scholarly journals The Diagnosis of Iliac Bone Destruction in Children: 22 Cases from Two Centres

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Xiangshui Sun ◽  
Yue Lou ◽  
Xiaodong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Eosinophilic Granuloma ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Iliac Bone ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Tissue Mass

Iliac bone destruction in children is uncommon and presents various imaging features. Correct diagnosis based on clinical and imaging features is difficult. This research aimed to retrospectively explore the clinical features, imaging, and histopathological diagnosis of children with iliac bone destruction. A total of 22 children with iliac bone destruction were enrolled in this retrospective analysis from two children’s hospitals during July 2007 to April 2015. Clinical features, imaging, and histopathological findings were analysed. The mode of iliac bone destruction, lesion structure, and the relationship between the range of soft tissue mass and cortical destruction were determined based on imaging data. The data were analysed using descriptive methods. Of the iliac bone destruction cases, eight cases were neuroblastoma iliac bone metastasis, seven cases were bone eosinophilic granuloma, two cases were Ewing’s sarcoma, two cases were osteomyelitis, one case was bone cyst, one case was bone fibrous dysplasia, and one case was non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Iliac bone destruction varies widely in children. Metastatic neuroblastoma and eosinophilic granuloma are the most commonly involved childhood tumours.

scholarly journals Clinical and Imaging Analysis of Primary Tumors of the Clavicle

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Hai Yu ◽  
Shu-Man Han ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Lei Cao ◽  
Hui-Zhao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Eosinophilic Granuloma ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Tumor Like Lesions ◽  
Age Range

Background: The clinical and imaging presentations of primary tumors and tumor-like lesions in the clavicle are not clear. Objectives: To investigate the clinical and imaging presentations of primary tumors and tumor-like lesions in the clavicle for better diagnosis. Patients and Methods: Patients with clavicular diseases between 1963 and 2018 confirmed by pathology who had plain radiography, computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging were enrolled. The age, sex, imaging data, radiological signs and location of the tumor at the clavicle of patients were analyzed and compared. Results: Eighty-one patients with clavicular diseases were identified including 49 males and 32 females with an age range of 2 - 76 years (mean, 42.6). There were malignant tumors in 50 cases (61.7%), intermediate in 12 (14.8%), and benign in 19 cases (23.5%). Malignant tumors included metastatic tumors in 31 cases (38.3%), plasma-cell myeloma in ten (12.3%), and osteosarcoma in four (4.9%). The intermediate bone tumors were mainly eosinophilic granuloma in six cases (7.4%), and aneurysmal bone cyst in three (3.7%). Benign tumors were mainly osteochondroma (6.2%), bone cyst (3.7%), and chondroma (3.7%). Malignant tumors had bone destruction, periosteal reaction, ill-defined margins and soft tissue masses. Benign tumors and tumor-like lesions had well-defined margins. Conclusion: Many tumors may occur at the clavicle with more malignant than benign tumors with no specific imaging features in most lesions. A lesion near the sternal end with atypical benign imaging features should be considered as malignant.

scholarly journals Imaging Diagnosis and Differentiation of Desmoplastic Fibroma of Bone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Wei Zhong ◽  
Lei Cao ◽  
Zhe Guo ◽  
Hui-Zhao Wu ◽  
Wen-Juan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Desmoplastic Fibroma ◽  
Ct Value ◽  
Soft Tissue Masses ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Osteolytic Destruction ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Background: To analyze the imaging features of desmoplastic fibroma of bone (DFB) for correct diagnosis. Methods: The plain radiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 20 patients with DFB were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Twenty patients with DFB were retrieved including eleven males and nine females with an age range of 2-52 years (median 27). The DFB involved the femur in six patients, ilium in five, tibia in four, humerus in two, lumbar vertebra in one, radius in one, and calcaneus in the remaining one. DFB was common in the metaphysis of long bones could involve the diaphysis and epiphysis. The imaging presentations were divided into four types: the cystic expansile destruction, osteolytic destruction, mixed destruction, and paraosseous destruction. CT value was 30 -60 Hu in the lesion area (6 cases CT value＞45Hu). MRI had low mixed signals on T1WI and high mixed signals on T2WI. Soft tissue masses might be present in DFB. Conclusions: DFB is a rare tumor with strong local aggressiveness, imaging presentation of cystic bone destruction, low signals on T1WI and T2WI in the lesion, which are helpful for diagnosis of the disease and differentiation from other ones.

scholarly journals Primary microcystic/reticular schwannoma of the frontal bone: illustrative case

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemiao Zhao ◽  
Xinmu Zhou ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Junqiao Pan ◽  
Bingrong Li
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Frontal Bone ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
First Case ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Painless Mass

BACKGROUND To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case of microcystic/reticular schwannoma arising in the frontal bone. OBSERVATIONS An 18-year-old man presented to the authors’ orthopedic clinic with a complaint of a progressively enlarging, painless mass in the frontal bone. It showed significant hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging with progressive enhancement. Computed tomography combined with three-dimensional reconstruction showed expansive bone destruction with a soft tissue mass in the left side of the frontal bone, without calcification inside or a sclerotic margin around it. The mass was a microcystic/reticular schwannoma as confirmed by surgical pathology. LESSONS The authors report a rare case of a microcystic/reticular schwannoma arising in the frontal bone, with relatively comprehensive imaging data that enabled them to learn more about this tumor.

scholarly journals Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Mimics Diffuse Metastatic Disease: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulgun Engin ◽  
Kızıldag Yirgin ◽  
Hulya Kandemir
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties

Abstract Background Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is associated with major diagnostic difficulties as it has many atypical symptoms and its imaging findings are similar to those of many other diseases. Case Report We present the case of a 50-year-old woman with a complex cystic mass in her pelvis and a 2-month history of pain. Thoracoabdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed the following: (1) multiple supraclavicular, axillary, mediastinal, and abdominal pathologic lymph nodes with central hypoattenuation; (2) sternal and dorsal vertebral bone destruction with a soft tissue mass; and (3) multiple hypoattenuating masses in the liver. 18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) revealed pathologic uptake in the defined areas, which were similar to metastases. Chest X-ray was normal. Diffuse metastatic disease was suspected clinically, but careful analysis of the imaging findings and the final pathologic results revealed multisystemic extrapulmonary TB. Clinical and radiological recovery was significant after anti-TB treatment at the 6-month follow-up. Conclusion Extrapulmonary TB without pulmonary involvement is associated with major diagnostic difficulties, especially with PET-CT. However, recognition and understanding of the CT or MR imaging spectrum can aid in the correct diagnosis and management of the disease.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Imaging and Pathological Features of Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma and Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of Long Tubular Bones

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Heng Shi ◽  
Shu-Man Han ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Bao-Hai Yu ◽  
Hui-Zhao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Fracture ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Clinical Imaging ◽  
Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma ◽  
Hyperintense Signal ◽  
Fluid Levels ◽  
Multiple Cysts

Background: The clinical, imaging and pathological features of telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS) in long bones are helpful for differentiation from aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC). Objectives: To investigate the clinical, imaging and pathological features of TOS in comparison with ABC in long bones. Patients and Methods: Seventeen patients with TOS and 17 patients with ABC in our hospital were analyzed in the clinical, imaging and pathological features for proper diagnosis. Results: For plain radiographs in 17 TOS cases, a soft tissue mass was detected in 14 cases, lytic bone destruction in 13, ill-defined border in 12, periosteal reaction in eight, formation of the Codman triangle in five, pathological fracture in three, and calcification in one. In 17 cases with ABC, an ill-defined border was found in fifteen cases, lytic and expansile destruction in eleven, thinned sclerotic rim in twelve, eccentrically location in ten, coarse septations in eight, a soft tissue mass in three, pathological fracture in three, periosteal reaction in two, and ill-defined border in two cases. In CT imaging of TOS, multiple cysts were in twelve cases, and fluid-fluid levels in three. In ABC, multiple cysts were in eleven cases while fluid-fluid levels in four. In MRI presentations of TOS, low and medium signal was present in the T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), whereas mixed (9/12) or high signal (3/12) was presented in the T2 WI with inhomogeneous signal. Four cases had multiple cysts and fluid-fluid levels in the bone destruction and soft tissues. The cysts had long T1 and long T2 signal with isointense signal in the septations (5/12). Fat inhibition sequence showed clear cystic changes. In ABC, low complete or incomplete signal was demonstrated in all lesions with a higher incidence of fluid-fluid levels (8/11). The lesion was of low and medium inhomogeneous signal in the T1 WI but mixed signal in T2 WI (6/11) including hyperintense signal in the upper part but mixed signal in the lower part in four cases or hyperintense signal (1/11) in T2 WI. The histopathological features of TOS were bleeding inside the lesion, highly atypia tumor cells of malignancy in the septa and tumorous bone tissue. The septa of ABC were composed of proliferative fibroblasts with dispersed polykaryocytes, reactive woven bone but no atypical cells. Conclusion: The clinical, imaging and pathological characteristics should be combined to make a correct differential diagnosis between telangiectatic osteosarcoma and aneurysmal bone cyst.

scholarly journals Chondroma of the skull base and maxilla

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 649-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Kiralj ◽  
Miroslav Ilic ◽  
Borislav Markov ◽  
Srdja Dedic ◽  
Bojan Pejakovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Eosinophilic Granuloma ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Soft Tissue Masses ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Introduction. Chondromas are uncommon benign tumors of cartilaginous origin. Although chonodroma of the jaw is extremely rare, the commonly involved are the anterior portion of the maxilla, condyle and coronoid process. A chondroma is a painless, slow growing tumor causing destruction and exfoliation of teeth. On a radiograph, the tumor appears as a cyst-like radiolucent lesion, while some are sclerotic. The borders are usually ill-defined. Irregular calcifications may be seen with radiolucencies and then it is an osteochondroma. Material and Methods. We present a patient with a resected and histologically proven chondroma of the skull base and maxilla. A 65-year-old female was admitted to our clinic with swelling and breathing difficulties. MRI showed a large soft tissue mass of the skull base and maxilla. Clinicopathological and radiological features were examined by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Discussion and Conclusion. Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare, benign cartilaginous tumor that often occurs in the metaphyses of proximal tibia, proximal and distal femur and small bones of the foot. The differential diagnosis is wide and includes simple or aneyrismal bone cyst, giant cell tumor, nonossifying fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, enchondroma, chondroblastoma, eosinophilic granuloma and fibrous cortical defect. Our case demonstrates an uncommon occurrence in the maxillary sinus: CMF with nasal, pterygoid and orbital infiltration. In the diagnosis of an intracranial chondrocytic tumor, it is important to distinguish it from enchondroma and chondrosarcoma. MR provides a detailed assessment of soft tissue masses of the craniofacial region, while CT offers superior analysis of bone structure involvement. The present case underlines the importance of MR examination in the diagnosis of soft tissue masses in the craniofacial region.

scholarly journals Case Report: Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma With Spinal Involvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Qiu ◽  
Kaiying Yang ◽  
Shiyi Dai ◽  
Siyuan Chen ◽  
Yi Ji
Keyword(s):  
Age At Onset ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Vascular Tumor ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
West China Hospital ◽  
West China ◽  
Spinal Involvement

Introduction: Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare, locally invasive vascular tumor that mostly appears in infants and adolescents. KHE with spinal involvement is extremely rare. The aim of this study was to review the imaging features, clinical manifestations and treatment of KHE patients with spinal involvement.Materials and Methods: We reviewed patients with KHE who were admitted to Pediatric Surgery of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from April 2014 to August 2020, and the cases were evaluated.Results: Seven patients with spinal involvement were enrolled in the study, including four (57.1%) males and three (42.9%) females. The age at onset ranged from 1.0 day to 4.0 years, with an average of 1.6 years. Five (71.4%) had pain due to bone destruction, three patients (42.9%) had decreased range of motion (ROM), four (57.1%) patients had scoliosis, two (28.6%) patients developed claudication, and three patients (42.9%) presented with a soft tissue mass in the neck of the back. Five patients (71.4%) had the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), with a minimum platelet value of 8 × 109/L. All patients were treated with sirolimus, and showed regression of the lesion and/or normalization of the hematologic parameters.Conclusion: KHE with spinal involvement is difficult to diagnose due to its rarity and variable symptoms, which need to be recognized to start early treatment. The management of KHE with spinal involvement should be performed by a multidisciplinary team. Sirolimus can improve outcomes in patients with KHE with spinal involvement.

scholarly journals Radiological features of central giant cell granuloma: comparative study of 7 cases and literature review

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200429
Author(s):  
Samip Shrestha ◽  
Jia Zhang ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
Xiaomin Zeng ◽  
Xiaoyong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Cystic Degeneration ◽  
Contrast Study ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Giant Cell Granuloma ◽  
Central Giant Cell Granuloma ◽  
Cortical Thinning ◽  
Mri Features

Objective: To review and analyze the clinical and imaging features of central giant cell granuloma patients and to review the relevant literatures for the diagnosis and clinical manifestation of central giant cell granuloma. Methods: Seven cases of central giant cell granuloma were retrospectively selected for the study, all of which were confirmed by pathology and had relevant imaging investigations. All seven cases had undergone CT scan, three cases had undergone MRI scan. Detailed clinical features were compared along with the imaging findings and analysis was done on the basis of their presentation and imaging features. Results: The clinical features, radiologic features were varied according to the site of the lesion. CT features include unevenly dense expansile mass causing bone destruction and cortical thinning. While MRI features with low to iso-intensity in T1- and T2 weighted images. There may be presence of cystic degeneration, hemorrhage or hemosiderin deposits or osteoid formation, which can cause T1 and T2 signal changes. On contrast study, the lesion doesn’t enhance but periphery may enhance mildly. Conclusion: Unevenly dense expansile mass with bone destruction and cortical thinning with low to iso-intensity in T1 weighted and T2 weighted images and mildly enhance peripherally, Central giant cell granuloma should be considered.

scholarly journals Radiological features of Central Giant Cell Granuloma: Comparative study of 7 case reports and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samip Shrestha ◽  
Jia Zhang ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
Xiaomin Zeng ◽  
Xiaoyong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Cystic Degeneration ◽  
Contrast Study ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Giant Cell Granuloma ◽  
Central Giant Cell Granuloma ◽  
Cortical Thinning ◽  
T2 Weighted Images

Abstract Background: To review and analyze the clinical and imaging features of central giant cell granuloma patients and to review the relevant literatures for the diagnosis and clinical manifestation of central giant cell granuloma.Methods: 7 cases of central giant cell granuloma were retrospectively selected for the study all of which were confirmed by pathology and had relevant imaging investigations. All 7 cases had undergone CT scan, 3 cases had undergone MRI scan. Detailed clinical features were compared along with the imaging findings and analysis was done on the basis of their presentation and imaging features.Results: The clinical features, radiologic features were varied according to the site of the lesion. CT features include unevenly dense expansile mass causing bone destruction and cortical thinning. While MRI features with low to iso-intensity in T1 weighted and T2 weighted images. There may be presence of cystic degeneration, hemorrhage or hemosiderin deposits or osteoid formation, which can cause T1 and T2 signal changes. On contrast study, the lesion doesn’t enhance but periphery may enhance mildly. Conclusion: Unevenly dense expansile mass with bone destruction and cortical thinning with low to iso-intensity in T1 weighted and T2 weighted images and mildly enhance peripherally, CGCG should be considered.

scholarly journals Phosphaturie mesenchymal tumour, 'non-phosphaturic' variant: a case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reubina Wadee ◽  
Zwelithini Linda ◽  
Abdullah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumour ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Normal Serum Calcium ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumours

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumours are uncommon neoplasms, usually associated with tumour-induced osteomalacia, that occur in middle-aged adults but have been reported at the extremes of age. The 'non-phosphaturic' variant is even rarer METHODS: Herein, we describe the non-phosphaturic variant in a 12-year-old male who presented to the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery with a six-month history of painful progressive swelling of his right forearm in the absence of trauma. He had no other significant symptoms RESULTS: The patient had normal serum calcium and phosphate levels on biochemical analysis. An inci-sional biopsy was performed and a histopathological diagnosis of a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour, non-phosphaturic variant, was rendered. Six weeks later, he underwent surgical excision of a 15x15 cm soft tissue mass from his right forearm. He had an uneventful postoperative period and was discharged. He has been followed up at the outpatient department and has been free of tumour recurrence for over 18 months since his surgery with no evidence of osteomalacia and no other tumours CONCLUSION: Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumours are rare mesenchymal neoplasms and their microscopically identical counterpart without phosphaturia, known as the 'non-phosphaturic' variant, is even more uncommon and may prove a greater diagnostic challenge. While the diagnosis may be confirmed by hypophosphataemia and phosphaturia secondary to the paraneoplastic phenomenon of tumour-induced osteomalacia, there may be instances, such as with our patient, where tumour-induced osteomalacia is absent. This case underscores the importance of clinicopathological correlation together with a wide differential diagnosis required to arrive at a correct diagnosis to facilitate appropriate patient management Level of evidence: Level 5 Keywords: phosphaturic mesenchymal tumours, non-phosphaturic variant

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