scholarly journals Postrenal Failure due to Urinary Stones Associated with Acute Viral Gastroenteritis: Three Case Reports

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Satoru Kira ◽  
Takahiko Mitsui ◽  
Hidenori Zakoji ◽  
Tadashi Aoki ◽  
Norifumi Sawada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Urinary Tract Obstruction ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Ureteral Stones ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Chemical Dissolution ◽  
Postrenal Failure

Acute gastroenteritis with viral infection in infants causes severe diarrhea and often results in acute renal failure due to severe dehydration. However, a viral infection, particularly rotavirus, rarely induces postrenal failure due to bilateral stones in infants. Herein, we report three cases of postrenal failure in infants due to bilateral ureteral stones induced by acute gastroenteritis with rotavirus. Following immediately nephrostomy, chemical dissolution therapy succeeded to treat postrenal failure. Immediate nephrostomy for the release of upper urinary tract obstruction combined with urinary alkalization as a chemical dissolution therapy should be considered in such cases.

Indinavir Urinary Stones as Origin of Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction

1997 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. John ◽  
N.J. Müller ◽  
M. Opravil ◽  
D. Hauri
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Obstruction ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction

scholarly journals Benign ureteral polyps causing upper urinary tract obstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 101619
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duy Hung ◽  
Vuong Kim Ngan ◽  
Nguyen Dinh Hieu ◽  
Nguyen Minh Duc
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Obstruction ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Ureteral Polyps ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction

scholarly journals Composition of Uroliths seen in patients in Abuja, Nigeria: a single centre retrospective analysis of 155 stones

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celsus Ukelina Undie ◽  
Ewomazino Ibanga Nnana ◽  
Kalenebari Raymond Torporo
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Uric Acid Stones ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background Uroliths are stones formed in the urinary tract. Analysis of stones helps to identify risk factors for their development and prevention of recurrence. Standard stone analysis using modern technology is not routinely done in Nigeria. This study sought to determine the chemical composition of urinary stones seen in Abuja, Nigeria. Methods This was a retrospective study on composition of uroliths. Urinary stones surgically removed from 155 patients through minimal access surgical procedures between January 2015 and August 2019 were analysed. Optical crystallography and infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the chemical composition of the urinary stones. Results A total of 155 urinary stones were assembled from the patients. More stones were removed from male patients and the male to female ratio was 1.9:1. Stones were rare in the extremes of age. The predominant location (89.7%) of stones was in the upper urinary tract. All stones were of mixed composition with calcium oxalate accounting for 93.55%. Calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and uric acid stones were more common in the upper tract, while 2 of the 3 struvite stones were found in the lower tract. Conclusion Stones found in this study were of mixed composition with the most common constituent being Calcium oxalate and the least common, struvite.

Investigation of Children with Acute Gastroenteritis by Multiplex PCR Method in Central Part of Turkey

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Yılmaz ◽  
Havva Kaya ◽  
Mehmet Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Norovirus Gii

Abstract Objective Gastroenteritis is a disease that affects all age groups, especially children, and causes high mortality and morbidity in all countries. The most common agents of acute gastroenteritis are viral agents. As a result, millions of diarrhea attacks and hospital admissions occur worldwide every year due to viral gastroenteritis. This study uses the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to investigate the viruses that are the causative agents of viral gastroenteritis in the pediatric patient group in Konya, Turkey. Methods Stool samples of 94 patients aged 0 to 18 years sent from Emergency clinics and Pediatric outpatient clinics, Meram Medical Faculty Hospital Pediatric clinics, Konya Necmettin Erbakan University to Medical Microbiology Laboratory with a diagnosis of gastroenteritis between February and December 2018 were included in the study. Stool samples were stored at –80°C until the time of the analysis. Deoxyribonucleic acid/ribonucleic acid isolation from stool samples was performed with EZ1 Virus Mini Kit v2.0 (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) using an automatic extraction system (BioRobot EZ1 system, Qiagen). The presence of astrovirus, rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus (GI, GII), and sapovirus agents was investigated by the multiplex PCR method (Fast Track Diagnostics, Luxembourg) viral gastroenteritis kit. Results Viral gastroenteritis agents were detected in 56.3% of the patients. One viral agent was detected in 47 (50%) of these patients and at least two viral agents in 6 (6.3%) of them. Norovirus GII was detected in 20 (21.2%) of the children included in the study, adenovirus in 13 (13.8%), rotavirus in 11 (12.8%), astrovirus in 11 (11.7%), sapovirus in 4 (4.2%), and norovirus GI in 1 (1.06%). When the distribution of viral agents was examined by months, the most number of agents were observed (21; 35%) in May, followed by April and June (12; 20%). Considering the distribution of the prevalence of the agents by age, it was seen to be mainly between 0 and 12 months (42%). Conclusion Considering that the most common viral agent in our region is norovirus GII, it will be useful to investigate the norovirus that is not routinely examined in children who are admitted to clinics with the complaint of gastroenteritis. It will be appropriate to examine routinely adenovirus, rotavirus, and norovirus in the laboratory, especially in children with diarrhea and vomiting in the winter and spring months.

scholarly journals Compartment Syndrome Related to Patient Positioning in the Surgical Treatment of Urolithiasis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés Laso-García ◽  
Fernando Arias-Fúnez ◽  
Gemma Duque-Ruiz ◽  
David Díaz-Pérez ◽  
Alberto Artiles-Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Patient Positioning ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Ureteral Stones ◽  
Lithotomy Position ◽  
American Society

The incidence of urolithiasis is progressively increasing worldwide, as is the surgical treatment of urinary stones. The most frequent surgery for urolithiasis is ureterorenoscopy, which is performed in the lithotomy position. This position is also used in the endoscopic approach to bladder stones. Lateral decubitus is rarely used in the treatment of urinary stones. In the case of complex kidney stones, the gold standard treatment is percutaneous nephrolithotomy. This surgery has traditionally been performed in the prone position. However, the use of the supine (Valdivia) position is increasing in recent times. Furthermore, the Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia position has been widely used for percutaneous nephrolithotomy since it was described by Ibarluzea et al. in 2007. Treatment of kidney and ureteral stones simultaneously is allowed in both supine positions. In addition, they allow the removal of encrusted stents and the easy placement of double J stents and, in the case of the Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia position, percutaneous nephrostomies. Compartment syndrome is a rare complication in the lithotomy position, but scarcely described in the supine position. This especially applies to the Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia position, in which the lower limbs are in moderate flexion, with the ipsilateral lower limb in a slightly lower position relative to the other. This complication can lead to skin necrosis, myoglobinuric renal failure, amputation, permanent neuromuscular dysfunction, and even death. Risk factors include Body Mass Index, male gender, obesity, increased muscle mass, peripheral vascular disease (advanced age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus), height, lack of operative experience, significant bleeding during surgery, hypothermia, acidemia, combination general-spinal anesthesia, prolonged surgical time, systemic hypotension, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) class or vasoconstrictor drugs. Therefore, compartment syndrome of the leg is a potentially devastating complication that must be suspected and treated through early decompression of the compartment by four compartment fasciotomy. Preventive measures reduce the incidence of this condition.

scholarly journals Stone composition of renal stone formers from different global regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
Adam Hali´nski ◽  
Kamran Hassan Bhatti ◽  
Luca Boeri ◽  
Jonathan Cloutier ◽  
Kaloyan Davidoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Ureteral Stones ◽  
Stone Analysis ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Cystine Stones ◽  
Struvite Stones

Objective: To study urinary stone composition patterns in different populations around the world. Materials and methods: Data were collected by reviewing charts of 1204 adult patients of 10 countries with renal or ureteral stones (> 18 years) in whom a stone analysis was done and available. Any method of stone analysis was accepted, but the methodology had to be registered. Results: In total, we observed 710 (59%) patients with calcium oxalate, 31 (1%) with calcium phosphate, 161 (13%) with mixed calcium oxalate/calcium phosphate, 15 (1%) with carbapatite, 110 (9%) with uric acid, 7 (< 1%) with urate (ammonium or sodium), 100 (9%) with mixed with uric acid/ calcium oxalate, 56 (5%) with struvite and 14 (1%) with cystine stones. Calciumcontaining stones were the most common in all countries ranging from 43 to 91%. Oxalate stones were more common than phosphate or mixed phosphate/oxalate stones in most countries except Egypt and India. The rate of uric acid containing stones ranged from 4 to 34%, being higher in Egypt, India, Pakistan, Iraq, Poland and Bulgaria. Struvite stones occurred in less than 5% in all countries except India (23%) and Pakistan (16%). Cystine stones occurred in 1% of cases. Conclusions: The frequency of different types of urinary stones varies from country to country. Calcium-containing stones are prevalent in all countries. The frequency of uric acid containing stones seems to depend mainly on climatic factors, being higher in countries with desert or tropical climates. Dietary patterns can also lead to an increase in the frequency of uric acid containing stones in association with high obesity rates. Struvite stones are decreasing in most countries due to improved health conditions.

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