scholarly journals Microcystic Variant of Urothelial Carcinoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Kodzo-Grey Venyo
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Neuroendocrine Differentiation ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
High Stage ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Microcystic Variant ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Cystitis Cystica

Background. Microcystic variant of urothelial carcinoma is one of the new variants of urothelial carcinoma that was added to the WHO classification in 2004.Aims.To review the literature on microcystic variant of urothelial carcinoma.Methods.Various internet search engines were used to identify reported cases of the tumour.Results. Microscopic features of the tumour include: (i) Conspicuous intracellular and intercellular lumina/microcysts encompassed by malignant urothelial or squamous cells. (ii) The lumina are usually empty; may contain granular eosinophilic debris, mucin, or necrotic cells. (iii) The cysts may be variable in size; round, or oval, up to 2 mm; lined by urothelium which are either flattened cells or low columnar cells however, they do not contain colonic epithelium or goblet cells; are infiltrative; invade the muscularis propria; mimic cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis; occasionally exhibit neuroendocrine differentiation. (iv) Elongated and irregular branching spaces are usually seen. About 17 cases of the tumour have been reported with only 2 patients who have survived. The tumour tends to be of high-grade and high-stage. There is no consensus opinion on the best option of treatment of the tumour.Conclusions. It would prove difficult at the moment to be dogmatic regarding its prognosis but it is a highly aggressive tumour. New cases of the tumour should be reported in order to document its biological behaviour.

Nested Variant of Urothelial Carcinoma

2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (11) ◽  
pp. 1725-1727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepti Dhall ◽  
Hikmat Al-Ahmadie ◽  
Semra Olgac
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Significant Delay ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Nephrogenic Adenoma ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Nested Variant ◽  
Cystitis Cystica

Abstract Nested variant of urothelial carcinoma is a rare neoplasm that is histologically characterized by large numbers of small, closely packed, haphazardly arranged, poorly defined, confluent irregular nests of bland-appearing urothelial cells infiltrating the lamina propria and the muscularis propria. Due to the cells' deceptively bland appearance, the tumors are sometimes misdiagnosed as benign lesions, leading in some cases to a significant delay in establishing the correct diagnosis and thus contributing to this neoplasm's advanced stage. Nested variant of urothelial carcinoma must be differentiated from the benign proliferative lesions of urothelium, such as von Brunn nests, cystitis cystica, cystitis glandularis, nephrogenic adenoma, inverted papilloma, and paraganglioma.

scholarly journals Nested Variant of Urothelial Carcinoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Kodzo-Grey Venyo
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Nested Variant ◽  
Characteristic Features

Background. Nested variant of urothelial carcinoma was added to the WHO’s classification in 2004.Aims. To review the literature on nested variant of urothelial carcinoma.Results. About 200 cases of the tumour have been reported so far and it has the ensuing morphological features: large numbers of small confluent irregular nests of bland-appearing, closely packed, haphazardly arranged, and poorly defined urothelial cells infiltrating the lamina propria and the muscularis propria. The tumour has a bland histomorphologic appearance, has an aggressive biological behaviour, and has at times been misdiagnosed as a benign lesion which had led to a significant delay in the establishment of the correct diagnosis and contributing to the advanced stage of the disease. Immunohistochemically, the tumour shares some characteristic features with high-risk conventional urothelial carcinomas such as high proliferation index and loss of p27 expression. However, p53, bcl-2, or EGF-r immunoreactivity is not frequently seen. The tumour must be differentiated from a number of proliferative lesions of the urothelium.Conclusions. Correct and early diagnosis of this tumour is essential to provide early curative treatment to avoid diagnosis at an advanced stage. A multicentre trial is required to identify treatment options that would improve the outcome of this tumour.

Association of current molecular subtypes in urothelial carcinoma with patterns of muscularis propria invasion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koorosh Haghayeghi ◽  
Shaolei Lu ◽  
Andres Matoso ◽  
Stephen F. Schiff ◽  
Catrina Mueller-Leonhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Muscularis Propria

Pitfalls in the Use of Smoothelin to Identify Muscularis Propria Invasion by Urothelial Carcinoma

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Miyamoto ◽  
Rajni B. Sharma ◽  
Peter B. Illei ◽  
Jonathan I. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Muscularis Propria

scholarly journals Molecular Markers in Upper Urothelial Carcinoma Associated to Balkan Endemic Nephropathy. Aristolochic Acid as the Major Risk Factor of the Worldwide Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1360-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljubinka Jankovic Velickovic ◽  
Takanori Hattori ◽  
Vladisav Stefanovic
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Aristolochic Acid ◽  
Balkan Endemic Nephropathy ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
High Stage ◽  
Endemic Nephropathy

The role of aristolochic acid in the etiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) and associated upper urothelial carcinoma (UUC) was recently confirmed. The aim of this study was to determine the marker(s) specific for BEN-associated UUC. A total of 82 patients with UUC (38 from the BEN region and 44 control tumors) were included in the study. The Ki-67 index in BEN tumors correlated with the grade and multifocality (p< 0.05), but in regression analysis, only the grade of BEN tumor. The p53 index was significantly higher in BEN than in control tumors (p< 0.05), as well as the alteration of p53 (p< 0.05). BEN low-stage tumors, tumors without limphovascular invasion (LVI), and tumors of the renal pelvis had a higher p53 index than the control tumors (p< 0.05, 0.01, 0.05, respectively). The Ki-67 index was higher in control tumors with high-stage and solid growth than in BEN UUC (p < 0.050, 0.005). The Ki-67 correlated with the grade, growth, stage, LVI, and multifocality of UUC on the best way, but not with the group. In regression analysis, only multifocality of UUC had predictive influence on Ki-67 activity (p< 0.001). P53 correlated with the grade, growth, and group (p< 0.05). This investigation identifies the p53 pathway as the specific cell cycle marker involved in BEN-associated UUC.

scholarly journals Recurrence and upstaging rates of T1 high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder on repeat resection in a Canadian, resource-limited, healthcare system

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kinnaird ◽  
Peter Dromparis ◽  
Howard Evans
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Bladder Tumour ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Repeat Resection ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Introduction: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is the most expensive malignancy to treat. Current Canadian guidelines recommend repeat transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) within six weeks after initial resection of T1 high-grade (T1HG) urothelial carcinoma, prior to initiation of intravesical bacillus Calmette- Guerin treatment. This is a burden on operating room usage and adds further cost and risk of complications. Internationally, major cancer centres report significant rates of recurrence and upstaging on repeat resection, however, minimal Canadian data is available. We aimed to determine the rate of recurrence and upstaging in a resource-limited, Canadian healthcare system.Methods: A retrospective review of patients receiving TURBT between November 2009 and November 2014 was performed. Patients were included if they had all three of the following: a pathological diagnosis of T1HG, adequate muscularis propria present in the specimen, and a repeat resection.Results: We reviewed 3166 patients who underwent TURBT and found 173 to meet our inclusion criteria. The overall recurrence and upstaging rates were 57.2% and 9.2%, respectively. Tumour recurrence and upstaging occurred more often in patients who had repeat resection after 12‒24 weeks compared to those patients whose repeat resection occurred within 12 weeks.Conclusions: Although recurrence rates are similar, we have found upstaging rates to be three- to four-fold lower than those previously reported. Despite this, one in 10 patients will be upstaged, justifying use of this resource within our healthcare system. Finally, timely repeat resection, within 12 weeks appears to be associated with preventing disease progression.

scholarly journals Micropapillary Variant of Urothelial Carcinoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghee Young Kwon ◽  
Jae Y. Ro
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Interobserver Variability ◽  
Micropapillary Carcinoma ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Prognostic Implications ◽  
Micropapillary Component

Micropapillary carcinoma (MPC) of urinary tract is an uncommon variant of urothelial carcinoma with significant diagnostic and prognostic implications. Though MPC shows characteristic microscopic features, there exists interobserver variability and also it needs to be differentiated from the metastasis from other organs. The prognosis is generally poor, depending on the proportion of the micropapillary component in some reports. Early cystectomy in cases with only lamina propria invasion may be indicated according to recent studies. This review outlines the general features of this entity and briefly comments on the controversies and the recent development.

scholarly journals Primary clear-cell urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder: a not-so-clear entity with review of literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e231192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Kumar ◽  
Anubhav Narwal ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Seema Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Urinary Bladder Cancer ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Unusual Variant ◽  
Urothelial Tumours

Primary clear-cell urothelial carcinoma (CCUC) is an uncommon type of urothelial cancer with only 16 cases reported in published literature. Due to the rarity of the tumour, its clinical and prognostic values have not been clearly understood. We present one such rare clinical diagnosis in a 60-year- old man who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) with ileal conduit for urinary bladder cancer. Histopathology showed features of high-grade CCUC infiltrating the muscularis propria. Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse immunopositivity of pan cytokeratin (CK), GATA3, P40, CK7 but was immunonegative for CD10 and vimentin. Our patient expired 4 months after diagnosis. CCUC has recently been included in the WHO 2016 classification of urothelial tumours. Most of the patients present with poor prognosis. Accurate diagnosis and recognition of this unusual variant are essential for better patient management and prognosis. Early RC seems to be the preferred way of management.

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