E-Cigarette Use in Patients Receiving Home Oxygen Therapy

Current smokers who are prescribed home oxygen may not benefit from the therapy. In addition to being an obvious fire hazard, there is some evidence that the physiological mechanisms by which home oxygen is believed to operate are inhibited by smoking. Although their effectiveness is yet to be demonstrated, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are often regarded as an aid to smoking cessation. However, several burn accidents in e-cigarette smokers receiving home oxygen therapy have also been reported, leading Health Canada to release a warning of fire risk to oxygen therapy patients from e-cigarettes. It is the authors’ position that patients receiving oxygen should definitely not use e-cigarettes. The authors provide suggestions for addressing the delicate issue of home oxygen therapy in current cigarette and/or e-cigarette smokers.

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Polytobacco product use among current cigarette smokers in Hong Kong, China: results from population surveys (2015–17)

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10341-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

S. L. Chau ◽

M. P. Wang ◽

Y. Wu ◽

D. Y. T. Cheung ◽

A. Kong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Control Policy ◽

Tobacco Product ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Product Use ◽

Younger Age ◽

Current Cigarette ◽

Age And Sex

Abstract Background Polytobacco product use is increasingly popular, but little is known about the prevalence, trend, and factors of such use particularly in non-western countries. Method A representative sample of 1139 current cigarette smokers aged 15+ (84.1% male) were telephone interviewed in Tobacco Control Policy-related Surveys in 2015–2017. Information collected included poly-tobacco use (PTU), smoking and socio-demographic characteristics. Associations of current PTU with related factors were analyzed using logistic regression with adjustment for confounders. Prevalence was weighted by age and sex of current cigarette users in the general population. Results Eighty-four point one percent (95% CI 81.4–86.6%) were exclusive cigarette smokers. Fifteen point nine percent (13.4–18.6%) were current polytobacco product users, 12.3% (10.2–14.8%) used one tobacco product and 2.52% (1.59–3.97%) used two tobacco products in addition to cigarette. Cigarette use with cigar was more common (6.28%, 4.75–8.27%), and the least used product with cigarette was e-cigarette (1.05%, 0.44–2.50%). The changes in overall prevalence of PTU by number of products use varied in 3 years. Current PTU was associated with being male (AOR 2.01, 95% CI 1.12–3.61), younger age (AORs range from 1.34–4.65, P for trend < .001) and less ready to quit (2.08, 1.09–3.97). Conclusions Prevalence of PTU increased slowly by year, one tobacco product use with cigarette was more common. The most used tobacco product with cigarette was cigar. Being male, younger and less ready to quit were associated with current PTU.

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Psychometric Evaluation of the E-cigarette Dependence Scale

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntx271 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 1556-1564 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Meghan E Morean ◽

Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin ◽

Steve Sussman ◽

Jonathan Foulds ◽

Howard Fishbein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nicotine Dependence ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Test Criterion ◽

Scalar Invariant ◽

Wide Range ◽

Current Cigarette ◽

Dependence Scale ◽

Cigarette Dependence

Abstract Introduction Psychometrically sound measures of e-cigarette dependence are lacking. Methods We modified the PROMIS Item Bank v1.0—Smoking: Nicotine Dependence for All Smokers for use with e-cigarettes and evaluated the psychometrics of the 22-, 8-, and 4-item adapted versions, referred to as The E-cigarette dependence scale (EDS). Adults (1009) who reported using e-cigarettes at least weekly completed an anonymous survey in summer 2016 (50.2% male, 77.1% White, mean age 35.81 [10.71], 66.4% daily e-cigarette users, 72.6% current cigarette smokers). Psychometric analyses included confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, measurement invariance, examination of mean-level differences, convergent validity, and test-criterion relationships with e-cigarette use outcomes. Results All EDS versions had confirmable, internally consistent latent structures that were scalar invariant by sex, race, e-cigarette use (nondaily/daily), e-liquid nicotine content (no/yes), and current cigarette smoking status (no/yes). Daily e-cigarette users, nicotine e-liquid users, and cigarette smokers reported being more dependent on e-cigarettes than their counterparts. All EDS versions correlated strongly with one another, evidenced convergent validity with the Penn State E-cigarette Dependence Index and time to first e-cigarette use in the morning, and evidenced test-criterion relationships with vaping frequency, e-liquid nicotine concentration, and e-cigarette quit attempts. Similar results were observed when analyses were conducted within subsamples of exclusive e-cigarette users and duals-users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes. Conclusions Each EDS version evidenced strong psychometric properties for assessing e-cigarette dependence in adults who either use e-cigarette exclusively or who are dual-users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes. However, results indicated little benefit of the longer versions over the 4-item EDS, which provides an efficient assessment of e-cigarette dependence. Implications The availability of the novel, psychometrically sound EDS can further research on a wide range of questions related to e-cigarette use and dependence. In addition, the overlap between the EDS and the original PROMIS that was developed for assessing nicotine dependence to cigarettes provides consistency within the field.

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Effect of a hypothetical modified risk tobacco product claim on heated tobacco product use intention and perceptions in young adults

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056479 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056479

Author(s):

Julia C Chen-Sankey ◽

Afton Kechter ◽

Jessica Barrington-Trimis ◽

Rob McConnell ◽

Evan A Krueger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Tobacco Product ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Dual Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Web Based ◽

Experimental Effect ◽

Current Cigarette ◽

Product Claim ◽

Related Harm

IntroductionModified risk tobacco product (MRTP) claims for heated tobacco products (HTPs) that convey reduced exposure compared with conventional cigarettes may promote product initiation and transition among young people. We assessed the effects of a hypothetical MRTP claim for HTPs on young adults’ intention and perceptions of using HTPs and whether these effects differed by their current cigarette and e-cigarette use.MethodsWe embedded a randomised between-subjects experiment into a web-based survey administered among a cohort of 2354 Southern California young adults (aged 20–23) in 2020. Participants viewed depictions of HTPs with an MRTP claim (n=1190) or no claim (n=1164). HTP use intention and HTP-related harm and use perceptions relative to cigarettes and e-cigarettes were assessed.ResultsOverall, participants who viewed versus did not view the claim did not differ in HTP use intention (28.5% vs 28.7%) but were more likely to perceive HTPs as less harmful than cigarettes (11.4% vs 7.0%; p<0.001). The experimental effect on HTP use intention did not differ among past 30-day cigarette smokers versus non-smokers (interaction adjusted OR (AOR)=0.78, 95% CI 0.36 to 1.76) but differed among past 30-day e-cigarette users versus non-users (interaction AOR=1.67, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.68).DiscussionThe hypothetical MRTP claim may lower young adults’ HTP harm perceptions compared with cigarettes but may not change HTP use intention overall or differentially for cigarette smokers. The larger effect on HTP use intention among e-cigarette users than non-users raises the question of whether MRTP claims may promote HTP use or HTP and e-cigarette dual use among young e-cigarette users.

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E-Cigarettes, Cigarettes, and the Prevalence of Adolescent Tobacco Use

10.1542/9781610022743-adolescent_tobacco_use ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 101-110

Author(s):

Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis ◽

Robert Urman ◽

Adam M. Leventhal ◽

W. James Gauderman ◽

Tess Boley Cruz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychosocial Factors ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Strong Association ◽

Health Study ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

12Th Grade ◽

Current Cigarette ◽

Adolescent Tobacco Use

BACKGROUND Use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among adolescents has increased since their introduction into the US market in 2007. Little is known about the role of e-cigarette psychosocial factors on risk of e-cigarette or cigarette use in adolescence. METHODS Information on e-cigarette and cigarette psychosocial factors (use and attitudes about use in the home and among friends) was collected from 11th- and 12th-grade participants in the Southern California Children’s Health Study during the spring of 2014. RESULTS Of 2084 participants, 499 (24.0%) had used an e-cigarette, including 200 (9.6%) current users (past 30 days); 390 participants (18.7%) had smoked a combustible cigarette, and 119 (5.7%) were current cigarette smokers. Cigarette and e-cigarette use were correlated. Nevertheless, 40.5% (n = 81) of current e-cigarette users had never smoked a cigarette. Psychosocial factors (home use of each product, friends’ use of and positive attitudes toward e-cigarettes and cigarettes) and participant perception of the harm of e-cigarettes were strongly positively associated both with e-cigarette and cigarette use. Most youth who reported e-cigarette use had friends who used e-cigarettes, and almost half of current users reported that they did not believe there were health risks associated with e-cigarette use. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal studies of adolescents are needed to determine whether the strong association of e-cigarette psychosocial factors with both e-cigarette and cigarette use will lead to increased cigarette use or dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, or whether e-cigarettes will serve as a gateway to cigarette use.

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Workplace smoke-free policies that allow heated tobacco products and electronic cigarettes use are associated with use of both these products and conventional tobacco smoking: the 2018 JASTIS study

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055465 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055465

Author(s):

Yanakawee Siripongvutikorn ◽

Takahiro Tabuchi ◽

Sumiyo Okawa

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Internet Survey ◽

Survey Study ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

National Legislation ◽

Adjusted Rate ◽

Rate Ratios

ObjectivesHeated tobacco products (HTPs) and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are rapidly gaining popularity, especially in Japan. However, at the time of the survey (2018), there was no national legislation banning HTPs or e-cigarette use in the workplace. The objective is to examine the current situation for workplace smoke-free policies which ban the use of HTPs/e-cigarettes and the associations of such rules with the use of HTP and e-cigarette as well as conventional cigarette smoking.MethodsAn internet-based self-reported questionnaire survey was conducted in 2018 as a part of the Japan Society and New Tobacco Internet Survey study. 5646 eligible employees aged 15–72 years were analysed. Proportions and adjusted rate ratios for HTP and e-cigarette use were calculated according to covariates, using Poisson regression models. Those who reported HTP or e-cigarette use within 30 days were defined as current user of the products.ResultsIn workplaces which prohibited smoking indoors but permitted the use of HTPs/e-cigarettes, the rate ratios of HTP use was 2.19 (95% CI 1.57 to 3.06), e-cigarette use was 3.86 (95% CI 1.97 to 7.57) and combustible cigarette use was 1.67 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.34) when using workplaces which also prohibited HTPs/e-cigarettes as a reference category.ConclusionsWorkplaces that allow HTP/e-cigarette use indoors were associated with higher rate for HTP and e-cigarette users, and for combustible cigarette smokers. National legislation banning tobacco should be enforced and also cover HTPs and e-cigarettes in order to avoid renormalisation of smoking and nicotine addiction.

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Healthcare staff attitudes towards the use of electronic cigarettes (‘e-cigarettes’) compared with a local trust policy

Perspectives in Public Health ◽

10.1177/1757913916659311 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 137 (4) ◽

pp. 216-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Benjamin J Pippard ◽

Mark D Shipley

Keyword(s):

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Fire Risk ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Hospital Environment ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Staff Attitudes ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Barriers To Implementation

Background: E-cigarette use has risen dramatically in recent years, despite uncertainty over long-term health effects and concerns regarding efficacy as a smoking cessation device. Currently, there is no legislation prohibiting use in public, though many trusts have extended the NHS Smokefree policy to include e-cigarettes. The successful implementation of such policy is, however, unclear. Aim: This study examined staff attitudes towards the use of e-cigarettes in a hospital environment with respect to enforcement of a local trust smoking policy. Methods: A total of 79 healthcare professionals working at South Tyneside District Hospital, South Shields, completed a written questionnaire regarding use of e-cigarettes, particularly views on use in public and on hospital premises. Factors influencing the likelihood of individuals to challenge the use of e-cigarettes were assessed. Results: In all, 45% of respondents thought that e-cigarettes should be allowed in public places, though a majority (62%) favoured use on hospital grounds compared to within hospital buildings (18%). Over 50% of respondents were unaware of trust policy relating to e-cigarettes and only 25% had ever challenged someone using a device. Roughly, one-third reported that they would still not challenge someone in future, despite being informed of trust policy. Fear of abuse was the most cited reason for not challenging. Expressed concerns of e-cigarette use related to fire risk, ‘normalising’ smoking behaviour and uncertainty of long-term effects. Conclusion: Most staff do not enforce trust policy regarding e-cigarette use. This reflects variation in opinion over use, poor awareness of the policy itself and perceived barriers to implementation, including fear of abuse. Addressing these issues through staff education sessions may help successful future implementation.

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Comparing Factors Related to Any Conventional Cigarette Smokers, Exclusive New Alternative Product Users, and Non-Users among Japanese Youth: A Nationwide Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17093128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 3128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuki Kuwabara ◽

Aya Kinjo ◽

Maya Fujii ◽

Aya Imamoto ◽

Yoneatsu Osaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Nationwide Survey ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Alternative Product ◽

Japanese Youth ◽

The Impact

The impact of heated-tobacco-products (HTPs) and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) on youth is a controversial public health issue, as it is unknown whether alternative products result in more youth using such products or smoking. In Japan, e-cigarettes with nicotine are prohibited, but e-cigarettes without nicotine are available. HTPs are marketed as tobacco products. Within this unique context, we aimed to compare any conventional cigarette smokers (including those who also used alternative products) with exclusive users of alternative products and examine factors relating to their use in Japan. In 2017, 22,275 students in grades 7–9 (age 12–15) and 42,142 in grades 10–12 (age 15–18) nationwide were surveyed. Overall, 1.8% were current users of any of the three products over the last month. Multivariable analysis revealed that risk factors for alternative product use were the same as those for cigarette use. Among all users, exclusive new product users were more likely to participate in club activities and intend to continue to higher education; any conventional cigarette users (including those who also used alternative products) were more likely to be exposed to secondhand smoke at home and to drink alcohol. Reducing adult smoking and disseminating health education remain relevant as strategies for preventing adolescents’ future tobacco use.

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E-Cigarette Use and Future Cigarette Initiation Among Never Smokers and Relapse Among Former Smokers in the PATH Study

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/0033354919864369 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (5) ◽

pp. 528-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Robert McMillen ◽

Jonathan D. Klein ◽

Karen Wilson ◽

Jonathan P. Winickoff ◽

Susanne Tanski

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Harm Reduction ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Potential Harm ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Never Smokers

Objectives: Any potential harm-reduction benefit of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) could be offset by nonsmokers who initiate e-cigarette use and then smoke combustible cigarettes. We examined correlates of e-cigarette use at baseline with combustible cigarette smoking at 1-year follow-up among adult distant former combustible cigarette smokers (ie, quit smoking ≥5 years ago) and never smokers. Methods: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal study, surveyed 26 446 US adults during 2 waves: 2013-2014 (baseline) and 2014-2015 (1-year follow-up). Participants completed an audio computer-assisted interview in English or Spanish. We compared combustible cigarette smoking at 1-year follow-up by e-cigarette use at baseline among distant former combustible cigarette smokers and never smokers. Results: Distant former combustible cigarette smokers who reported e-cigarette past 30-day use (9.3%) and ever use (6.7%) were significantly more likely than those who had never used e-cigarettes (1.3%) to have relapsed to current combustible cigarette smoking at follow-up ( P < .001). Never smokers who reported e-cigarette past 30-day use (25.6%) and ever use (13.9%) were significantly more likely than those who had never used e-cigarettes (2.1%) to have initiated combustible cigarette smoking ( P < .001). Adults who reported past 30-day e-cigarette use (7.0%) and ever e-cigarette use (1.7%) were more likely than those who had never used e-cigarettes (0.3%) to have transitioned from never smokers to current combustible cigarette smokers ( P < .001). E-cigarette use predicted combustible cigarette smoking in multivariable analyses controlling for covariates. Conclusions: Policies and counseling should consider the increased risk for nonsmokers of future combustible cigarette smoking use as a result of using e-cigarettes and any potential harm-reduction benefits e-cigarettes might bring to current combustible cigarette smokers.

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P032 E-CIGARETTE AND CIGARETTE USE AMONG U.S. ADULT IBD PATIENTS: POPULATION-LEVEL SURVEY

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

10.1093/ibd/zaa010.159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S62-S63

Author(s):

Ryan Suk ◽

Heetae Suk ◽

Kalyani Sonawane ◽

Ashish Deshmukh

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Survey Design ◽

Population Level ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

The Us ◽

Current Cigarette ◽

Lung Injuries ◽

Nationally Representative

Abstract Background Cigarette smoking can negatively affect treatment response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, especially among those with Crohn’s disease (CD). E-cigarette has been considered a safer alternative to delivering nicotine for IBD patients who smoke. However, given the recent large number of reported e-cigarette-related lung injury cases, CDC released an interim guidance update on those lung injuries. They also coined a term EVALI (e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury) emphasizing the possible harms in e-cigarette smoking. To the best our knowledge, we currently do not know the recent smoking habits in American IBD patients, especially when it reveals that e-cigarette use might cause serious lung injuries. Methods We used National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for 2015–2016, which is a nationally representative survey for noninstitutionalized adults in the US. Weighted counts and percentages were estimated using survey design for the population-level results. We identified those who reportedly were told by a doctor or healthcare professional that they have IBD. We first estimated the prevalence of current e-cigarette or cigarette use among IBD patients. We then estimated the frequency of use (every day or some days) among the current users. We also categorized IBD patients into 4 groups by smoking type: those using e-cigarette only, cigarette only, using both, and neither. To see the characteristics of e-cigarette users, we stratified e-cigarette users by current/former/never cigarette use status. Results We identified 951 participants (population estimate: 3.1 million) with IBD. Among those people, 5.0% (95% CI: 3.1–6.9) was current e-cigarette users while 17.9% (95% CI: 14.8–21.0) was current cigarette smokers. Prevalence of every-day use and some-day use of e-cigarette was similar (2.4% vs 2.6%), while there was much higher prevalence of every-day use than some-day use in cigarette (15.3% vs 2.6%). Those who were using both e-cigarette and cigarette was 3.2% (Table). Majority of e-cigarette users were also currently using cigarette (63.6%, 95% CI: 48.9–78.3), while 32.7% (95% CI: 18.4–47.0) of them were former cigarette smokers. Only 3.7% (0.0–8.9) of them never used cigarettes. Conclusion While numerous studies show e-cigarette use is generally increasing rapidly in the US, we found that 5% of IBD patients are currently using e-cigarette. Almost two-thirds of them were also currently smoking cigarette and one-third of them were former smokers. It is possible that most of the e-cigarette users are still in the process of transitioning from cigarette smoking and thus using both types. We lack information on effects of using e-cigarette or both e-cigarette and cigarette in IBD treatment outcomes, as well as how e-cigarette use will complicate other health risks in IBD patients (e.g. lung injuries). We need further research on these effects to properly guide IBD patients who are in need of smoking cessation.

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Abstract 17459: Sex Differences in Hypertension Associated With Tobacco and Electronic Cigarette Use

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.17459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Mohinder Reddy Vindhyal ◽

Elizabeth Ablah ◽

Hayrettin Okut ◽

Paul M NDUNDA ◽

K James Kallail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Hypertension Prevalence ◽

Potential Association ◽

Interview Survey ◽

Similar Risk

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the leading cardiovascular risk factors, with a prevalence of almost 875 million individuals worldwide. Hypertension prevalence is higher among men than women until after menopause. No studies have determined if there is a relationship between hypertension and the use of electronic cigarettes (E-Cig). This study sought to determine the sex differences in hypertension association with tobacco and E-Cigarette use Methods: National Health Interview Survey Data from years 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2018 were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses with Fisher’s Scoring iterative algorithm determined the covariate-adjusted and weighted odds ratios of clinical cardiovascular outcomes (i.e. hypertension) and their potential association with use of tobacco or e-cigarettes by sex after controlling for age and body mass index (BMI). Results: A total of 121,705 participants completed the survey and met inclusion criteria of which 66,762 were female users and 54,943 were male users. Female e-cigarette users were 2.23 times more likely (95% CI:1.29 - 3.86, P < 0.05) to report hypertension than those who never used cigarettes or e-cigarettes. Female cigarette smokers were 1.63 times more likely (95% CI: 1.32 – 2.01, P < 0.05), and male cigarette smokers were 1.34 times more likely (95% CI :1.12 -1.60, P < 0.05) to report hypertension than those who never used cigarettes or e-cigarettes. Female and male dual users (of E-Cig and tobacco) had similar odds of 1.40 (95% CI 1.08 -1.83, P < 0.05), and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.13 - 1.77, P < 0.05) to report hypertension than those who never smoked. Discussion: The findings from this study suggest that females reporting current e-cigarette use had the highest odds of reporting hypertension, followed by female tobacco smokers. Both male and female dual users had similar risk of hypertension.

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