scholarly journals Lifetime Autism Spectrum Features in a Patient with a Psychotic Mixed Episode Who Attempted Suicide

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marly Simoncini ◽  
Mario Miniati ◽  
Federica Vanelli ◽  
Antonio Callari ◽  
Giulia Vannucchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Mixed Episode ◽  
Patient’S History

We present a case report of a young man who attempted suicide during a mixed episode with psychotic symptoms. The patient’s history revealed the lifetime presence of signs and features belonging to the autism spectrum realm that had been completely overlooked. We believe that this case is representative of an important and barely researched topic: what happens to children with nondiagnosed and nontreated subthreshold forms of autism when they grow old. The issue of early recognition of autism spectrum signs and symptoms is discussed, raising questions on the diagnostic boundaries between autism and childhood onset psychotic spectrums among patients who subsequently develop a full-blown psychotic disorder.

scholarly journals Spinal Brucellosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
James M Rizkalla ◽  
Khalid Alhreish ◽  
Ishaq Y Syed
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Uncommon Case ◽  
Spine Surgeon ◽  
Patient’S History ◽  
Hispanic Male ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Rare Diagnosis

Introduction: The most common location of infection of brucellosis is the musculoskeletal system. It is estimated that the spine is involved in 2–54% of brucellosis infections, with the lumbar spine most commonly affected. We report an uncommon case of brucellar spondylodiscitis, in addition to the pathology, common presentation, and management of spinal brucellosis through additional literature review. Case Report: A 65-year-old Hispanic male presented to an orthopedic spine surgeon with signs and symptoms concerning for metastatic disease to the spine. Investigation revealed that the patient had the rare diagnosis of brucellar spondylodiscitis. This only became apparent after detailed questioning of the patient’s history revealed his employment within a Mexican meat slaughterhouse and a regular consumer of unpasteurized Mexican cheeses. Conclusion: Although uncommon, brucellosis spondylodiscitis should remain as a differential diagnosis in any patient who presents with back pain and fever. Detailed history taking and thorough physical examination remain vital in the work-up of brucellar spondylodiscitis. Understanding the pathology, radiographic findings, and necessary work-up are essential to properly treat this infection. Keywords: Spine, Brucella, spinal brucellosis, infection, spondylodiscitis, discitis, abscess.

scholarly journals Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of Catatonia in an Adolescent With High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Traverso ◽  
Caterina Ancora ◽  
Silvia Zanato ◽  
Alessia Raffagnato ◽  
Michela Gatta
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
High Functioning Autism ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Long Time

Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome with specific clusters of speech, behavioral and motor features. Although potentially life-threatening, especially in its malignant form accompanied with autonomic dysregulation and medical complications, it is a treatable condition, when promptly identified. For a long time catatonia was considered a marker of schizophrenia, thus limiting the possibility of diagnosis and treatment. Due to growing awareness and studies on the subject, it is now known that catatonia can occur in the context of a number of diseases, including psychotic, affective and neurodevelopmental disorders. In recent years, there's been a renewed interest in the recognition and definition of catatonia in neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), where the differential diagnosis poses great challenges, given the considerable overlapping of signs and symptoms between the conditions. We present the case of a 15 year old boy with High Functioning ASD with a sudden onset of severe catatonic symptoms and the co-existence of psychotic symptoms, whose complex clinical course raises many questions on the differentiation and relation of said disorders.

scholarly journals Dissociative Amnesia with Dissociative Fugue and Psychosis: a Case Report from a 25-Year-Old Ethiopian Woman

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Liyew Agenagnew ◽  
Elias Tesfaye ◽  
Selamawit Alemayehu ◽  
Mathewos Masane ◽  
Tilahun Bete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Auditory Hallucination ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Dissociative Amnesia ◽  
Scientific World

Introduction. The case after exposure to intense traumatic events manifests signs and symptoms of dissociative amnesia with a dissociative fugue and schizophrenia. The psychotic symptoms we found, in this case, were very complicated and mimicking primary psychotic disorders. Therefore, this might be a good forum for the scientific world to learn from this case report, how psychotic disorders coexist with dissociative disorders, since the literatures in this area are too rare. Main Symptoms and/or Important Clinical Findings. This case report focuses on the case of dissociative amnesia with dissociative fugue and psychosis in a 25-year-old Ethiopian female who lost her husband and three children at the same time during the nearby ethnic conflict. Associated with amnesia, she lost entire autobiographical information, and she also had psychotic symptoms like delusions and auditory hallucination which is related to the traumatic event she faced. The Main Diagnoses, Therapeutic Interventions, and Outcomes. The diagnosis of dissociative amnesia with a dissociative fugue comorbid with schizophrenia was made, and both pharmacological and psychological interventions were given to the patient. After the intervention, the patient had a slight improvement regarding psychotic symptoms but her memory problem was not restored. Conclusions. The observation in this case report brings to the fore that individuals with dissociative amnesia with dissociative fugue can have psychotic symptoms, and it takes a longer time to recover from memory disturbances.

scholarly journals The Social Defeat Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: an Update

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S66-S66
Author(s):  
E. Van der Ven
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Mesolimbic Dopamine System ◽  
Behavioral Expression ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Socially Excluded

Research provides strong evidence of an elevated risk for developing psychotic symptoms and psychotic disorder among various ethnic and other minority groups. Furthermore, ethnicity may modify the risk for autism-spectrum disorder, but the evidence of this is still thin. Misdiagnosis, selective migration and other methodological artefacts are implausible explanations for the findings on psychotic disorder. Instead, we propose that ‘social defeat’, defined as the chronic experience of being excluded from the majority group, may increase the risk for psychotic disorder by sensitizing the mesolimbic dopamine system. Future challenges lie in connecting the underlying biological mechanisms to behavioral expression in socially excluded groups, as well as in bridging the gap with the clinical field and the wider society by stimulating the implementation of strategies that strengthen the position of minority populations.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals How to understand and help a person with borderline personality. Case report and literature review on the therapeutic possibilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-83
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Sitarz ◽  
Iga Dudek ◽  
Kaja Karakuła ◽  
Alicja Forma ◽  
Dariusz Juchnowicz
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

AbstractIntroduction: The study aims to present 1) a case report of an 18-year-old female patient with borderline personality disorder (BPD) 2) the diagnostic and treatment difficulties in BPD patients.Materials and methods: The review of the literature from the years 1953-2020 searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases.Discussion: Patient, 18-years old, hospitalized five times for psychiatric care, presenting self-injurious behaviours, hurting herself within forearms. A patient attempted suicide eight times. She is living with her divorced parents. The patient’s father has a new partner with whom he has children. The patient used marijuana and she was experiencing psychotic symptoms under its influence. She smokes 10 cigarettes per day and drinks alcohol once a week since she was 16 years old. Psychiatric problems appeared when the patient started learning in high school.Conclusions:1. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychiatric condition of a difficult diagnosis that should be differentiated with many other psychiatric disorders such as an atypical or subclinical course of psychosis, affective disorders, or dissocial personality.2. A therapeutic process of a person with BPD is based on psychotherapy and personalized treatment strategies, whereas, pharmacological treatment plays only a supporting role during BPD treatment.

scholarly journals Autism Spectrum Disorder and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome - Hypermobility Type: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neuseli Lamari ◽  
Carolina Baeza -Velasco ◽  
Gerardo Maria De Araújo Filho ◽  
Mateus Marino Lamari ◽  
Michael Peres De Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Joint Hypermobility ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Ehlers Danlos Syndrome ◽  
Motor Disability ◽  
Joint Dislocations ◽  
Danlos Syndrome

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome – Hypermobility type (EDS-HT) can occur concomitantly, with the overlap of the characteristics of both conditions. Early diagnosis helps prevent suffering and injuries in patients with these conditions. Objective: To report the case of an adolescent with severe autism and EDS-HT, with musculoskeletal and extra-skeletal manifestations, and how it may affect the patient´s life of and his family. Case Report: This report shows the clinical history of the signs and symptoms of EDS-HT, mainly evidenced by generalized pain, fatigue, dislocations and motor disability, due to Joint Hypermobility (JH). These manifestations may not be noticed by the family members and health professionals, due to the communicative impairment that is part of the manifestations related to ASD. Conclusion: The early identification of signs and symptoms of EDS-HT in childhood could enable a better understanding of its manifestations in patients with ASD. It also enables the prevention of joint dislocations and the proposition of a proper ergonomic design for the home environment to minimize suffering of the patient and his family.

scholarly journals Sino-orbital Aspergillosis: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-366
Author(s):  
SM Kotrashetti ◽  
Arati S Neeli ◽  
Ponni Vallavan
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Intravenous Therapy ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

ABSTRACT Aspergillosis of head and neck region primarily affects the nose and paranasal sinuses. Any type of paranasal aspergillosis may progress to more aggressive disease illustrating the importance of early recognition of this increasingly encountered disease. The invasive and in particular, the fulminant forms are associated with high mortality. We report a case of invasive aspergillosis of right maxillary sinus and orbit in an immunocompetent individual, along with a critical review and update of the literature. The patient underwent surgery for the debridement of right maxillary sinus through a Caldwell-Luc approach and drainage of orbital abscess as well followed by intravenous therapy of amphotericin B. Recovery with reduction of all the signs and symptoms was seen after 38 days from the appearance of first symptoms. Successful treatment of aspergillosis requires prompt diagnosis and rapid institution of therapy, because delay or nonaggressive therapy can result in the spread of infection with lethal consequences. How to cite this article Neeli AS, Kotrashetti SM, Vallavan P. Sino-orbital Aspergillosis: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature. World J Dent 2012;3(4):363-366.

Case report: a child with cystic fibrosis and phenylketonuria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Irina V. Vakhlova ◽  
Anastasia D. Kazachina ◽  
Olga A. Beglyanina
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Neonatal Screening ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Inherited Disorders ◽  
Congenital Diseases

Background. In the international clinical practice there have been occasional reports of phenylketonuria (PKU) and cystic fibrosis (CF) found simultaneously in the same patient. Both PKU and CF are the inherited disorders characterized by autosomal recessive type of inheritance. Currently the combination of two or more inherited disorders in one patient is considered to be a clinical rarity.Case description. This is a clinical case of two genetic disorders, CF and PKU, combined in a 5-year old patient who had been followed up since birth. Owing to implementation of neonatal screening for inherited and congenital diseases into clinical practice, during the first month of life the infant was diagnosed with CF (diagnostically significant elevation of immunoreactive trypsin [IRT] at the initial [163.2 ng/mL] and repeat testing on day 21 of life [138.7 ng/mL]) and PKU (phenylalanine [PA] level 15.9 mg/dL). Both disorders have been confirmed by genetic tests, i.e., homozygous DelF508 mutation was found in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, and P281L mutation in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene was also present in homozygous state. Child’s parents strictly adhered to dietary and treatment recommendations. By the age of 5 years the child developed symptoms of neurological disorder and disorder of the respiratory system, cognitive impairment and delay in speech development, subclinical epileptiform activity with high risk of epilepsy, and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract.Conclusion. This case report demonstrates the important role of neonatal screening in early diagnosis and timely start of therapy, and underscores the importance of continuous medication in such genetic disorders as CF and PKU. On the whole, such approach brings about a relative preservation of functioning of the most affected organs and systems. By the age of 5 years the child does not form bronchiectases, shows no signs of chronic hypoxia, nutritional deficiency or pronounced neurologic deficit, and is at low risk for the development of autism spectrum disorder. At the same time, the larger scale and longer-term observations are required in order to make the unequivocal conclusions about the prognosis of these diseases under conditions of modern-day medical follow-up.

Acute psychotic symptoms caused by overlapping central nervous system pathologies: a case report

2020 ◽  
pp. 376-379
Author(s):  
Gorkem Ugurlu ◽  
Mustafa Ugurlu ◽  
Meltem Kilic ◽  
Zuhal Apaydin ◽  
Ali Caykoylu
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms

Autism spectrum disorder in a patient with genetic mosaicism: case report

2017 ◽  
Vol Ano 7 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Ana Sofia Pontes Trillo ◽  
Mariana Gianola Arruda ◽  
Camila Fernandes Bonifácio Jubara ◽  
Isabela Mosconi Caldas ◽  
Sonia Maria Motta Palma
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Genetic Mosaicism

O presente relato descreve o caso de um paciente com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) associado ao mosaicismo genético 46XY, uma condição rara e pouco relatada. Os autores descrevem a evolução do paciente e discutem a literatura sobre anomalias cromossônicas associadas ao TEA. Conclui-se enfatizando que a avaliação clínica de cada caso de TEA deveria contemplar sempre aspectos neurológicos, psiquiátricos e genéticos.

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