scholarly journals Renal Protective Effect of Sirtuin 1

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-jun Dong ◽  
Nian Liu ◽  
Zhi Xiao ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Shu-hui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Acute Renal Injury ◽  
Cellular Energy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Survival Pathways

Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide- (NAD+-) dependent deacetylase. The homology of SIRT1 and Sir2 has been extensively studied. SIRT1 deacetylates target proteins using the coenzyme NAD+and is therefore linked to cellular energy metabolism and the redox state through multiple signalling and survival pathways. During the past decade, investigators have reported that SIRT1 activity is essential in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other age-related diseases. In the kidneys, SIRT1 may inhibit renal cell apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Therefore its activation may also become a new therapeutic target in the patients with chronic kidney disease including diabetic nephropathy. In this paper, we would like to review the protective functions of sirtuins and the role of SIRT1 in the onset of kidney disease based on previous studies, including diabetic nephropathy, acute renal injury, chronic kidney disease as well as lupus nephritis.

Role of vasopressin signaling in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Arus Garikovna Margaryan ◽  
Svetlana Anatolievna Lebedeva ◽  
Dariya Mikhailovna Lisitsyna ◽  
Polina Igorevna Sirotkina ◽  
Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Yakubova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Animal Models Of Diabetes

The diabetic kidney disease (also known as diabetic nephropathy) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus and also the most common cause of chronic kidney disease. Elevated plasma levels of vasopressin are consistently observed in patients with either type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and in animal models of diabetes mellitus. A role of enhanced vasopressin signaling in progression of the diabetic nephropathy to chronic kidney disease has been suggested in several epidemiological studies but the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms remain largely unclear and are the subject of current scientific research.

Editorial note

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Assounga
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Editorial Note ◽  
Sclerosing Peritonitis ◽  
The Past ◽  
African Journal

In this issue of the African Journal of Nephrology (AJN Vol 18, No 1) we publish original articles ranging from the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in an African population in general, to the role of HIV in kidney disease. An elegant study of fractionated heparin use in haemodialysis is also presented. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is an important modality of renal replacement to be considered in Africa in view of its ease of operation. However, beware of potential complications including sclerosing peritonitis as reported in Cape Town (South Africa).As in the past, this issue covers a wide variety of topics with contributions from diverse authors from south to west and North Africa. On behalf of the editorial board, I wish to take this opportunity to thank all of the authors and reviewers who have contributed to this issue of the journal, as well as to the readers for their sustained interest in the African Journal of Nephrology.

scholarly journals Sirtuins and renal diseases: relationship with aging and diabetic nephropathy

2012 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munehiro Kitada ◽  
Shinji Kume ◽  
Ai Takeda-Watanabe ◽  
Keizo Kanasaki ◽  
Daisuke Koya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Cellular Energy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Survival Pathways ◽  
Regulate Lipid Metabolism

Sirtuins are members of the Sir2 (silent information regulator 2) family, a group of class III deacetylases. Mammals have seven different sirtuins, SIRT1–SIRT7. Among them, SIRT1, SIRT3 and SIRT6 are induced by calorie restriction conditions and are considered anti-aging molecules. SIRT1 has been the most extensively studied. SIRT1 deacetylates target proteins using the coenzyme NAD+ and is therefore linked to cellular energy metabolism and the redox state through multiple signalling and survival pathways. SIRT1 deficiency under various stress conditions, such as metabolic or oxidative stress or hypoxia, is implicated in the pathophysiologies of age-related diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and renal diseases. In the kidneys, SIRT1 may inhibit renal cell apoptosis, inflammation and fibrosis, and may regulate lipid metabolism, autophagy, blood pressure and sodium balance. Therefore the activation of SIRT1 in the kidney may be a new therapeutic target to increase resistance to many causal factors in the development of renal diseases, including diabetic nephropathy. In addition, SIRT3 and SIRT6 are implicated in age-related disorders or longevity. In the present review, we discuss the protective functions of sirtuins and the association of sirtuins with the pathophysiology of renal diseases, including diabetic nephropathy.

scholarly journals Vitamin K, Vascular Calcification, and Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Evidence and Unanswered Questions

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kyla Shea ◽  
Sarah L Booth
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Us

ABSTRACTMore than 15% of the US population is currently >65 y old. As populations age there is a concomitant increase in age-related chronic diseases. One such disease is chronic kidney disease (CKD), which becomes more prevalent with age, especially over age 70 y. Individuals with CKD are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, in part because arterial calcification increases as kidney function declines. Vitamin K is a shortfall nutrient among older adults that has been implicated in arterial calcification. Evidence suggests CKD patients have low vitamin K status, but data are equivocal because the biomarkers of vitamin K status can be influenced by CKD. Animal studies provide more compelling data on the underlying role of vitamin K in arterial calcification associated with CKD. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the strengths and limitations of the available evidence regarding the role of vitamin K in CKD.

scholarly journals Ferritin in Kidney and Vascular Related Diseases: Novel Roles for an Old Player

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Balla ◽  
György Balla ◽  
Abolfazl Zarjou
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Ferritin Heavy Chain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cellular Iron ◽  
Iron Trafficking

Iron is at the forefront of a number of pivotal biological processes due to its ability to readily accept and donate electrons. However, this property may also catalyze the generation of free radicals with ensuing cellular and tissue toxicity. Accordingly, throughout evolution numerous pathways and proteins have evolved to minimize the potential hazardous effects of iron cations and yet allow for readily available iron cations in a wide variety of fundamental metabolic processes. One of the extensively studied proteins in the context of systemic and cellular iron metabolisms is ferritin. While clinicians utilize serum ferritin to monitor body iron stores and inflammation, it is important to note that the vast majority of ferritin is located intracellularly. Intracellular ferritin is made of two different subunits (heavy and light chain) and plays an imperative role as a safe iron depot. In the past couple of decades our understanding of ferritin biology has remarkably improved. Additionally, a significant body of evidence has emerged describing the significance of the kidney in iron trafficking and homeostasis. Here, we briefly discuss some of the most important findings that relate to the role of iron and ferritin heavy chain in the context of kidney-related diseases and, in particular, vascular calcification, which is a frequent complication of chronic kidney disease.

Potential effect of pharmaceutical care to improve outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder in Sulaimani dialysis centers

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-94
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Mineral Bone Disorder ◽  
Bone Disorder

Objective: the present study was aimed to evaluate the role of pharmaceutical services in improving the outcome of mineral bone disorder in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Methodology: One hundred and twenty patients with chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) screened for eligibility, seventy-six patients enrolled in the study and randomly allocated into two groups: pharmaceutical care and usual care, both groups interviewed by the pharmacist using specific questionnaire for assessing the quality of life (QoL). All the drug related problems (DRPs) including drug-drug interactions (DDIs) were recorded by the pharmacist. Blood samples were collected and utilized for analyzing the levels of vitamin D, phosphorous, calcium, albumin and parathyroid hormone at baseline and three months after. The pharmaceutical care group received all the educations about their medications and how to minimize DRPs; improve the QoL. Additionally, the pharmaceutical intervention included correcting the biochemical parameters. Results: Pharmaceutical care significantly improved patients QoL and minimized DRPs and DDIs. It was also effective in improving the biochemical parameters. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical care has a positive impact on improving the outcome of patients with CKD-MBD through attenuating DRPs, improving the biochemical parameters and the QoL.

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