scholarly journals Cervical Cancer Screening Program by Visual Inspection: Acceptability and Feasibility in Health Insurance Companies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apollinaire G. Horo ◽  
Judith Didi-Kouko Coulibaly ◽  
Abdoul Koffi ◽  
Boris Tchounga ◽  
Konan Seni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Insurance Company

Objective. To assess willingness to participate and diagnostic accuracy of visual inspection for early detection of cervical neoplasia among women in a health insurance company.Patients and Method. Cervical cancer screening was systematically proposed to 800 women after consecutive information and awareness sessions. The screening method was visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) or Lugol’s iodine (VILI).Results. Among the 800 identified women, 640 (82%) have accepted the screening, their mean age was 39 years, and 12.0% of them were involved in a polygamist couple. 28.2% of women had prior cervical screening. VIA has been detected positive in 5.9% of women versus 8.6% for VILI. The sensitivity was 72.9% and specificity was 95.2% for VIA versus 71.2% and 97.3% for VILI respectively. The histological examination highlighted a nonspecific chronic cervicitis in 4.6%, CIN1 lesions in 5.91%, and CIN2/3 in 1.2% of the cases.Conclusion. Cervical cancer screening by visual inspection showed appropriate diagnostic accuracy when used to detect early cervical lesions. It is a simple and easy to perform method that could be introduced progressively in the health insurance policy while waiting for a national screening program.

scholarly journals Cervical Cancer Screening Participation among Women of Russian, Somali, and Kurdish Origin Compared with the General Finnish Population: A Register-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7899
Author(s):  
Esther E. Idehen ◽  
Anni Virtanen ◽  
Eero Lilja ◽  
Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen ◽  
Tellervo Korhonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Migrant Health ◽  
Finnish Population ◽  
Screening Participation ◽  
Cancer Screening Participation

Migrant-origin women are less prone to cervical screening uptake compared with host populations. This study examined cervical cancer screening participation and factors associated with it in the Finnish mass screening program during 2008–2012 in women of Russian, Somali and Kurdish origin compared with the general Finnish population (Finns) in Finland. The study population consists of samples from the Finnish Migrant Health and Well-being Study 2010–2012 and Health 2011 Survey; aged 30–64 (n = 2579). Data from the Finnish screening register linked with other population-based registry data were utilized. For statistical analysis we employed logistic regression. Age-adjusted screening participation rates were Russians 63% (95% CI: 59.9–66.6), Somalis 19% (16.4–21.6), Kurds 69% (66.6–71.1), and Finns 67% (63.3–69.8). In the multiple-adjusted model with Finns as the reference; odds ratios for screening were among Russians 0.92 (0.74–1.16), Somalis 0.16 (0.11–0.22), and Kurds 1.37 (1.02–1.83). Among all women, the substantial factor for increased screening likelihood was hospital care related to pregnancy/birth 1.73 (1.27–2.35), gynecological 2.47 (1.65–3.68), or other reasons 1.53 (1.12–2.08). Screening participation was lower among students and retirees. In conclusion, screening among the migrant-origin women varies, being significantly lowest among Somalis compared with Finns. Efforts using culturally tailored/population-specific approaches may be beneficial in increasing screening participation among women of migrant-origin.

Health information services: Engaging women in cervical cancer screening awareness in Nigeria

IFLA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
Ngozi P. Osuchukwu ◽  
Ngozi B. Ukachi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Laboratory Scientist

Around the world, a woman dies of cervical cancer every two minutes. In Nigeria, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths, which could be avoided with proper access to health information. This mixed methods study, which employs a questionnaire, interviews, observations and discussion, examined women’s awareness on cervical cancer, screening status, sources, attitude and willingness, factors deterring them from being screened, and lessons learnt. Screening was done using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). The study involved two librarians, two medical doctors, a pharmacist and a laboratory scientist: 90 women participated in the cervical screening exercise in non-standard settings – an e-library and a cathedral. It was discovered that 90% of the women had never been screened. Thus, if the women are not sensitized on cervical cancer they may never go for screening and more casualties will be recorded. The paper concludes with recommendations and a call to action for all, especially librarians.

Implementation of a community-based cervical cancer screening program using visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine in Kutch District, India.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12009-e12009
Author(s):  
Surbhi Grover ◽  
Melody Ju ◽  
Lilie L. Lin ◽  
Shobha Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Lugol’S Iodine

e12009 Background: Visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine (VIA/VILI) is increasingly reframed as a bridge modality through which low resource countries can provide cervical cancer screening while waiting for the more effective HPV DNA tests to become affordable. Often the screening programs are organized by government bodies that lack the trust of the local communities and hence such programs suffer from poor participation. Here we aim to describe a locally-sustained VIA/VILI screening program in rural Kutch district in India directed by Kutch Mahlia Vikas Sangathan (KMVS), a local NGO committed to women empowerment. Methods: All capacity-building measures (funding, training, materials, and healthcare workers) were rooted in the local community. Heath workers were sent to Tata Memorial Cancer Center in Mumbai for training. NGO members held information sessions prior the screening camps educating women about the significance of screening. A three-visit screening model using VIA/VILI was implemented. At first visit, all women were consented and screened. VIA/VILI positive women returned for a second visit for biospy. Biopsy positive women then returned for a third visit to arrange for treatment. All the screening camps were conducted in community buildings such as schools with the collaboration of the village leaders. Results: Screening camps were set up in 17 villages in 2010-2011, screening a total of 832 married women upto the age of 50. There were 0 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) positive lesions or invasive cancers found. None of the women were lost to follow-up. Conclusions: It is feasible to develop a community level screening program and to provide cancer prevention needs from within a community. Future directions include further evaluation of downstream protocols after VIA/VILI tests, increasing health worker diagnostic and treatment capacity, and determining positive recruitment factors in women attending screening camps. The KMVS screening program has been well-received and has been approached by several other NGO’s and training centers seeking to build similar community-based cervical cancer screening programs.

scholarly journals Cervical Cancer Screening Financing in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 93s-93s ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wahidin
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Facilities

Background: Indonesia has been developing social health insurance as attempt of universal health coverage with target of 100% population by 2019. The coverage was for all diseases from primary care until secondary care. Cervical cancer screening was among these which were covered by the insurance. In line with national program of cervical cancer screening, the insurance will strengthen the development of the program. As a new concept of financing - started in 2014- it need to know many circumstances of cervical cancer screening financing in Indonesia. Aim: The study was aimed to know overview of cervical cancer screening financing in Indonesia. Methods: Design of the study was descriptive study through literature review from related sources. Secondary data were collected from Directorate of Noncommunicable Disease Control and Center of Health Financing, Ministry of Health, and National Health Insurance Body (BPJS). The study was conducted in January- February 2018. Results: Cancer was ranked number 3 of highest claim for national health insurance with total IDR 1.54 trillion in 2014, became IDR 2.3 trillion in 2015. Number of cases of cancer, as claimed in hospitals, was also increasing from 702,207 cases in 2014 became 1,325,776 cases in 2015. Cervical cancer was among the highest claim. Based on Minister of Health Decree No. 52/2016 about tariff of healthcare in social health insurance, cervical cancer screening was covered by the insurance. Tariff of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) was maximum IDR 25,000 (USD 2), tariff of Papanicolaou test was maximum IDR 125,000 (USD 10), and tariff of cryotherapy of positive VIA was IDR 150,000 (USD 11.5). These tariffs can be claimed by providers of cervical screening in primary care facilities to BPJS through noncapitation scheme. This scheme was number of claim financing by BPJS to primary health centers according to type and number of health services. Mechanism of claiming was conducted by screening providers to financing officers in primary health centers using specific form to be sent to BPJS. Then, BPJS will process payment for accepted claim. Number of population became of BPJS in 2017 was 187.9 million out of 257 million target (73%). Meanwhile number of primary care facilities collaborated with BPJS was 20,708 (including 9813 primary health centers) out of 24,336 primary care facilities (84%). It means the financing of cervical screening could be used as optimal as possible to achieve national target of screening which was 37.4 million women aged 30-50 years. Conclusion: Cervical cancer screening financing was covered by national health insurance in Indonesia. Majority of primary care facility collaborated with BPJS which become strengthening factor to enhance achievement of national target of cervical screening.

scholarly journals Clinical and analytical evaluation of the Alinity m HR HPV assay within the VALGENT-3 framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharonjit K. Dhillon ◽  
Anja Oštrbenk Valenčak ◽  
Lan Xu ◽  
Mario Poljak ◽  
Marc Arbyn
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Clinical Accuracy

Only clinically validated human papillomavirus (HPV) tests should be used in cervical cancer screening. VALGENT provides a framework to validate new HPV tests. In the VALGENT-3 study, the clinical accuracy of the recently launched Abbott Alinity m HR HPV assay (Alinity m) to detect cervical precancerous lesions was assessed against the standard comparator test (Hybrid Capture 2; HC2) and additionally against two previously validated alternative comparator tests (Abbott RealTime HR HPV and Roche cobas 4800 assays). Validation was conducted using 1,300 consecutive cervical samples from women attending an organized population-based cervical screening program enriched with 300 cytologically abnormal samples. Overall hrHPV test concordance was assessed by kappa values; the concordance for HPV-16 and HPV-18 was assessed for Alinity m, RealTime, and cobas, and the Linear Array (Roche) was used for more detailed genotyping concordance. In the total study population, the relative sensitivity and specificity for CIN2+ and CIN3+ of Alinity m compared to HC2 was 1.02 (95% CI:0.99–1.06) and 1.03 (95% CI:0.99–1.06), respectively. The relative specificity for ≤ CIN1 was 1.01 (95% CI:1.00–1.02) (all pni ≤ 0.001). Alinity m showed non-inferior clinical accuracy among women 30 years or older when cobas or RealTime were used as comparators. HPV genotype-specific concordance between Alinity m and the three comparator tests showed excellent agreement, with kappa values ranging between 0.82 and 1.00. In conclusion, Alinity m fulfils the international accuracy requirements for use in cervical cancer screening and shows excellent HPV genotype-specific concordance with three clinically validated HPV tests.

scholarly journals Healthcare Providers´ Views on Cervical Screening: A Qualitative Study of Barriers to Cervical Screening in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 214s-214s
Author(s):  
C.J. Yong ◽  
L.L. Hong ◽  
K.Y. Lee ◽  
I. Krishnasamy ◽  
N.H. Binti Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Community Healthcare

Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer affecting Malaysian women despite being highly preventable through screening. A national cervical cancer screening program has been established since 1969 to ensure early detection of cervical cancer. Nonetheless, the prevalence of cervical cancer in Malaysia remains high. Malaysia has been offering Pap tests for free in community health clinics since 1995, however only 47.3% of women have been screened. It has also been reported that nearly 40% of patients with cervical cancer presented at advanced stages of the disease. Government community healthcare professionals are the main stakeholders in the national cervical screening program. Therefore, understanding these healthcare professionals’ perspective of barriers associated with underutilization of cervical cancer screening is key to increase overall screening uptake. Aim: This study aimed to explore healthcare professionals’ views on perceived barriers to cervical screening in Malaysia. Methods: Qualitative in-depth semistructured interviews were carried out with 44 primary healthcare professionals consisting of family medicine specialists (N = 5), medical officers (N = 9), matrons and nurses (N = 20), laboratory technician (N = 5), registration staff and IT technicians (N = 5) involved in the cervical screening program at 5 different urban government healthcare clinics in Petaling district. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Results: Themes emerged were individual and system barriers. Individual barriers include knowledge/risk perception (lack of knowledge and awareness of cervical screening, low perceived risk), distress (Pap test is embarrassing or painful, previous negative Pap test experience and fear of a cancer diagnosis) and coping skills (remembering the appointment, managing responsibilities such as getting child care/elder care/coverage at work, ability to get transportation), social-cultural barrier (family support); while system barriers highlight the long waiting time for cervical screening, poor documentation, no national call-recall system, patient overload, lack of resources and manpower, lack of educational materials and problems with opportunistic screening. Conclusion: Sustainable screening interventions require approaches that address and resolve both individual and system barriers, such as exploring new methods and delivery of cervical screening, and providing education for the public and healthcare providers.

scholarly journals Visual inspection as a cervical cancer screening method in a primary health care setting in Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 1389-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghislain Sangwa-Lugoma ◽  
Salaheddin Mahmud ◽  
Samih H. Nasr ◽  
Jean Liaras ◽  
Patrick K. Kayembe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Primary Health Care Setting ◽  
Primary Health
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