scholarly journals The Effects of Sesquiterpenes-Rich Extract ofAlpinia oxyphyllaMiq. on Amyloid-β-Induced Cognitive Impairment and Neuronal Abnormalities in the Cortex and Hippocampus of Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Huai Shi ◽  
Xu Zhao ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Ai-Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity ◽  
Nuclear Condensation ◽  
Alpinia Oxyphylla ◽  
Long Term Treatment

As a kind of medicine which can also be used as food,Alpinia oxyphyllaMiq. has a long clinical history in China. A variety of studies demonstrated the significant neuroprotective activity effects of chloroform (CF) extract from the fruits ofAlpinia oxyphylla.In order to further elucidate the possible mechanisms of CF extract which mainly contains sesquiterpenes with neuroprotection on the cognitive ability, mice were injected with Aβ1−42and later with CF in this study. The results showed that the long-term treatment of CF enhanced the cognitive performances in behavior tests, increased activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) and decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and amyloid-β(Aβ), and reversed the activation of microglia, degeneration of neuronal acidophilia, and nuclear condensation in the cortex and hippocampus. These results demonstrate that CF ameliorates learning and memory deficits by attenuating oxidative stress and regulating the activation of microglia and degeneration of neuronal acidophilia to reinforce cholinergic functions.

scholarly journals Suppression of AMD-Like Pathology by Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 Is Associated with a Decrease in the Accumulation of Amyloid β and in mTOR Activity

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Muraleva ◽  
Oyuna S. Kozhevnikova ◽  
Anzhela Z. Fursova ◽  
Nataliya G. Kolosova
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible visual impairment and blindness in developed countries, and the molecular pathogenesis of AMD is poorly understood. Recent studies strongly indicate that amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation —found in the brain and a defining feature of Alzheimer’s disease—also forms in the retina in both Alzheimer’s disease and AMD. The reason why highly neurotoxic proteins of consistently aggregate in the aging retina, and to what extent they contribute to AMD, remains to be fully addressed. Nonetheless, the hypothesis that Aβ is a therapeutic target in AMD is debated. Here, we showed that long-term treatment with SkQ1 (250 nmol/[kg body weight] daily from the age of 1.5 to 22 months) suppressed the development of AMD-like pathology in senescence-accelerated OXYS rats by reducing the level of Aβ and suppressing the activity of mTOR in the retina. Inhibition of mTOR signaling activity, which plays key roles in aging and age-related diseases, can be considered a new mechanism of the prophylactic effect of SkQ1. It seems probable that dietary supplementation with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 can be a good prevention strategy to maintain eye health and possibly a treatment of AMD.

scholarly journals Long-term treatment with sulfhydryl angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition reduces carotid intima-media thickening and improves the nitric oxide/oxidative stress pathways in newly diagnosed patients with mild to moderate primary hypertension

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Napoli ◽  
G. Bruzzese ◽  
L. J. Ignarro ◽  
E. Crimi ◽  
F. De Nigris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Vascular Lumen ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

Aim. Sulfhydryl angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors exert antiatherosclerotic effects in preclinical models and antioxidant effects in patients. However, whether ACE inhibitors have any clinically significant antiatherogenic effects remains still debated. Objectives. In mildly hypertensive patients, we evaluated the effect of the sulfhydryl ACE inhibitor zofenopril in comparison with the carboxylic ACE inhibitor enalapril on carotid atherosclerosis (intima-media thickness [IMT] and vascular lumen diameter) and systemic oxidative stress (nitrite/nitrate, asymmetrical dimethyl-L-arginine, and isoprostanes). Material and methods. In 2001, we started a small prospective randomized clinical trial on 48 newly diagnosed mildly hypertensive patients with no additional risk factors for atherosclerosis (eg, hyperlipidemia, smoke habit, familiar history of atherosclerosisrelated diseases or diabetes). Patients were randomly assigned either to the enalapril (20 mg/d, n = 24) or the zofenopril group (30 mg/d, n = 24); the planned duration of the trial was 5 years. Carotid IMT and vascular lumen diameter were determined by ultrasonography for all patients at baseline and at 1, 3, and 5 years. Furthermore, nitrite/nitrate, asymmetrical dimethyl-L-arginine, and isoprostane levels were measured. Results. In our conditions, IMT of the right and left common carotid arteries was similar at baseline in both groups (P = NS). Intima-media thickness measurements until 5 years revealed a significant reduction in the zofenopril group but not in the enalapril group (P b .05 vs enalapril-treated group). This effect was coupled with a favorable nitric oxide/oxidative stress profile in the zofenopril group. Conclusion. Long-term treatment with the sulfhydryl ACE inhibitor zofenopril besides its blood pressure–lowering effects may slow the progression of IMT of the carotid artery in newly diagnosed mildly hypertensive patients. (Am Heart J 2008;156:1154.e1-1154.e8.)

Oxidative Stress in Chronic Renal Allograft Nephropathy in Rats: Effects of Long-term Treatment with Carvedilol, BM 91.0228, or Alpha-tocopherol

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe G??ttmann ◽  
Jens Oltersdorf ◽  
Meike Schaub ◽  
Thomas Knoll ◽  
Walter E. Back ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Allograft ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Neuronal degeneration and oxidative stress in the SNc of 6-OHDA intoxicated rats; improving role of silymarin long-term treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 393 (12) ◽  
pp. 2427-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasool Haddadi ◽  
Shahla Eyvari-Brooshghalan ◽  
Alireza Mohajjel Nayebi ◽  
Mohammadmahdi Sabahi ◽  
Sara Ami Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
And Oxidative Stress
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