scholarly journals A Classification of Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors of Soybean

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Hudson ◽  
Matthew E. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Soybean Genome ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Bhlh Genes ◽  
Wide Range

The complete genome sequence of soybean allows an unprecedented opportunity for the discovery of the genes controlling important traits. In particular, the potential functions of regulatory genes are a priority for analysis. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors is known to be involved in controlling a wide range of systems critical for crop adaptation and quality, including photosynthesis, light signalling, pigment biosynthesis, and seed pod development. Using a hidden Markov model search algorithm, 319 genes with basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor domains were identified within the soybean genome sequence. These were classified with respect to their predicted DNA binding potential, intron/exon structure, and the phylogeny of the bHLH domain. Evidence is presented that the vast majority (281) of these 319 soybean bHLH genes are expressed at the mRNA level. Of these soybean bHLH genes, 67% were found to exist in two or more homeologous copies. This dataset provides a framework for future studies on bHLH gene function in soybean. The challenge for future research remains to define functions for the bHLH factors encoded in the soybean genome, which may allow greater flexibility for genetic selection of growth and environmental adaptation in this widely grown crop.

scholarly journals Basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) Transcription Factors Regulate a Wide Range of Functions in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7152
Author(s):  
Yaqi Hao ◽  
Xiumei Zong ◽  
Pan Ren ◽  
Yuqi Qian ◽  
Aigen Fu
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factor ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Functions ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor family is one of the largest transcription factor gene families in Arabidopsis thaliana, and contains a bHLH motif that is highly conserved throughout eukaryotic organisms. Members of this family have two conserved motifs, a basic DNA binding region and a helix-loop-helix (HLH) region. These proteins containing bHLH domain usually act as homo- or heterodimers to regulate the expression of their target genes, which are involved in many physiological processes and have a broad range of functions in biosynthesis, metabolism and transduction of plant hormones. Although there are a number of articles on different aspects to provide detailed information on this family in plants, an overall summary is not available. In this review, we summarize various aspects of related studies that provide an overview of insights into the pleiotropic regulatory roles of these transcription factors in plant growth and development, stress response, biochemical functions and the web of signaling networks. We then provide an overview of the functional profile of the bHLH family and the regulatory mechanisms of other proteins.

scholarly journals Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors Cooperate To Specify a Cortical Projection Neuron Identity

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1456-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Mattar ◽  
Lisa Marie Langevin ◽  
Kathryn Markham ◽  
Natalia Klenin ◽  
Salma Shivji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Projection Neuron ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Bhlh Gene ◽  
Cortical Projection ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Bhlh Genes ◽  
Cortical Projection Neuron

ABSTRACT Several transcription factors are essential determinants of a cortical projection neuron identity, but their mode of action (instructive versus permissive) and downstream genetic cascades remain poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that the proneural basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) gene Ngn2 instructs a partial cortical identity when misexpressed in ventral telencephalic progenitors, inducing ectopic marker expression in a defined temporal sequence, including early (24 h; Nscl2), intermediate (48 h; BhlhB5), and late (72 h; NeuroD, NeuroD2, Math2, and Tbr1) target genes. Strikingly, cortical gene expression was much more rapidly induced by Ngn2 in the dorsal telencephalon (within 12 to 24 h). We identify the bHLH gene Math3 as a dorsally restricted Ngn2 transcriptional target and cofactor, which synergizes with Ngn2 to accelerate target gene transcription in the cortex. Using a novel in vivo luciferase assay, we show that Ngn2 generates only ∼60% of the transcriptional drive in ventral versus dorsal telencephalic domains, an activity that is augmented by Math3, providing a mechanistic basis for regional differences in Ngn2 function. Cortical bHLH genes thus cooperate to control transcriptional strength, thereby temporally coordinating downstream gene expression.

A genome-wide survey on basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors in rat and mouse

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zheng ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
Q. Yao ◽  
Z. Yang ◽  
K. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Genome Wide Survey

A novel basic helix-loop-helix protein is expressed in muscle attachment sites of the Drosophila epidermis

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 4145-4154
Author(s):  
P Armand ◽  
A C Knapp ◽  
A J Hirsch ◽  
E F Wieschaus ◽  
M D Cole
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Bhlh Protein ◽  
Muscle Attachment ◽  
Muscle Creatine Kinase ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Attachment Sites ◽  
Bhlh Genes ◽  
Somatic Muscles ◽  
Muscle Attachment Sites

We have found that a novel basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein is expressed almost exclusively in the epidermal attachments sites for the somatic muscles of Drosophila melanogaster. A Drosophila cDNA library was screened with radioactively labeled E12 protein, which can dimerize with many HLH proteins. One clone that emerged from this screen encoded a previously unknown protein of 360 amino acids, named delilah, that contains both basic and HLH domains, similar to a group of cellular transcription factors implicated in cell type determination. Delilah protein formed heterodimers with E12 that bind to the muscle creatine kinase promoter. In situ hybridization with the delilah cDNA localized the expression of the gene to a subset of cells in the epidermis which form a distinct pattern involving both the segmental boundaries and intrasegmental clusters. This pattern was coincident with the known sites of attachment of the somatic muscles to tendon cells in the epidermis. delilah expression persists in snail mutant embryos which lack mesoderm, indicating that expression of the gene was not induced by attachment of the underlying muscles. The similarity of this gene to other bHLH genes suggests that it plays an important role in the differentiation of epidermal cells into muscle attachment sites.

scholarly journals Atoh8 in Development and Disease

Biology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Satya Srirama Karthik Divvela ◽  
Darius Saberi ◽  
Beate Brand-Saberi
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Subcellular Location ◽  
Transcriptional Regulators ◽  
Special Group ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Disease Initiation ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factors ◽  
Bhlh Proteins

Atoh8 belongs to a large superfamily of transcriptional regulators called basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins. bHLH proteins have been identified in a wide range of organisms from yeast to humans. The members of this special group of transcription factors were found to be involved not only in embryonic development but also in disease initiation and its progression. Given their importance in several fundamental processes, the translation, subcellular location and turnover of bHLH proteins is tightly regulated. Alterations in the expression of bHLH proteins have been associated with multiple diseases also in context with Atoh8 which seems to unfold its functions as both transcriptional activator and repressor. Like many other bHLH transcription factors, so far, Atoh8 has also been observed to be involved in both embryonic development and carcinogenesis where it mainly acts as tumor suppressor. This review summarizes our current understanding of Atoh8 structure, function and regulation and its complex and partially controversial involvement in development and disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document