frontal bone
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Author(s):  
Rakshith Srinivasa ◽  
Sunil V. Furtado ◽  
Tanvy Sansgiri ◽  
Kuldeep Vala

Abstract Aim We present our experience in the management of frontal bone fractures using the previously described radiologic classification of frontal bone fractures. Methodology A retrospective study was conducted, which reviewed the medical records and computed tomographic (CT) scan images of patients with frontal bone fracture from January 2016 to February 2019. Patients with complete medical records and a follow-up of minimum 1 year were included in the study. Demographic details, mechanism of injury, associated intracranial injuries, maxillofacial fractures, management, and complications were analyzed. CT scan images were used to classify the frontal bone fractures using the novel classification given by Garg et al (2014). The indications for surgical treatment were inner table frontal sinus fracture with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, intracranial hematoma with significant mass effect requiring surgical evacuation, and outer table comminuted fracture that is either causing nasofrontal duct obstruction or for cosmetic purpose. Results A total of 55 patients were included in the study. Road traffic accidents as the commonest cause of frontal bone fractures. The most common fracture pattern was type 1 followed by type 5 and depth B followed by depth A. Four patients presented with CSF rhinorrhea. CSF rhinorrhea was more frequent with fracture extension to the skull base (depth B, C, D), which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion Frontal bone fracture management has to be tailor-made for each patient based on the extent of the fracture, presence of CSF leak, and associated intracranial and maxillofacial injuries.


2021 ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
CHAN-GYU YUN

A right frontal bone belonging to the tyrannosaurid theropod Teratophoneus curriei from the Campanian Kaiparowits Formation of Utah provides important anatomical information that is useful in understanding tyrannosaurid taxonomy and relationships. Many aspects of its anatomy indicate a subadult ontogenetic status of this individual, as they compare favorably with subadults of other tyrannosaurids such as Daspletosaurus torosus and Tyrannosaurus rex. This is consistent with the previous interpretation that this individual was subadult, based on different cranial bones such as lacrimal or maxilla. It is likely that a previous assessment of the body mass of this individual was underestimated, and it is presumed here that it was most likely around 1000 kg. This description of the frontal anatomy has several implications for previous works on tyrannosaurid cranial anatomy, and information that corrects aspects of our understanding on tyrannosaurid frontal anatomy is provided. Reanalysis of Nanuqsaurus hoglundi, a tyrannosaurid theropod that has similar frontal morphology with Teratophoneus curriei, implies that parts of its diagnosis are problematic and the proposed evidence for the supposed diminutive body size of this taxon is weak.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
OV Ivanov

Many patients with traumatic brain injury develop complications in the postoperative period. The article describes a case of revision surgery in a female patient with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea following a severe car accident. During one surgery, the skull base and the frontal bone defect were repaired and a lumboperitoneal shunt was placed. The skull base was repaired using an autologous musculoaponeurotic graft. For a better cosmetic effect, the implant was designed using CADCAM technologies. The patient had a relapse of the leak in the postoperative period, which required revision surgery (multilayer reconstruction using a fibrin-thrombin sponge). The patient was followed up for 2 years, with no relapse. The desired clinical and cosmetic effects were successfully achieved.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaozhen Qin ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Xu ◽  
Shuirong Liu ◽  
Heyang Zhang ◽  
...  

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to cell and tissue impairment, as well as functional deficits. Stem cells promote structural and functional recovery and thus are considered as a promising therapy for various nerve injuries. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of ectoderm-derived frontal bone mesenchymal stem cells (FbMSCs) in promoting cerebral repair and functional recovery in a murine TBI model. FbMSCs showed fibroblast like morphology and osteogenic differentiation capacity. FbMSCs were CD105, CD29 positive and CD45, CD31 negative. Different from mesoderm-derived MSCs, FbMSCs highly expressed ectoderm-specific transcription factor Tfap2β and growth factor FGF1. FbMSC application significantly ameliorated the behavioral deficits of TBI mice and promoted neural regeneration. Immunofluorescence staining and qRT-PCR data revealed that microglial activation and astrocyte polarization to the A1 phenotype were suppressed by FbMSC application. In addition, FGF1 secreted from FbMSCs enhanced glutamate transportation by astrocytes and alleviated the cytotoxic effect of excessive glutamate on neurons. Therefore, MSCs with characteristics of FbMSCs might be good candidates for TBI therapy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Filipe de Carvalho Nogueira ◽  
Rosa Rayanne Lins de Souza ◽  
Ladyanne Pavão de Menezes ◽  
Pedro Henrique De Souza Lopes ◽  
Ozawa Brasil Júnior ◽  
...  

Introduction: Fractures of the frontal bone correspond to 5 to 15% of all facial fractures. This type of fracture can lead to difficulties in restoring bone congruence and to postoperative secondary aesthetic problems. Objective: This paper aims to present a clinical case report of frontal bone fracture where a late reconstruction was performed using a titanium mesh with the aid of stereolithographic model prototyping. Case report: Female patient, 26 years old, with aesthetic sequelae in the upper third of the face after a motorcycle accident. The imaging exams showed a comminuted frontal bone fracture, as well as upper edge and right orbit ceiling involvement. The planning consisted of reconstruction of the affected area with the use of a titanium mesh pre-shaped in a stereolithographic model. The procedure was performed under general anesthesia and coronal access. After installation of the fixation material, pericranial flap rotation and suture of the surgical wound were performed. The patient progressed well, with considerable improvement in facial aesthetics. Conclusion: This paper reports the importance of good planning in cases of frontal bone fracture sequel, in which the use of model-shaped mesh in a stereolithographic model tends to optimize surgery, bringing aesthetic and psychosocial benefits.   Keywords Frontal bone; Titanium; Craniocerebral trauma.


Author(s):  
Oleksandr D. Bondarchuk ◽  
Oleg F. Melnikov ◽  
Мarina D. Timchenko ◽  
Natalia D. Didyk

The authors conducted clinical and immunological research on the identification of сytokine factors of inflammation and regeneration in patients with frontal bone trauma (29) and practically healthy donors (11). Factors of inflammation (interleukin-1β, γ-interferon), anti-inflammation and regeneration (interleukin-34 and transforming growth factor – TGF-1β) were determined in the blood serum by ELISA. It was found that the content of the factor of regeneration decreases and the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines increase in the blood serum of the patients with frontal traumas with frontal sinus damage.


Author(s):  
Krystyne Basa ◽  
Andrew Lee ◽  
Jennifer N. Shehan ◽  
Taylor F. Mahoney ◽  
Jessica LeClair ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-54
Author(s):  
Mastan Shaik

INTRODUCTION: The coronal approach gives a broad exposure to the frontal bone, the calvaria, the nasal bones, the orbits, the subcondylar region, the zygoma and the zygomatic arch and gives ideal aesthetic results with less complication. The common craniofacial fractures are Nasal bones (45%), cranial bones (24%), Mandible (13%), Zygoma (13%), Orbital blowout (3%), Maxilla (2%). Common causes of fractures are Road trafc accident, Assault, Industrial accidents, Recreational accidents, Frontal bone fracture. METHOD: The study was carried out for a period of one year from March 2020 to March 2021. The study conducted in St Joseph dental college ELURU in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. The age limit for this study was below 30 years. The number of subjects involved in this study was 5. Number of females was 3 and males were 2 in this study. RESULT: Number of female participants in this study was 3 and number of male participants was 2.Number of male participants with coronal incision were 1 and number of participants with pretrichial incision were 2.Out of 2 one for male participant and one for female participant. CONCLUSION: The coronal ap has recently become a preferred approach for access to the craniofacial skeleton and orbit. This method of exposure has become particularly useful with increased indications for rigid internal xation and primary bone grafting in the management of complex facial fractures.


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