scholarly journals Cerebral Air Embolism from Angioinvasive Cavitary Aspergillosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Lin ◽  
George A. Barrio ◽  
Lynne M. Hurwitz ◽  
Peter G. Kranz
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Left Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Cerebral Air Embolism ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Ct Angiogram ◽  
Air Embolus

Background. Nontraumatic cerebral air embolism cases are rare. We report a case of an air embolism resulting in cerebral infarction related to angioinvasive cavitary aspergillosis. To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports associating these two conditions together.Case Presentation. A 32-year-old female was admitted for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Her hospital course was complicated by pulmonary aspergillosis. On hospital day 55, she acutely developed severe global aphasia with right hemiplegia. A CT and CT-angiogram of her head and neck were obtained demonstrating intravascular air emboli within the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) branches. She was emergently taken for hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Evaluation for origin of the air embolus revealed an air focus along the left lower pulmonary vein. Over the course of 48 hours, her symptoms significantly improved.Conclusion. This unique case details an immunocompromised patient with pulmonary aspergillosis cavitary lesions that invaded into a pulmonary vein and caused a cerebral air embolism. With cerebral air embolisms, the acute treatment option differs from the typical ischemic stroke pathway and the provider should consider emergent HBOT. This case highlights the importance of considering atypical causes of acute ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals An unusual cause of ischemic stroke - Cerebral air embolism

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinit Suri ◽  
Rohan Gupta ◽  
Girraj Sharma ◽  
Kunal Suri
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Cerebral Air Embolism

Cerebral air embolism: A hidden cause of acute ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 429 ◽  
pp. 118747
Author(s):  
Cecilia Zivelonghi ◽  
Carlo Alberto De Pasqual ◽  
Nicola Micheletti ◽  
Giampaolo Tomelleri ◽  
Bruno Bonetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Cerebral Air Embolism

scholarly journals Cortical Blindness and Altered Mental Status following Routine Hemodialysis, a Case of Iatrogenic Cerebral Air Embolism

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Lawrence Lau ◽  
Kory London
Keyword(s):  
Mental Status ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Cortical Blindness ◽  
Cerebral Veins ◽  
Dialysis Tubing ◽  
Cerebral Air Embolism ◽  
Left Thalamus ◽  
Air Embolus ◽  
Hyperbaric Therapy

Cerebral air embolism is a known complication from a myriad of iatrogenic causes. This case describes a 60-year-old female presenting from hemodialysis with altered mental status, bilateral homonymous hemianopia, and repetitive speech. A noncontrast head CT revealed air in the vein of Galen and the deep cerebral veins of the left thalamus and occipital sulcus, a complication from air being introduced into the patient via improper flushing of dialysis tubing. The retrograde flow of air bubbles in the upright patient during dialysis was likely responsible for the air embolus lodging in the cerebral vasculature. This patient was transferred to receive hyperbaric therapy, whereupon the patient survived with residual attention and spatial deficits.

scholarly journals Cerebral Air Embolism from Chronic Progressive Pulmonary Aspergillosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (16) ◽  
pp. 2241-2241
Author(s):  
Hayato Yabe ◽  
Soichirou Watanabe ◽  
Atsushi Saito ◽  
Masami Yamazoe
Keyword(s):  
Air Embolism ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Cerebral Air Embolism

scholarly journals Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Child Successfully Treated with Thrombolytic Therapy and Mechanical Thrombectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Souto Silva ◽  
Rita Rodrigues ◽  
Diana Reis Monteiro ◽  
Susana Tavares ◽  
José Pedro Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Complex Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Acute Ischemia ◽  
Left Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Ct Angiogram

Acute ischemic stroke in the pediatric population is rare but carries lasting and often lifelong morbidity. Thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are mainstays of care in adults, yet there is very little evidence for these treatments in children. We present the case of a 4-year-old boy with complex congenital heart disease, admitted 30 min after sudden onset of an aphasia and right hemiplegia, scoring 14 on the Pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS). Non-contrast brain computed tomography (CT) showed no evidence of acute ischemia. CT angiogram demonstrated a thrombus in the M1 segment of the left middle cerebral artery. Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA) was infused 3.5 h after onset of symptoms. An improvement was observed in the hour after rTPA, with a PedNIHSS score of 7. Digital subtraction angiography was performed approximately 9 h from the onset of symptoms, showing a complete left M1 occlusion. The patient underwent successful mechanical thrombectomy and was discharged with a PedNIHSS score of 2. This case emphasizes the importance of early recognition to direct children towards rapid diagnosis and hyperacute treatment.

Paraplegia Due to Peripheral Venous Air Embolus in a Neonate: A Case Report

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
John Willis ◽  
Caroline Duncan ◽  
Sheila Gottschalk
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Cerebral Air Embolism ◽  
Intravenous Line ◽  
Umbilical Vessels ◽  
Air Embolus ◽  
Systemic Arteries

A term male infant with pneumonia was receiving fluid and antibiotics through an intravenous line in the scalp. Air was accidentally infused in this line. Subsequently, discoloration of the skin, a flaccid paraplegia, hematuria, and gastrointestinal bleeding occurred as the presumed effect of venous air entering the systemic arteries. The umbilical vessels were never catheterized. Absence of any apparent cerebral air embolism is interpreted as being due to the infant's position (head down) at the time of air infusion. The pathogeneis and prevention of this tragic complication are discussed.

scholarly journals Enhancing vigilance for cerebral air embolism after pneumonectomy: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijun Mo ◽  
Lina Lin ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
Chenghua Zhong ◽  
Jun Kuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Cerebral Air Embolism ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Important Complication ◽  
Left Limb ◽  
First Time ◽  
Medical Process

Abstract Background Vascular air embolism (VAE) is a rare but important complication that has not been paid enough attention to in the medical process such as surgery and anesthesia. Case presentation We report for the first time that a 54-year-old male patient with central lung cancer developed severe complications of CAE after right pneumonectomy. After targeted first-aid measures such as assisted breathing, mannitol dehydration and antibiotic treatment, the patient gradually improved. The patient became conscious at discharge after 25 days of treatment but left limb was left with nerve injury symptoms. Conclusion We analyzed the possible causes of CAE in this case, and the findings from this report would be highly useful as a reference to clinicians.

C-fos, ERK1/2, MAP2, NOTCH1 Proteins Expression Patterns in Human Cerebral Cortex Neurons after Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-233
Author(s):  
Svetlana P. Sergeeva ◽  
Aleksey V. Lyundup ◽  
Valery V. Beregovykh ◽  
Petr F. Litvitskiy ◽  
Aleksey A. Savin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Left Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Contralateral Hemisphere ◽  
Human Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Fos Protein ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Indirect Immunoperoxidase

Background. The search for protein (these include c-fos, ERK1/2, MAP2, NOTCH1) expression that provide neuroplasticity mechanisms of the cerebral cortex after ischemic stroke (IS) patterns is an urgent task. Aims to reveal c-fos, ERK1/2, MAP2, NOTCH1 proteins expression patterns in human cerebral cortex neurons after IS. Materials and methods. We studied 9 left middle cerebral artery (LMCA) IS patients cerebral cortex samples from 3 zones: 1 the zone adjacent to the necrotic tissue focus; 2 zone remote from the previous one by 47 cm; 3 zone of the contralateral hemisphere, symmetric to the IS focus. Control samples were obtained from 3 accident died people. Identification of targeted proteins NSE, c-fos, ERK1/2, MAP2, NOTCH1 was performed by indirect immunoperoxidase immunohistochemical method. Results. Moving away from the ischemic focus, there is an increase in the density of neurons and a decrease in the damaged neurons proportion, the largest share of c-fos protein positive neurons in zone 2, NOTCH1 positive neurons in zone 1, smaller fractions of ERK1/2 and MAP2 positive neurons compared to the control only in samples of zone 1. Conclusions. With the IS development, the contralateral hemisphere is intact tissue increased activation zone, while the zones 1 and 2 have pathological activation signs. In zone 1 of the range, the adaptive response of the tissue decreases, and in zone 2 it expands. Therefore, a key target for therapeutic intervention is zone 2.

scholarly journals A case series of ischemic stroke with coronavirus disease 2019 in two Egyptian centers

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevine El Nahas ◽  
Tamer Roushdy ◽  
Eman Hamid ◽  
Sherien Farag ◽  
Hossam Shokri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Novel Virus

Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel virus that has been reported to have various neurological manifestations. Cerebrovascular disorders have been encountered as a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presentation in our center during the pandemic. Case presentation We are presenting 10 cases with cerebrovascular manifestations after having COVID-19 few days prior to stroke. Conclusion Cerebrovascular manifestations can occur in association with COVID-19 and may have significant implications on prognosis and management.

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