scholarly journals Imaging Diagnosis and Differentiation of Desmoplastic Fibroma of Bone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Wei Zhong ◽  
Lei Cao ◽  
Zhe Guo ◽  
Hui-Zhao Wu ◽  
Wen-Juan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Desmoplastic Fibroma ◽  
Ct Value ◽  
Soft Tissue Masses ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Osteolytic Destruction ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Background: To analyze the imaging features of desmoplastic fibroma of bone (DFB) for correct diagnosis. Methods: The plain radiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 20 patients with DFB were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Twenty patients with DFB were retrieved including eleven males and nine females with an age range of 2-52 years (median 27). The DFB involved the femur in six patients, ilium in five, tibia in four, humerus in two, lumbar vertebra in one, radius in one, and calcaneus in the remaining one. DFB was common in the metaphysis of long bones could involve the diaphysis and epiphysis. The imaging presentations were divided into four types: the cystic expansile destruction, osteolytic destruction, mixed destruction, and paraosseous destruction. CT value was 30 -60 Hu in the lesion area (6 cases CT value＞45Hu). MRI had low mixed signals on T1WI and high mixed signals on T2WI. Soft tissue masses might be present in DFB. Conclusions: DFB is a rare tumor with strong local aggressiveness, imaging presentation of cystic bone destruction, low signals on T1WI and T2WI in the lesion, which are helpful for diagnosis of the disease and differentiation from other ones.

MRI features of different types of sinonasan rhabdomyosarcomas: a series of eleven cases

2021 ◽  
pp. 20210030
Author(s):  
Junjie Zeng ◽  
Lan Liu ◽  
Jiayong Li ◽  
Qiling Huang ◽  
Leiming Pi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bone Invasion ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Haematogenous Metastasis ◽  
Ethmoid Sinuses ◽  
Pathological Subtypes

Objective: To retrospectively analyze magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of various pathological subtypes of sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and explore correlations between imaging features and pathological subtypes. Methods: In total, 11 cases with embryonal, alveolar or pleomorphic sinonasal RMSs, confirmed by surgical pathology, were selected. Their characteristics and distinctive imaging features were analysed, and the correlation between pathology and imaging features was explored. Results: Bone destruction was observed in all 11 cases with RMS. Expansive growth was predominant in three alveolar and three embryonal RMS cases, and creeping growth was predominant in two alveolar, two embryonal and one pleomorphic RMS cases. Signs of residual mucosa were observed in all 11 cases, and 10 cases showed involvement of multiple sinus cavities and orbital cavities. All cases exhibited mild-to-intermediate enhancement. Conclusion: Sinonasal RMSs have the following characteristic MRI features: ethmoid sinuses and middle nasal conchae are the prevalent sites; lesions are mainly of mild enhancement; tumours exhibit signs of residual mucosa, mild-to-intermediate enhancement and frequent orbital involvement; bone invasion and bone destruction are frequently observed; and haematogenous metastasis is not as common as lymphatic metastasis. RMSs of various pathological subtypes were not significantly distinct by imaging.

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus as a Possible Reversible Cause of Dementia, Neuroimaging Findings

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S629-S630 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zacharzewska-Gondek ◽  
T. Gondek ◽  
M. Sąsiadek ◽  
J. Bladowska
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Central Brain ◽  
Flow Void ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

IntroductionNormal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) occurs in 0.5% of persons over 65 years old. The etiology of NPH is still unknown. Clinically NPH is characterised by cognitive deterioration, gait impairment and urinary incontinence. NPH is a possible reversible cause of dementia. Neuroimaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow to assess typical brain changes in this disorder.The objectives are to present the typical findings of NPH on CT and MRI and to demonstrate differences between NPH and central brain atrophy in neuroimaging.ResultsThe imaging features of NPH include: supratentorial ventriculomegaly with callosal angle less than 90o, tight sulci at the vertex and considerable out of proportion enlargement of Sylvian fissures. In case of central brain atrophy there may be a predominance of ventriculomegaly and/or widened sulci without crowding of the gyri at the vertex and callosal angle greater than 90o. In both entities, the decrease of density in periventricular region may be seen: in NPH could be a sign of transependymal oedema or in brain atrophy as an accompanying leukoaraiosis. Additionally, it is possible to assess changes in flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on MRI: in NPH an increased pulsatile CSF circulation in aqueduct as flow void sign may be observed.ConclusionsCorrect diagnosis of NPH on CT or MRI in relation to clinical data is very important. Treatment with ventriculoperitoneal shunt or third ventriculostomy may partially improve the quality of life in some patients with cognitive impairment due to NPH.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Soft Tissue Masses of Hand: A Radio-Pathological Correlation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Agarwal ◽  
Mahesh Prakash ◽  
Pankaj Gupta ◽  
Satyaswarup Tripathy ◽  
Nandita Kakkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Tendon Sheath ◽  
Cavernous Haemangioma ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Pathologic Evaluation ◽  
Hyperintense Signal ◽  
Soft Tissue Masses ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Aim. To evaluate soft tissue masses of the hand with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (USG) and to correlate imaging findings with pathological findings.Material and Methods. Thirty-five patients with soft tissue masses of the hand were evaluated with high resolution USG and contrast enhanced MRI of the hand, prospectively over a period of 2.5 years. The radiological diagnosis was then compared with cytology/histopathology.Results. There were a total of 19 (55%) females. The mean age was 27.45 ± 14.7 years. Majority (45%) of cases were heteroechoic. Four cases were predominantly hyperechoic. These were later diagnosed as lipomas. Four cases were anechoic (diagnosed as ganglions). Only four lesions showed hyperintense signal on T1-weighted images. Out of these, 3 were lipomas and one was cavernous haemangioma. Three lesions were hypointense on T2-weighted images. All these lesions were diagnosed as giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath. A correct diagnosis was possible on MRI in 80% of casesn=28.Conclusion. MRI provides specific findings for diagnosis of certain soft tissue lesions of the hand. Ultrasonography allows accurate diagnosis of hemangioma/vascular malformations. However, in most conditions, imaging findings are nonspecific and diagnosis rests on pathologic evaluation.

scholarly journals The Diagnosis of Iliac Bone Destruction in Children: 22 Cases from Two Centres

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Xiangshui Sun ◽  
Yue Lou ◽  
Xiaodong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Eosinophilic Granuloma ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Iliac Bone ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Tissue Mass

Iliac bone destruction in children is uncommon and presents various imaging features. Correct diagnosis based on clinical and imaging features is difficult. This research aimed to retrospectively explore the clinical features, imaging, and histopathological diagnosis of children with iliac bone destruction. A total of 22 children with iliac bone destruction were enrolled in this retrospective analysis from two children’s hospitals during July 2007 to April 2015. Clinical features, imaging, and histopathological findings were analysed. The mode of iliac bone destruction, lesion structure, and the relationship between the range of soft tissue mass and cortical destruction were determined based on imaging data. The data were analysed using descriptive methods. Of the iliac bone destruction cases, eight cases were neuroblastoma iliac bone metastasis, seven cases were bone eosinophilic granuloma, two cases were Ewing’s sarcoma, two cases were osteomyelitis, one case was bone cyst, one case was bone fibrous dysplasia, and one case was non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Iliac bone destruction varies widely in children. Metastatic neuroblastoma and eosinophilic granuloma are the most commonly involved childhood tumours.

Intramedullary Well-Differentiated Osteosarcoma: Imaging and Pathologic Findings in 17 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Man Han ◽  
Yuan Wu ◽  
Jin-Xu Wen ◽  
Tian-Hao Wu ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distal Femur ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Endoprosthetic Replacement ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Soft Tissue Masses ◽  
Bone Cortex ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Age Range

Background: Intramedullary well-differentiated osteosarcoma (IMWDOS) is rare and may easily be misdiagnosed. Objective: This study was to investigate the clinical, imaging and pathological features of IMWDOS for correct diagnosis. Results: There were 13 males and 4 females with an age range of 19-55 years (mean 32). The lesion was located at long bones in 16 patients and at the second region of acetabulum in one patient. Except for three patients with limited areas of lesions, all the other patients had wide areas of disease, and the lesion in long bones all involved the metaphysis area with possible extension towards the diaphysis. In imaging, the lesion usually had an unclear boundary with destruction of bone cortex, uneven thickness of the bone cortex, thick and coarse trabecula in the lesion, but few periosteal reaction and soft tissue masses. The lesion was histologically composed of spindle cells with slight atypia. Follow-up was performed 2-101 months (mean 37.7) in 14 cases, 10 years in one case and 26 years in the remaining two. At follow-up, 12 patients (12/17 or 70.6%) who had complete resection including amputation (n=2), wide excision (n=8) and endoprosthetic replacement (n=2) had no recurrence or metastasis. Among five patients with curettage, three (3/17 or 17.6%) were recurrent with two deaths, and the third one died during post-operation chemotherapy. Conclusion: Intramedullary well-differentiated osteosarcoma tends to occur at the metaphysis of long bones, especially at the distal femur. Histological, clinical and imaging findings lack characteristics and should be closely combined to reach a correct diagnosis. The prognosis of patients with complete lesion resection is good while incomplete lesion curettage or resection will lead to recurrence and transformation into a highly malignant tumor.

scholarly journals Clinical and Imaging Analysis of Primary Tumors of the Clavicle

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Hai Yu ◽  
Shu-Man Han ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Lei Cao ◽  
Hui-Zhao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Eosinophilic Granuloma ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Tumor Like Lesions ◽  
Age Range

Background: The clinical and imaging presentations of primary tumors and tumor-like lesions in the clavicle are not clear. Objectives: To investigate the clinical and imaging presentations of primary tumors and tumor-like lesions in the clavicle for better diagnosis. Patients and Methods: Patients with clavicular diseases between 1963 and 2018 confirmed by pathology who had plain radiography, computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging were enrolled. The age, sex, imaging data, radiological signs and location of the tumor at the clavicle of patients were analyzed and compared. Results: Eighty-one patients with clavicular diseases were identified including 49 males and 32 females with an age range of 2 - 76 years (mean, 42.6). There were malignant tumors in 50 cases (61.7%), intermediate in 12 (14.8%), and benign in 19 cases (23.5%). Malignant tumors included metastatic tumors in 31 cases (38.3%), plasma-cell myeloma in ten (12.3%), and osteosarcoma in four (4.9%). The intermediate bone tumors were mainly eosinophilic granuloma in six cases (7.4%), and aneurysmal bone cyst in three (3.7%). Benign tumors were mainly osteochondroma (6.2%), bone cyst (3.7%), and chondroma (3.7%). Malignant tumors had bone destruction, periosteal reaction, ill-defined margins and soft tissue masses. Benign tumors and tumor-like lesions had well-defined margins. Conclusion: Many tumors may occur at the clavicle with more malignant than benign tumors with no specific imaging features in most lesions. A lesion near the sternal end with atypical benign imaging features should be considered as malignant.

Epidemiology of coronary abnormalities of discharge and branching and their clinical significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
E. F. Abbasov ◽  
S. S. Manafov ◽  
F. Z. Abdullayev ◽  
F. E. Abbasov ◽  
A. G. Akhundova
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Coronary Anomalies ◽  
Coronary Artery Anomalies ◽  
Coronary Abnormalities ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Living Person

Purpose.Until the mid-20th century they could be discovered only during autopsy, it means after death. With the introduction of coronary angiography it become possible to find them in a living person. Later on, new modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhanced futher our abilities. It is very important to discover coronary anomalies in a living person, because some of them could lead to sudden cardiac death (SCD). In fact, coronary artery anomalies are the second main cause of the SCD in young athletes. Another importance is driven by the fact, that some of them could lead to lifethreatening complications during cardiac surgery when unknown before the operation.Methods.We prospectively reviewed all coronary angiography films from 2011 to 2016 in our center. Coronary anomalies were reviewed and classified by two independent experienced operators. Patients with congenital heart disease and coronary fistulas were excluded.Results.Out of 5055 patients 148 (2.9%) had coronary artery anomalies of origin and distribution. Those were 120 men (81.1%) and 28 women (18.9%) with an age range between 29 to 88 years. The three most common anomalies were myocardial bridge (48.7%), separate origin of the conus branch (13.5%) and separate origin of the LAD and LCX (8.1%).Conclusion.In our study we found more or less the same types and incidence rates of coronary artery anomalies as in the world literature. We had apparently higher rates of myocardial bridges, compared to average number on angiography studies, but very close to authopsy study rates.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Uncommon Hepatic Mesenchymal Tumours: Haemangioendothelioma and Angiosarcoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-368
Author(s):  
Andrzej Cieszanowski ◽  
Agnieszka Anysz-Grodzicka ◽  
Joanna Podgorska ◽  
Beata Jagielska ◽  
Jakub Pałucki
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Hepatobiliary Phase ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Liver Tumours ◽  
Aged Woman ◽  
High Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumours

<P>Background: Primary Hepatic Epithelioid Haemangioendothelioma (HEHE) and Primary Hepatic Angiosarcoma (PHA) are rare mesenchymal tumours with different malignant potential. Whereas HEHE demonstrates low to intermediate malignant potential, PHA is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. The knowledge of typical imaging features of these lesions may facilitate correct diagnosis; however, the ultimate diagnosis of HEHE and PHA is based on histopathologic examination. </P><P> Discussion: The most typical findings helpful in diagnosing HEHE are: Presence of multiple, confluent nodules located at the liver periphery (in young to middle-aged woman), retraction of the liver capsule, marked hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, “target-sign” appearance, progressive centripetal contrast enhancement, and relatively high Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values. More than &#8805;50% of nodules are hyper- or isointense on Hepatobiliary Phase (HBP) images. Conclusion: The imaging features suggestive of PHA are: Occurrence of metastases (lungs, spleen) at the time of diagnosis, presence of a large dominant mass with smaller satellites, heterogeneity and areas of haemorrhage in a dominant mass, progressive contrast enhancement, slightly elevated ADC values as compared to other malignant liver tumours.</P>

scholarly journals Congenital Craniofacial Plexiform Neurofibroma in Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Antonella Cacchione ◽  
Alessia Carboni ◽  
Mariachiara Lodi ◽  
Rita De Vito ◽  
Andrea Carai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Plexiform Neurofibroma ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Radiological Methods

We present a case demonstrating the performance of different radiographical imaging modalities in the diagnostic work-up of a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and plexiform neurofibroma (PN). The newborn boy showed an expansive-infiltrative cervical and facial mass presented with macrocrania, craniofacial disfigurement, exophthalmos and glaucoma. A computer tomography (CT) and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. The CT was fundamental to evaluate the bone dysmorphisms and the MRI was crucial to estimate the mass extension. The biopsy of the lesion confirmed the suspicion of PN, thus allowing the diagnosis of NF1. PN is a variant of neurofibromas, a peripheral nerves sheath tumor typically associated with NF1. Even through currently available improved detection techniques, NF1 diagnosis at birth remains a challenge due to a lack of pathognomonic signs; therefore congenital PN are recognized in 20% of cases. This case highlights the importance of using different radiological methods both for the correct diagnosis and the follow-up of the patient with PN. Thanks to MRI evaluation, it was possible to identify earlier the progressive increasing size of the PN and the possible life threatening evolution in order to perform a tracheostomy to avoid airways compression.

Diagnostic value of susceptibility-weighted imaging for endometrioma: preliminary results from a retrospective analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110224
Author(s):  
Hong Chen ◽  
Guoliang Wang ◽  
Xuexue Wang ◽  
Yan Gao ◽  
Junhua Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyst Wall ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Susceptibility Weighted Imaging ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Age Range

Background Endometrioma is a common manifestation of endometriosis that can be difficult to diagnose with conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) may be more sensitive than conventional MRI in the detection of chronic, local hemorrhagic disease. Purpose To investigate whether signal voids in SWI sequences could be used in the preoperative diagnosis of endometrioma. Material and Methods This retrospective study included consecutive female patients with clinically suspected endometrioma. All patients underwent pelvic 3-T MRI (T1- and T2-weighted) and SWI within two weeks before laparoscopy. Two experienced radiologists blinded to the histopathologic/clinical diagnoses interpreted the images together, and any disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results The final analysis included 73 patients: 46 patients (mean age=37 years; age range=22–68 years) with 85 endometrioma lesions and 27 patients (mean age=34 years; age range=15–68 years) with 34 non-endometrioid cystic lesions (18 hemorrhagic corpus luteal cysts, three simple cysts, three mucinous cystadenomas, two mature teratomas, and one endometrioid cyst with corpus luteum rupture/hemorrhage). The presenting symptoms for patients with endometrioma were chronic pelvic pain (44.6%), dysmenorrhea (31.9%), infertility (12.8%), dyspareunia (6.4%), and menstrual irregularity (4.3%). MRI identified all 119 lesions observed laparoscopically. SWI visualized punctate or curvilinear signal voids along the cyst wall or within the lesion in 67 of 85 endometriomas (78.8%) and only 3 of 31 non-endometrioid cysts (8.8%). Conclusion The use of SWI to look for signal voids in the cyst wall or within the lesion could facilitate the preoperative diagnosis of endometrioma.

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