leather tanning produces the best physical quality.


2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
Luis Felipe Guilardi ◽  
Arie Werner ◽  
Niek de Jager ◽  
Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira ◽  
Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan ◽  
...  

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effect of surface roughness (polished vs. CAD/CAM milling simulation) on impact strength of five dental ceramics for manufacturing CAD/CAM monolithic restorations. Specimens of five ceramics (FC- feldspathic glass-ceramic; PICN- polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network; ZLS- zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic; LD- lithium disilicate glass-ceramic; YZ- yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ceramic) to be tested under impact (15×10×2mm3; n= 15) were divided into two groups, according to surface treatment: polishing (pol) and grinding (gri) as CAD/CAM milling simulation. Impact strength was tested using the Dynstat method. Roughness, topographic, fractographic and finite element analyses were performed. The impact strength data were analyzed by Weibull, and Pearson correlation was used to correlate roughness and impact strength data. The CAD/CAM milling simulation led to significantly (p<0.05) greater roughness (Ra and Rz) and statistically reduced the impact strength for PICN (polPICN= 4.59 to griPICN= 1.09; ±76% decrease), for LD (polLD= 17.69 to griLD= 10.09; ±43% decrease) and for YZ (polYZ= 74.99 to griYZ= 20.67; ±72% decrease) ceramics; and also promoted a more irregular topography with scratches and grooves. Fractographic and FEA analyses depicted the origin of failure at the higher stress concentration side during the impact test, where the pendulum impacted. The CAD/CAM milling simulation significantly decreased the impact strength of the evaluated ceramic materials.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yuxuan Wu ◽  
Hanyang Xie ◽  
Jyun-You Chiang ◽  
Gang Peng ◽  
Yan Qin

Glass fiber is a good substitute for metal materials. However, in the process of manufacturing, it is necessary to carry out sampling inspection on its tensile strength to infer its quality. According to previous literatures, the strength data can be well fitted by the Weibull distribution, while the poor parameter estimation method cannot obtain reliable analysis results. Therefore, a new parameter estimation method is proposed. Based on the simulation results, it is found that the proposed parameter estimation method outperforms the other competitors to obtain reliable estimates of the Weibull parameters. Finally, the proposed parameter estimation method is applied to two real data sets of glass fiber strength for illustration. The results of data analysis show that our proposed parameter estimation method is more suitable for these data sets than other estimation methods.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tiejun Zeng ◽  
Xiaohua Yang ◽  
Yaping Wan ◽  
Panpan Jiang ◽  
Liu Zhenghai

The loss and theft of radioactive material in transport can be attributed to the illegal movement. In order to distinguish it from the movement caused by the turbulence of the transportation vehicle, this paper proposes the criterion of “illegal movement” as the movement of radioactive materials outside the transportation compartment. Since the interior of the compartment is generally a metal environment, this paper proposes wireless signal strength data as a sensing method. The wireless signal strength data is filtered and converted into distance data. We construct a spatial triangle perpendicular to the top and sides of the compartment based on the distance data. When the radioactive material is inside the compartment, the angle between its corresponding point and the top plane of the compartment is less than 90°. Once it moves out of the compartment, the angle will be greater than 90°. Based on this, a sensing method of “illegal movement” based on spatial triangles is proposed. The simulation research shows that the scheme proposed in this paper is feasible.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8294
Author(s):  
Caijun Zhao ◽  
Kai Way Li ◽  
Cannan Yi

Gloves are used at workplaces to protect hands and fingers from potential hazards. Three types of work gloves were assessed in terms of the strength of grip, carrying, and lifting. Thirty adults (14 males and 16 females) joined as human participants. The strength data were measured under bare hand and three gloved conditions. The grip spans in the grip strength measurements included 45 mm, 55 mm, 65 mm, and 75 mm. The carrying strength was measured for both dominant and non-dominant hands under leg straight and semi-squat postural conditions. The lifting strength was measured at a semi-squat posture. The results showed that glove (p < 0.0001), grip span (p = 0.001), gender (p < 0.0001), and handedness (p < 0.0001) all affected grip strength significantly. Wearing the gloves tested in this study led to a decrease of grip strength up to 22.9%, on average, depending on gender, grip span, and hand tested. Wearing the cotton gloves led to a decrease of one-handed carrying strength ranged from 3.5% to 9.7% for female participants. All the participants took advantages in carrying strength when wearing the cut-resistant gloves. The leg lifting strength data indicated that the effects of the gloves were insignificant. The information of this study is beneficial for practitioners in the design of manual materials handling tasks concerning the use of work gloves.


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