scholarly journals Trace elemental analysis of mitral valves by EDXRF

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ates ◽  
O. Simsek ◽  
B. Ertugral ◽  
M. Ertugrul
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Mitral Valves ◽  
Intensity Measurements ◽  
Rheumatic Valve Disease ◽  
Trace Elemental

The elemental analysis of mitral valves from 12 patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease was performed using radioisotope excited energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique. An annular 50 mCi55Fe radioactive source was used for excitation of characteristic K X-rays of the trace elements in the samples. A high resolution Si(Li) detector, which has a 160 eV full width at half maximum for 5.9 keV photons, was used for intensity measurements. Concentrations of the elements P, S, K and Cl in the mitral valve samples were determined by using standard addition method. Deficiencies or excesses of these trace elements cause the valves to run irregularly. Abnormal value of these elements may also result in rheumatic valve disease.

scholarly journals Minimally invasive mitral valve replacement is a safe and effective surgery for patients with rheumatic valve disease

Medicine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (24) ◽  
pp. e7193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyu Zhai ◽  
Lai Wei ◽  
Ben Huang ◽  
Chunsheng Wang ◽  
Hongqiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Mitral Valve Replacement ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Valve Disease

Abstract 19746: Identification of Novel microRNA Profiles in Patients With Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A Hagler ◽  
Nassir M Thalji ◽  
Nate Russell ◽  
Michael Welge ◽  
Colleen Bushell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Mitral Valves ◽  
Mirna Sequencing ◽  
Upstream Regulators

Introduction: Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is a degenerative condition characterized by tissue fibrosis and matrix remodeling which ultimately progresses to leaflet prolapse. While recent work has shown that transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of MMVD, upstream regulators of this and other pathways remain poorly understood. Hypothesis: We sought to use high-throughput RNA sequencing coupled with microRNA (miRNA) sequencing to identify novel molecular targets as well as upstream regulators contributing to MMVD. Methods: We conducted mRNA and miRNA sequencing on normal (n = 10) and myxomatous human mitral valve samples (n = 10). Differential expression was identified using linear modeling and parallel random forest analyses. Canonical pathways were identified by Ingenuity Pathway Analyses (IPA). Predicted miRNA targets were identified using TargetScanHuman 6.2. Results: We found 2784 mRNAs that were differentially expressed between normal and myxomatous mitral valves, which IPA largely categorized in to pro-fibrotic, matrix remodeling and cellular proliferation signaling. In miRNA sequenced from the same samples, 67 miRNAs were differentially-expressed between normal and myxomatous mitral valves. Increased expression of TGF-β ligands, collagen isoforms, and matrix metalloproteinases were associated with reductions in miRNAs predicted to target them. Conversely, mRNA levels of the “protective” genes TGFβ-induced factor homeobox 1, salt-inducible kinase 1, TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 4, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C mRNA levels were decreased in myxomatous tissue, and miRNAs predicted to target these genes (e.g., miR-656, miR-379-3p, miR-664a-3p, and miR-34c-5p) were significantly increased. Conclusions: Collectively, these data not only identify novel genes that are differentially regulated in MMVD, but also suggest miRNAs may play an active role in suppressing key protective molecules in MMVD. Thus, anti-mIRs therapy may be a viable therapeutic target to restore anti-fibrotic and anti-proliferative molecules in the valve and slow progression of MMVD. Future mechanistic studies will lay a critical foundation for translational work in these areas.

scholarly journals Differential cell-matrix responses in hypoxia-stimulated aortic versus mitral valves

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (125) ◽  
pp. 20160449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Sapp ◽  
Varun K. Krishnamurthy ◽  
Daniel S. Puperi ◽  
Saheba Bhatnagar ◽  
Gabrielle Fatora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Mitral Valve Leaflet ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Mitral Valves ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diffusion Profiles

Tissue oxygenation often plays a significant role in disease and is an essential design consideration for tissue engineering. Here, oxygen diffusion profiles of porcine aortic and mitral valve leaflets were determined using an oxygen diffusion chamber in conjunction with computational models. Results from these studies revealed the differences between aortic and mitral valve leaflet diffusion profiles and suggested that diffusion alone was insufficient for normal oxygen delivery in mitral valves. During fibrotic valve disease, leaflet thickening due to abnormal extracellular matrix is likely to reduce regional oxygen availability. To assess the impact of low oxygen levels on valve behaviour, whole leaflet organ cultures were created to induce leaflet hypoxia. These studies revealed a loss of layer stratification and elevated levels of hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha in both aortic and mitral valve hypoxic groups. Mitral valves also exhibited altered expression of angiogenic factors in response to low oxygen environments when compared with normoxic groups. Hypoxia affected aortic and mitral valves differently, and mitral valves appeared to show a stenotic, rheumatic phenotype accompanied by significant cell death. These results indicate that hypoxia could be a factor in mid to late valve disease progression, especially with the reduction in chondromodulin-1 expression shown by hypoxic mitral valves.

scholarly journals ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF AEROSOL SAMPLES USING PIXE TECHNIQUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Deepali Modi
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Proton Beam ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Hpge Detector ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Minor Elements

In this work a complex study of the capabilities Particle Induced X-Ray emission(PIXE) technique for the determination of minor constituents of aerosol samples has been done.The PIXE experiments were carried out at Cyclotron at Department of Physics, Panjab University Chandigarh using ~2.7MeV proton beam. The X-rays were detected with the help of low energy HPGE detector. Total fifteen samples were collected from various locations in Chandigarh.The minor elements identified in the aerosol samples wereS,Cl,K,Ca,Ti,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Zn,V,Br and Pb. The data analysis was done using GUPIX software to extract the quantity of the trace elements.

scholarly journals Future Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Kohorst ◽  
Mias Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Mitral Valves ◽  
Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement

Mitral regurgitation is the most common valvular disease and significant (moderate/severe) mitral regurgitation is found in 2.3% of the population older than 65 years. New transcatheter minimally invasive technologies are being developed to address mitral valve disease in patients deemed too high a risk for conventional open-heart surgery. There are several features of the mitral valve (saddle-shaped noncalcified annulus with irregular leaflet geometry) that make a transcatheter approach to repair or replacing the valve more challenging compared with the aortic valve. Several devices are under investigation for transcatheter mitral valve replacement, and also for mitral valve repair targeting the mitral valve leaflets, chordae tendinae, and mitral annulus. The MitraClip device is the only Food and Drug Administration–approved device to treat mitral regurgitation by targeting the mitral leaflets. There are eight minimally invasive devices being studied in humans that target the mitral annulus, and at least two devices being studied in animal models. There are 5 devices in clinical trials for minimally invasive approaches targeting the chordae tendinae. More than 10 different transcatheter mitral valves are in various stages of development and clinical trials. These transcatheter mitral valves can be delivered either through a transseptal, transapical, transaortic, or left atriotomy approach. It seems likely that transcatheter treatment approaches to mitral valve disease will become more common, at least in the sick and elderly patient population.

scholarly journals P1720 Hammock mitral valve, a challenging echocardiographic diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Rodrigo Carbonero ◽  
U Estandia ◽  
C Perez ◽  
R Voces ◽  
P Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Papillary Muscle ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Papillary Muscles ◽  
Rheumatic Valve Disease

Abstract We report a 43 year-old female with a past TTE echocardiography of rheumatic valve disease performed in her district hospital , ( No clear symptomatology of rheumatic fever in the past). She was transferred to our tertiary hospital for elective cardiac surgery. Preoperative echocardiogram showed a non-dilated left ventricle with preserved contractility, mild-moderate left atrium enlargement with severe mitral regurgitation and basal displacement of papillary muscles and severe tricuspid regurgitation.All of it resembling a hammock mitral valve instead of former echocardiogram described as rheumatic valve disease. Preoperative cardiac study showed severe pulmonary hypertension with increased pulmonary vascular resistances. Preserved biventricular cardiac output and increased proto and telesystolic pressures. During surgery , ifindings were described as a mitral valve with a large papillary muscle inserted in the distal third of the left ventricle with none tendinous cords at the anterior leaflet and without cords in the posterior leaflet with an isolated papillary muscle with cords at A3 and P3 scallops, compatible with hammock mitral valve. A tendinous muscle/fibrous or fibromuscular band connecting the septum to the posterior wall of the left ventricle was described. Moreover over, there was an enlarged tricuspid ring with very short tendinous cords on the septal leaflet, although the leaflet was bigger than usual. Surgery consisted of resection of the mitral valve preserving A3 and P3 scallops with a 29mm Bicarbon Sorin mechanical mitral prosthesis and a 32mm Carpentier tricuspid ring implantation and pulmonary veins ablation combined with occlusion of left atrial appendage. After 112 minutes of cross-clamping time, the patient was weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass. She had important left ventricle dysfunction which improved with dobutamine and AAI pacemaker at 90lpm. Postoperative TEE showed moderate dysfunction of right ventricle, mild left ventricular dysfunction, moderate tricuspid regurgitation and a good functioning of the prosthesis. TTE before discharge showed good function of mitral valve prosthesis, good left ventricle function, mild tricuspid regurgitation, mild-moderate right ventricular enlargement, although less than preoperatively. Conclusion Congenital mitral valulophaty is a rare condition in the adulthood. The estimated prevalence is 0,5%. The hammock mitral valve is a more uncommon pathology which affects the mitral valve and subvalvular apparatus. This anomaly, was first described in 1967 and it is characterised by anomalous papillary muscles directly connected to the anterior mitral valve by a fibrous bridge without chordae tendineae in between them. This fibrous bridge hampers the opening and closure of the mitral valve. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, both ultrasound studies and medical history, to avoid misdiagnosis. Abstract P1720 Figure.

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