scholarly journals An Unusual Presentation of Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Patient with Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danica Maria Vodopivec ◽  
Jose Enrique Rubio ◽  
Alessia Fornoni ◽  
Oliver Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is characterized by hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and secondary hypocalcemia in patients with a malignancy. When these laboratory abnormalities develop rapidly, clinical complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, acute renal failure, seizures, or death may occur. TLS is caused by rapid release of intracellular contents by dying tumor cells, a condition that is expected to be common in hematologic malignancies. However, TLS rarely occurs with solid tumors, and here we present the second chemotherapy-induced TLS in a patient with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma to be reported in the literature. We also provide information regarding the total cases of TLS in solid tumors reported from 1977 to present day. Our methodology involved identifying key articles from existing reviews of the literature and then using search terms from these citations in MEDLINE to find additional publications. We relied on a literature review published in 2003 by Baeksgaard et al., where they gathered all total 45 cases reported from 1977 to 2003. Then, we looked for new reported cases from 2004 to present day. All reports (case reports, brief reports, letters to editor, correspondence, reviews, journals, and short communications) identified through these searches were reviewed and included.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome due to Uterine Leiomyosarcoma with Lung Metastases

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Alaigh ◽  
Debapriya Datta
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Uterine Leiomyosarcoma ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Cell Destruction ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency characterized by a combination of metabolic derangements (hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia) caused by rapid turnover from cell destruction in certain cancers. These metabolic derangements can lead to seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, renal failure, and death. TLS is usually seen after the initiation of chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies. TLS occurring spontaneously, without initiation of chemotherapy, is rare and its occurrence in solid tumors is rarer still. We report a case of spontaneous TLS in a patient with leiomyosarcoma of the uterus, with metastasis to lung. Such a case has never been reported before.

scholarly journals Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Patient With Gastric Adenocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 232470962093342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanth Lingamaneni ◽  
Parth Desai ◽  
Madhu Mathew Vennikandam ◽  
Krishna Moturi ◽  
Anmol Baranwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Metabolic Complication

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a severe metabolic complication that usually occurs in patients with aggressive tumors who undergo treatment with chemotherapy. Traditionally, it was mainly associated with hematologic malignancies. However, over the past 4 decades, there have been increasing reports of TLS in solid tumors. We report a case of TLS in a patient with gastric cancer, as a complication of FOLFOX (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) chemotherapy. Our patient was a 48-year-old man with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma who presented with altered mental status and slurred speech. On examination, he was confused and disoriented, but the rest of his examination, including vitals, was unremarkable. Laboratory findings on admission were significant for an elevated uric acid of 14.5 mg/dL, creatinine of 4.1 mg/dL, and phosphorus of 6.9 mg/dL. He had received his first cycle of FOLFOX chemotherapy 4 days prior to admission. The constellation of electrolyte abnormalities and the temporal relationship to chemotherapy led to the diagnosis of chemotherapy-induced TLS. He was treated with aggressive fluid repletion and rasburicase, following which the electrolyte derangements resolved, and he improved clinically. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of TLS in patients with gastric cancer. Initiation of early treatment can reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated with this oncologic emergency.

Prognostic impact of hepatic involvement on spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome in solid tumors.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19098-e19098
Author(s):  
Dhiran Verghese ◽  
Phyo Thazin Myint ◽  
Faisal S. Ali ◽  
Nivedita Sundararajan ◽  
Zimu Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Involvement ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Hepatic Involvement ◽  
Potential Prognostic Factor

e19098 Background: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening oncological emergency. Spontaneous TLS (STLS) in solid tumors occurring prior to initiation of therapy is a rarely reported entity and has poor outcomes. Little is known about the prognostic factors influencing STLS in solid tumors. Methods: A systematic search of Medline, PubMed, and Embase was conducted to identify reports of patients ≥18 years diagnosed with STLS in solid tumors. Individual case reports and case series were summarized, and descriptive statistics were employed to report clinical outcomes. Fischer exact t test was used for statistical analysis. Results: 63 patients from 61 case reports and one patient from our institution resulted in a total of 64 patients. 53.1% were males with a median age of 56.1 years. The most common solid tumors were of pulmonary origin. 85.9% patients had stage 4 malignancy, 75.0% had hepatic involvement. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal discomfort. The mean serum potassium, phosphorus, uric acid, calcium, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine upon presentation were 6.1 mmol/l, 7.5 mg/dl, 16.4 mg/dl, 7.5 mg/dl, 4421.2 IU/L and 3.7 mg/dl, respectively. In addition to intravenous hydration, allopurinol and rasburicase were administered in 48.4% and 42.2% patients. Urinary alkalization and sodium bicarbonate administration were reported in 6.3% and 15.6% patients. 43.8% patients required hemodialysis and 39 patients died (mortality of 60.9%). Patients who underwent hemodialysis had a similar mortality of 60.4%. We assessed liver involvement (primary hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic metastasis) as a potential prognostic factor. Compared to patients without liver involvement, patients with liver involvement had a higher unadjusted all-cause mortality (70.83% vs 25%; OR 7.29 [95% CI 1.71 - 30.98]; p = 0.006). Conclusions: Hepatic involvement is a potential prognostic factor for STLS in solid tumors and is associated with a grave prognosis. Future large prospective studies are needed to probe into the role of early hemodialysis and to identify other prognostic factors of STLS in solid tumors.

scholarly journals Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome in a patient with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1647-1652
Author(s):  
Kai-Bo Chen ◽  
Wei-Jia Xie ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Xiao-Li Jin ◽  
Guo-Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Solid Tumors

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (16) ◽  
pp. 2738-2739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Gemici
Keyword(s):  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Tumor Lysis

Tumor Lysis Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Series and Case Reports

2012 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belal M. Firwana ◽  
Rim Hasan ◽  
Nour Hasan ◽  
Fares Alahdab ◽  
Iyad Alnahhas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tumor Lysis

scholarly journals Fatal Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Patient with Metastatic Colon Cancer: A Clinical Case of Rare Oncological Emergency

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Inna Shaforostova ◽  
Robert Fiedler ◽  
Martina Zander ◽  
Johannes Pflumm ◽  
Wolfgang Josef März
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Oncological Emergency ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbances ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a potentially life-threatening complication of chemotherapy. It usually occurs in rapidly proliferating hematological malignancies. TLS is deemed spontaneous (STLS) when it occurs prior to any cytotoxic or definite treatment. STLS is extremely rare in solid tumors. Here, we report a rare case of fatal STLS in a 47-year-old woman diagnosed with metastatic colon cancer. The patient developed acute renal failure with anuria, electrolyte disturbances, and metabolic acidosis before initiating chemotherapy. Despite appropriate management of TLS, including renal replacement therapy, she died within a few days from multiorgan failure. Only few other case reports of STLS associated with colon cancer have been reported in the literature.

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