scholarly journals Electromagnetic Modelling of Raman Enhancement from Nanoscale Structures as a Means to Predict the Efficacy of SERS Substrates

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. C. Brown ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Martin J. T. Milton
Keyword(s):  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Structured Surfaces ◽  
Nanoscale Structures ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Raman Enhancement ◽  
Electromagnetic Modelling ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
First Time

The requirement to optimise the balance between signal enhancement and reproducibility in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is stimulating the development of novel substrates for enhancing Raman signals. This paper describes the application of finite element electromagnetic modelling to predict the Raman enhancement produced from a variety of SERS substrates with differently sized, spaced and shaped morphologies with nanometre dimensions. For the first time, a theoretical comparison between four major generic types of SERS substrate (including metal nanoparticles, structured surfaces, and sharp tips) has been performed and the results are presented and discussed. The results of the modelling are consistent with published experimental data from similar substrates.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Silver Nanodendrites on Copper for Detecting Rhodamine 6G in Chili Powder Using Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quynh-Ngan Luong ◽  
Tran Cao Dao ◽  
Thi Thu Vu ◽  
Manh Cuong Nguyen ◽  
Nhu Duong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Rhodamine 6G ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Silver Nanodendrites

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is increasingly being used as a method for detecting traces of contaminants in a variety of specimens. In order to maximize SERS’s performance, the most important thing is to have highly active SERS substrates. In this report, we present a simple method for synthesizing silver nanodendrites (AgNDs) on the surface of a copper (Cu) plate using chemical deposition method. The results showed that, after fabrication, a large number of fern-like AgNDs formed on the Cu surface. These AgNDs are distributed evenly across the entire Cu surface with a relatively thick density. The prepared AgNDs were applied as SERS substrates for detecting Rhodamine 6G (R6G) in chili powders. The results showed that, using the prepared AgNDs substrates, as low as 10−10 M R6G in chili powders can be detected. This demonstrates the applicability of fabricated AgNDs as a highly active SERS substrate.

scholarly journals Surface Plasmons and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectra of Aggregated and Alloyed Gold-Silver Nanoparticles

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Fleger ◽  
M. Rosenbluh
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Gold And Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Raman Enhancement ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

Effects of size, morphology, and composition of gold and silver nanoparticles on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are studied with the purpose of optimizing SERS substrates. Various gold and silver films made by evaporation and subsequent annealing give different morphologies and compositions of nanoparticles and thus different position of the SPR peak. SERS measurements of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid obtained from these films reveal that the proximity of the SPR peak to the exciting laser wavelength is not the only factor leading to the highest Raman enhancement. Silver nanoparticles evaporated on top of larger gold nanoparticles show higher SERS than gold-silver alloyed nanoparticles, in spite of the fact that the SPR peak of alloyed nanoparticles is narrower and closer to the excitation wavelength. The highest Raman enhancement was obtained for substrates with a two-peak particle size distribution for excitation wavelengths close to the SPR.

scholarly journals Genetic Algorithm-Driven Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrate Optimization

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2905
Author(s):  
Buse Bilgin ◽  
Cenk Yanik ◽  
Hulya Torun ◽  
Mehmet Cengiz Onbasli
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Strong Electric Field ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Raman Signal ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Design Constraints ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a highly sensitive and molecule-specific detection technique that uses surface plasmon resonances to enhance Raman scattering from analytes. In SERS system design, the substrates must have minimal or no background at the incident laser wavelength and large Raman signal enhancement via plasmonic confinement and grating modes over large areas (i.e., squared millimeters). These requirements impose many competing design constraints that make exhaustive parametric computational optimization of SERS substrates prohibitively time consuming. Here, we demonstrate a genetic-algorithm (GA)-based optimization method for SERS substrates to achieve strong electric field localization over wide areas for reconfigurable and programmable photonic SERS sensors. We analyzed the GA parameters and tuned them for SERS substrate optimization in detail. We experimentally validated the model results by fabricating the predicted nanostructures using electron beam lithography. The experimental Raman spectrum signal enhancements of the optimized SERS substrates validated the model predictions and enabled the generation of a detailed Raman profile of methylene blue fluorescence dye. The GA and its optimization shown here could pave the way for photonic chips and components with arbitrary design constraints, wavelength bands, and performance targets.

scholarly journals Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Based on a Silver-Film Semi-Coated Nanosphere Array

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 3966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wending Zhang ◽  
Tianyang Xue ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Fanfan Lu ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Thermal Evaporation Method ◽  
Raman Enhancement ◽  
Target Analytes ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Difference Time ◽  
Ag Film

In this paper, we present a convenient and economical method to fabricate a silver (Ag)-film semi-coated polystyrene (PS) nanosphere array substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The SERS substrate was fabricated using the modified self-assembled method combined with the vacuum thermal evaporation method. By changing the thickness of the Ag film, the surface morphology of the Ag film coated on the PS nanospheres can be adjusted to obtain the optimized localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) effect. The 3D-finite-difference time-domain simulation results show that the SERS substrate with an Ag film thickness of 10 nm has tens of times the electric field intensity enhancement. The Raman examination results show that the SERS substrate has excellent reliability and sensitivity using rhodamine-6G (R6G) and rhodamine-B (RB) as target analytes, and the Raman sensitivity can reach 10−10 M. Meanwhile, the SERS substrate has excellent uniformity based on the Raman mapping result. The Raman enhancement factor of the SERS substrate was estimated to be 5.1 × 106. This kind of fabrication method for the SERS substrate may be used in some applications of Raman examination.

scholarly journals Silver Flowerlike Structures for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3184
Author(s):  
Gitchka G. Tsutsumanova ◽  
Neno D. Todorov ◽  
Stoyan C. Russev ◽  
Miroslav V. Abrashev ◽  
Victor G. Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Aluminum Surface ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Raman Enhancement ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

Micro- and nanoflowers are a class of materials composed of particles with high surface-to-volume ratio. They have been extensively studied in the last decade due to simple preparation protocols and promising applications in biosensing, as drug delivery agents, for water purification, and so on. Flowerlike objects, due to their highly irregular surface, may act also as plasmonic materials, providing resonant coupling between optical waves and surface plasmon excitations. This fact allows us to infer the possibility to use micro- and nanoflowers as effective surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate materials. Here, we report on the design and Raman enhancement properties of silver flowerlike structures, deposited on aluminum surface. A simple and cost-effective fabrication method is described, which leads to SERS substrates of high developed surface area. The morphology of the silver flowers on a nanoscale is characterized by self-organized quasiperiodic stacks of nanosheets, which act as plasmonic cavity resonators. The substrates were tested against rhodamine-6G (R6G) water solutions of concentration varying between 10−3 M and 10−7 M. Optimal SERS enhancement factors of up to 105 were established at R6G concentrations in the 10−6–10−7 M range.

scholarly journals Cyclodextrin-assisted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: a critical review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia E. Markina ◽  
Dana Cialla-May ◽  
Alexey V. Markin
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Real Potential ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Raman Enhancement ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Physicochemical Studies ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

AbstractNumerous approaches have been proposed to overcome the intrinsically low selectivity of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and the modification of SERS substrates with diverse recognition molecules is one of such approaches. In contrast to the use of antibodies, aptamers, and molecularly imprinted polymers, application of cyclodextrins (CDs) is still developing with less than 100 papers since 1993. Therefore, the main goal of this review is the critical analysis of all available papers on the use of CDs in SERS analysis, including physicochemical studies of CD complexation and the effect of CD presence on the Raman enhancement. The results of the review reveal that there is controversial information about CD efficiency and further experimental investigations have to be done in order to estimate the real potential of CDs in SERS-based analysis. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Silver Flowerlike Structures for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Genchev Ivanov ◽  
Gitchka Tsutsumanova ◽  
Neno Todorov ◽  
Stoyan Russev ◽  
Miroslav Abrashev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Aluminum Surface ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Raman Enhancement ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

Micro- and nanoflowers are a class of materials composed of particles with high surface-to-volume ratio. They are being extensively studied in the last decade due to simple preparation protocols and promising applications in biosensing, as drug delivery agents, for water purification and so on. Flowerlike objects, due to their highly irregular surface, may act also as plasmonic materials, providing resonant coupling between optical waves and surface plasmon excitations. This fact infers for the possibility to use micro- and nanoflowers as effective surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate materials. Here, we report on the design and Raman enhancement properties of silver flowerlike structures, deposited on aluminum surface. A simple and cost-effective fabrication method is described, which leads to SERS substrates of high developed surface area. The morphology of the silver flowers on a nanoscale is characterized by self-organized quasiperiodic stacks of nanosheets, which act as plasmonic cavity-resonators. The substrates were tested against rhodamine-6G (R6G) water solutions of concentration varying between 10–3 M and 10–7 M. Optimal SERS enhancement factors of up to 105 were established at R6G concentrations in the range 10–6 – 10–7 M.

scholarly journals Quantitative SERS by hot spot normalization – surface enhanced Rayleigh band intensity as an alternative evaluation parameter for SERS substrate performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Wei ◽  
Alexis McCarthy ◽  
Junyeob Song ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Peter J. Vikesland
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Alternative Evaluation ◽  
Plasmonic Nanoparticle ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Excitation Volume ◽  
Quantitative Sers

The performance of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates is typically evaluated by calculating an enhancement factor (EF). However, it is challenging to accurately calculate EF values since the calculation often requires the use of model analytes and requires assumptions about the number of analyte molecules within the laser excitation volume. Furthermore, the measured EF values are target analyte dependent and thus it is challenging to compare substrates with EF values obtained using different analytes. In this study, we propose an alternative evaluation parameter for SERS substrate performance that is based on the intensity of the surface plasmon enhanced Rayleigh band (IRayleigh) that originates from the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of the laser. Compared to the EF, IRayleigh reflects the enhancing capability of the substrate itself, is easy to measure without the use of any analytes, and is universally applicable for the comparison of SERS substrates. Six SERS substrates with different states (solid, suspended in liquid, and hydrogel), different plasmonic nanoparticle identities (silver and gold), as well as different nanoparticle sizes and shapes were used to support our hypothesis. The results show that there are excellent correlations between the measured SERS intensities and IRayleigh as well as between the SERS homogeneity and the variation of IRayleigh acquired with the six SERS substrates. These results suggest that IRayleigh can be used as an evaluation parameter for both SERS substrate efficiency and reproducibility.

scholarly journals Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Molecule Characterization: HIM Investigation into Sources of SERS Activity of Silver-Coated Butterfly Scales

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1741
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Takei ◽  
Kazuki Nagata ◽  
Natalie Frese ◽  
Armin Gölzhäuser ◽  
Takayuki Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Nanostructures ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Butterfly Wing ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Wing Scales

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful technique for obtaining structural information of molecules in solution at low concentrations. While commercial SERS substrates are available, high costs prevent their wide-spread use in the medical field. One solution is to prepare requisite noble metal nanostructures exploiting natural nanostructures. As an example of biomimetic approaches, butterfly wing scales with their intricate nanostructures have been found to exhibit exquisite SERS activity when coated with silver. Selecting appropriate scales from particular butterfly species and depositing silver of certain thicknesses leads to significant SERS activity. For morphological observations we used scanning electron microscopes as well as a helium ion microscope, highly suitable for morphological characterization of poorly conducting samples. In this paper, we describe a protocol for carrying out SERS measurements based on butterfly wing scales and demonstrate its LOD with a common Raman reporter, rhodamine 6 G. We also emphasize what special care is necessary in such measurements. We also try to shed light on what makes scales work as SERS substrates by carefully modifying the original nanostructures. Such a study allows us to either use scales directly as a raw material for SERS substrate or provides an insight as to what nanostructures need to be recreated for synthetic SERS substrates.

scholarly journals Economically reproducible surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of different compounds in thin film

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ahatashamul Islam ◽  
Fariha Tasneem ◽  
Zulfiqar Hasan Khan ◽  
Asif Rakib ◽  
Syed Farid Uddin Farhad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Laser Excitation ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Raman Signal ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Raman Enhancement ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Uv Visible

We report herein an economically cheap and functionally stable surfaceenhanced Raman scattering (SERS) protocol of two photoactive pigments Rhodamine 6G (R6G) and Kiton Red (KR), implemented in thin films of silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (AgNPs and AuNPs). Both commercially available and chemically synthesized nanoparticles were used. The suitability of the nanoparticles toward SERS activity was tested through UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The AgNPs and AuNPs based SERS substrates in the form of films were fabricated onto square-sized aluminum(Al) plates by simple drop deposition of colloidal nanoparticles solution onto their polished surfaces. The prepared nanoparticle films were sufficiently dried and coated further with the probe (R6G and KR) molecules by employing the identical deposition technique. The enhanced Raman signals of R6G and KR in such composite film structures were then recorded through a custom-built dispersive Raman spectrometer with He-Ne laser excitation at 632.8 nm. Our AgNPsfilm-based SERS protocol could yield the magnitude of the Raman signal enhancement up to 104 times for both R6G and KR. Moreover, AuNPs-based film was found to be less efficient toward the Raman enhancement of both compounds. Our SERS substrates can be easily fabricated, and SERS spectra are reproducible and stable, allowing one to consistently get a reproducible result even after 6 months. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 45(1); 1-11: June 2021

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