scholarly journals Outcomes of 23-Gauge Vitrectomy Combined with Phacoemulsification, Panretinal Photocoagulation, and Trabeculectomy without Use of Anti-VEGF Agents for Neovascular Glaucoma with Vitreous Hemorrhage

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hua Yan
Keyword(s):  
Vitreous Hemorrhage ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Panretinal Photocoagulation ◽  
Light Perception ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
The Mean ◽  
23 Gauge ◽  
One Year ◽  
Time Point

Purpose. To evaluate the outcomes of 23-gauge vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification, PRP and trabeculectomy without use of anti-VEGF-agents for NVG. Methods. Eighteen eyes of 18 patients with NVG underwent 23-gauge vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification, PRP and trabeculectomy without use of anti-VEGF agents. The preoperative BCVA ranged from light perception to 0.2. The preoperative IOP ranged from 38 mmHg to 64 mmHg with a mean of 54±8 mmHg. The average follow-up time was 14.5±3 months with a range from 11 to 24 months. Results. The postoperative VA increased in 14 eyes and was stable in 4 eyes at the final follow-up. The mean IOP was 12±3 mmHg at postoperative day 1. The mean IOP was 15±2 mmHg, 16±3 mmHg, 23±5 mmHg, 28±4 mmHg, 22±5 mmHg, 17±3 mmHg, and 19±4 mmHg at postoperative days 2 and 3, 1, 2, 3, and 12 weeks, and 1 year postoperatively, respectively, with a range from 10 to 30 mmHg at the final follow-up time point of one year. The IOP was significantly lower than the preoperative one 12 weeks postoperatively (p<0.05). Conclusion. 23-gauge vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification, PRP, and trabeculectomy without use of anti-VEGF-agents is a safe and effective method in treating NVG.

scholarly journals Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Review of the Literature

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1137
Author(s):  
Irini Chatziralli ◽  
Anat Loewenstein
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Vitreous Hemorrhage ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Panretinal Photocoagulation ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Keywords Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
The Impact

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population. The purpose of this review is to gather the existing literature regarding the use of the approved anti-vascular endothelial growth (anti-VEGF) agents in the treatment of DR. Methods: A comprehensive literature review in PubMed engine search was performed for articles written in English language up to 1 July 2021, using the keywords “diabetic retinopathy”, “ranibizumab”, “aflibercept”, and “anti-VEGF”. Emphasis was given on pivotal trials and recent robust studies. Results: Intravitreal anti-VEGF agents have been found to significantly improve visual acuity and reduce retinal thickness in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) in a long-term follow-up ranging from 1 to 5 years and are considered the standard-of-care in such patients. Regarding DR, intravitreal anti-VEGF agents provided ≥2-step improvement in DR severity on color fundus photography in about 30–35% of patients with NPDR at baseline, in the majority of clinical trials originally designed to evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal anti-VEGF agents in patients with DME. Protocol S and CLARITY study have firstly reported that intravitreal anti-VEGF agents are non-inferior to panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in patients with proliferative DR (PDR). However, the use of new imaging modalities, such as optical coherence tomography-angiography and wide-field fluorescein angiography, reveals conflicting results about the impact of anti-VEGF agents on the regression of retinal non-perfusion in patients with DR. Furthermore, one should consider the high “loss to follow-up” rate and its devastating consequences especially in patients with PDR, when deciding to treat the latter with intravitreal anti-VEGF agents alone compared to PRP. In patients with PDR, combination of treatment of intravitreal anti-VEGF agents and PRP has been also supported. Moreover, in the specific case of vitreous hemorrhage or tractional retinal detachment as complications of PDR, intravitreal anti-VEGF agents have been found to be beneficial as an adjunct to pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), most commonly given 3–7 days before PPV, offering reduction in the recurrence of vitreous hemorrhage. Conclusions: There is no general consensus regarding the use of intravitreal anti-VEGF agents in patients with DR. Although anti-VEGF agents are the gold standard in the treatment of DME and seem to improve DR severity, challenges in their use exist and should be taken into account in the decision of treatment, based on an individualized approach.

scholarly journals Triple Procedure for Dense Cataractous Neovascular Glaucoma Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hossam M. Moharram ◽  
Shaaban Abd-Elhamid Mehany Elwan ◽  
Mahmoud M. Nassar ◽  
Mohamed F. Abdelkader
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Panretinal Photocoagulation ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Triple Procedure ◽  
Distant Visual Acuity ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Series Study

Purpose. One of the most difficult refractory glaucomas is the neovascular type (NVG), and its association with dense cataract adds to this difficulty. This study aimed to provide results of the triple surgical procedure for such conditions. Methods. 12 eyes of 12 patients with NVG and dense cataract were included in this case series study. The mean age of patients was 57.25 ± 5.9 years. The mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was 47.25 ± 4.04 mmHg with maximum antiglaucoma therapy. The mean best corrected distant visual acuity (BCDVA) in LogMAR was 2.13 ± 0.38. All patients received intravitreal injection of 1.25 mg (0.05 ml) bevacizumab followed by phacoemulsification, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) including panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC). Mean IOP and BCDVA changes were the main outcome results of this study. Results. The follow-up period was 2 years. The mean BCDVA was improved to 1.22 ± 0.35, 1.13 ± 0.34, 1.12 ± 0.37, 1.06 ± 0.38, and 1.01 ± 0.37 at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively, after this procedure. This improvement was statistically significant when compared with preoperative BCDVA (P<0.0001). The mean postoperative IOP was dropped to 20.08 ± 4.1, 17.08 ± 2.1, 17.17 ± 5, 15.75 ± 4.7, and 16.17 ± 6.1 mmHg, respectively. At the last follow-up, the mean IOP was statistically significantly lower than preoperative IOP (P<0.0001) at the previously mentioned time points. The success rate was complete in 90.9% of eyes and qualified in 100% of eyes. Iris and angle neovascularization had regressed significantly in all patients, and no serious complications occurred during the follow-up period. Conclusions. This triple surgery can safely improve patients with NVG and dense cataract regarding BCDVA and IOP control. This trial is registered with NCT04143620.

scholarly journals What is the impact of intravitreal injection of conbercept on neovascular glaucoma patients: a prospective, interventional case series study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liukun Shi ◽  
Jin Yang ◽  
Jinyong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Intravitreal Injection ◽  
Aqueous Humour ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Panretinal Photocoagulation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal conbercept combined with trabeculectomy and panretinal photocoagulation for neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Methods Fifty patients (54 eyes) with NVG were included in this prospective study. Fifty-two eyes initially underwent intravitreal conbercept (0.5mg/0.05ml), and then trabeculectomy and panretinal photocoagulation were performed. Preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), number of antiglaucoma medications, and surgical complications were recorded. The levels of VEGF-A, TGF-β1 and PLGF in aqueous humour that were collected during surgery were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the surgically excised trabecular tissue; enucleation was performed for 2 eyes, and light microscopy was used as the histopathological control. Results The follow-up period after trabeculectomy was 1 year. Of the 52 eyes, 39 eyes completed the 1-year follow-up and 13 eyes were lost to follow up. Recurrence of iris neovascularization was observed in 5 eyes, 9 eyes had hyphema, 16 eyes had filter bled scarring, no eye had complication attributable to the drug. The mean IOP was reduced from 48.1±14.2 mmHg to 23.2±8.7 mmHg, and the mean number of antiglaucoma medications used decreased from 3.0 (3.0, 4.0) to 1.0 (0.0, 1.0) at 1 year (both P < 0.05). The complete success rate was 76.9%, 76.9%, 71.0%, 51.6%, 32.3% at 1week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12months when the cut off of IOP was 18mmHg. After patients underwent intravitreal injection, the concentrations of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 in aqueous humour in NVG patients decreased from 168.8±13.4 pg/ml and 159.6±15.4 pg/ml to 160.2±7.6 pg/ml and 151.9±2.3 pg/ml, respectively (both P < 0.05). Light microscopy revealed neovascularization regression in the iris in specimens with intravitreal conbercept. Electron microscopy revealed trabecular endothelial cells degeneration in the conbercept-treated specimens. Conclusions Our initial findings suggest that intravitreal conbercept is an effective treatment for managing neovascular glaucoma, with fewer postoperative complications in the short-term. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR1800019918, 8 December 2018, Retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Combined vitrectomy, near-confluent endolaser, bevacizumab and cyclophotocoagulation for neovascular glaucoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Strzalkowski ◽  
A. Strzalkowska ◽  
W. Göbel ◽  
T. Ach ◽  
N.A. Loewen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Intravitreal Bevacizumab ◽  
Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Panretinal Photocoagulation ◽  
One Year

AbstractPurposeEvaluated the safety and efficacy of an integrative surgical approach to neovascular glaucoma (NVG).MethodsConsecutive interventional case series of NVG with one-year follow-up. Eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy, near-confluent panretinal photocoagulation, intravitreal bevacizumab, and transscleral cyclophotocoagulation. Phakic eyes underwent concomitant cataract surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA, logMAR), intraocular pressure (IOP, mmHg), glaucoma medication score (GMS), visual analog pain scale (VAPS, 0-10) were recorded at baseline, and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Blind eyes were excluded.Results83 eyes of 83 patients (53 male, 30 female, mean age 74.6±11.6 years) were included and 53 completed a one-year follow-up. NVG underlying conditions included retinal vein occlusion (n=41), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n=25), central retinal artery occlusion (n=10), and ocular ischemic syndrome (n=6). Mean IOP decreased postoperatively from 46.0±10.3 mmHg to 14.2±8.9 mmHg (p<0.001), GMS from 4.8 to 1.8 (p<0.001) and VAPS from 6 to 0. BCVA was unchanged. All postoperative complications had resolved at 1 month postop. 26 eyes did not require additional surgical treatment during follow-up.ConclusionsA single, comprehensive surgery session was able to significantly lower IOP, reduce GMS and control pain.

scholarly journals Visual outcome of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Injections at the University College Hospital, Ibadan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tunji Sunday Oluleye ◽  
Yewande Olubunmi Babalola ◽  
Oluwole Majekodunmi ◽  
Modupe Ijaduola ◽  
Adeyemi Timothy Adewole
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Number Of Injections

AbstractAimTo evaluate the four-year outcome of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy in an eye unit in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodologyThis retrospective study included 182 eyes of 172 patients managed in the vitreoretinal unit between 2016 and 2019 who were treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF Bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 ml) with at least one year of follow up. The outcome measures were change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over one year of follow-up, the number of injections taken and complications.ResultsThe mean age was 61.1 ± 16.3 years (M: F of 1:1.1) and about 62.1% were > 60 years. A total of 330 injections were given during the period audited. The mean number of injections was 1.8 ± 0.93. Ninety-four (51.7%) eyes had only one injection while 33 (18.1%), 50 (27.5%) and 5 (2.7%) had 2, 3 and 4 injections, respectively. About 78.5% had moderate-severe visual impairment at baseline and 44.5%, 16.4%,12.6% and 7.1% at 1, 3, 6- and 12-months post injections, respectively. The mean BCVA improved for all eyes from 1.67 ±0.91 logMAR at baseline to 1.50±1.27 logMAR at one year. The logMAR letters gained was 23 at 1 month and 8.25 at 1 year with a statistically significant association between increasing number of injections and improved visual outcome (p= 0.015). One patient each developed endophthalmitis (0.6%) and inferior retinal detachment (0.6%) post-injection.ConclusionVisual acuity gain was recorded in patients who had at least two intravitreal Anti-VEGF injections in 1 year.

scholarly journals Surgical outcomes of minimally invasive vitrectomy surgery in Eales’ disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
S Khanduja ◽  
S Gupta ◽  
S Sinha ◽  
Pradeep Venkatesh ◽  
R Vohra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Vitreous Hemorrhage ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Retinal Breaks ◽  
Eales Disease ◽  
23 Gauge ◽  
One Year

Introduction: The results of surgical outcomes of 20 gauge pars plana vitrectomy in Eales’ disease are available in the scientific literature. However, all these studies have been done using the 20 gauge vitrectomy systems and most studies have been conducted in a retrospective manner. Objective: To evaluate the outcomes and safety of 23 gauge vitrectomy in complications of Eales’ disease. Materials and methods: Study design: Consecutive interventional case series. Participants: Seventy-six eyes of 72 nonconsecutive patients undergoing 23-gauge vitrectomy for complications of Eales’ disease were enrolled. The participants were followed up for a minimum of one year. Intervention: The participants underwent a complete demographic, medical and ophthalmic evaluation. A 23-gauge vitrectomy was performed. Endotamponade was used when necessary. Perioperative and postoperative events were recorded. Primary outcome measures were visual acuity and complications arising due to surgery. Results: Indication for surgery was non-clearing vitreous hemorrhage in 89.4% (68/76) and secondary retinal detachment in 10.6% (8). Visual acuity improved from Log Mar 1.80 ± 0.19 units preoperatively to Log Mar 0.47±0.59. Best-corrected visual acuity equivalent to Snellen 6/9 was achieved in 77. 6% of eyes. . Surgical failure was seen in 6.5% cases. Four cases were lost due to progression to neovascular glaucoma and 1 case was lost to severe residual retinal detachment. Iatrogenic portside retinal breaks occurred in 3.9% (3), post-vitrectomy retinal detachment 2.6% ( 2), hypotony 1.3% (1) and cataract in 38.1% (28) cases. Conclusion: 23-gauge sutureless vitrectomy in patients with Eales’ disease is a safe and effective technique with acceptable level of risk and complications. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2013; 5(10): 182-189 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v5i2.8710

scholarly journals Clinical Efficacy and Safety of the EX-PRESS Filtration Device in Patients with Advanced Neovascular Glaucoma and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Hanna ◽  
Beatrice Tiosano ◽  
Shmuel Graffi ◽  
Dan Gaton
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Light Perception ◽  
Filtration Surgery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Filtration Device

Background: The prognosis of conventional filtration surgery in eyes with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is limited due to increased fibrovascular proliferation or bleeding. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the EX-PRESS filtration device in the management of NVG associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods: In this retrospective case series, we reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed as having NVG associated with PDR who underwent EX-PRESS filtration surgery. The main outcome measures were: postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), the percent of IOP drop, the number of glaucoma medications, visual acuity, and complications of surgery. Successful surgery was defined as an IOP <22 mm Hg and >5 mm Hg with or without additional glaucoma surgery, and no loss of light perception or less than a 2-line decrease on the Snellen chart of the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Results: Five patients (5 eyes) were included in this study. The mean preoperative IOP was 33.4 ± 5.9 mm Hg compared to an IOP of 17.0 ± 3.0 mm Hg at the last follow-up (p = 0.003). The mean number of preoperative anti-glaucoma medications was 3.8 ± 0.4 compared to 2.2 ± 1.5 (p = 0.06) at the last follow-up visit. Final visual acuity improved or stabilized within 1 Snellen line in all 5 patients. Three patients had a “hypertensive phase” (defined as an IOP >21 mm Hg during the first 6 postoperative months) which resolved within 2 months. Two patients developed a hyphema that resolved spontaneously. None of the patients experienced any serious complications. Conclusion: EX-PRESS filtration device has a good IOP-lowering effect and a low rate of complications in patients with advanced NVG associated with PDR. In addition, there was no loss of light perception or no line decrease of the BCVA.

scholarly journals What is the impact of intravitreal injection of conbercept on neovascular glaucoma patients: a prospective, interventional case series study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liukun Shi ◽  
Jin Yang ◽  
Jinyong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Intravitreal Injection ◽  
Aqueous Humour ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Panretinal Photocoagulation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal conbercept combined with trabeculectomy and panretinal photocoagulation for neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Methods Fifty patients (54 eyes) with NVG were included in this prospective study. Fifty-two eyes initially underwent intravitreal conbercept (0.5 mg/0.05 ml) treatment followed by trabeculectomy and panretinal photocoagulation. Preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), the number of antiglaucoma medications, and surgical complications were recorded. The levels of VEGF-A, TGF-β1 and PLGF in aqueous humour samples collected during surgery were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the surgically excised trabecular tissue; enucleation was performed in 2 eyes, and light microscopy was used as the histopathological control. Results The follow-up period after trabeculectomy was 1 year. Of the 52 eyes, 39 completed 1 year of follow-up, and 13 were lost to follow-up. Recurrence of iris neovascularization was observed in 5 eyes, 9 had hyphema, 16 had filter-bled scarring, and no eye had complications attributable to the drug. The mean IOP was reduced from 48.1±14.2 to 23.2±8.7 mmHg, and the mean number of antiglaucoma medications used decreased from 3.0 (3.0, 4.0) to 1.0 (0.0, 1.0) after 1 year (both P < 0.05). The complete success rate was 76.9%, 76.9%, 71.0%, 51.6%, and 32.3% at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months, respectively, when the cut-off IOP was 18 mmHg. After patients underwent intravitreal injection, the concentrations of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 in the aqueous humour in NVG patients decreased from 168.8±13.4 and 159.6±15.4 pg/ml to 160.2±7.6 and 151.9±2.3 pg/ml, respectively (both P < 0.05). Light microscopy revealed neovascularization regression in the iris in specimens treated with intravitreal conbercept. Electron microscopy revealed trabecular endothelial cell degeneration in the conbercept-treated specimens. Conclusions Our initial findings suggest that intravitreal conbercept is an effective treatment for managing NVG that has fewer short-term postoperative complications. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR1800019918, 8 December 2018, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Massive Silicone Oil Migration into the Subconjunctival Space: A Leakage Mechanism Dilemma

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Téllez ◽  
José I. Vela ◽  
Sabina Luna ◽  
Rubén Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Vitreous Hemorrhage ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Glaucoma Drainage Device ◽  
Panretinal Photocoagulation ◽  
Oil Migration ◽  
Subconjunctival Space ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
23 Gauge ◽  
Valve Implantation

Purpose: To report a case in which an early, massive silicone oil migration into the subconjunctival space occurred in a patient after sutureless vitrectomy with the presence of a previously implanted pars plana glaucoma drainage device. Case Report: An 80-year-old man presented with neovascular glaucoma secondary to a proliferative diabetic retinopathy in his left eye. After an intracamerular bevacizumab injection and panretinal photocoagulation, a 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with a superotemporal Ahmed pars plana glaucoma valve implantation was performed. Afterwards, the patient underwent a new 23-gauge PPV for a dense vitreous hemorrhage. Intravitreal 1,000 centistokes silicone oil was placed to prevent recurrent intraocular bleeding. No sutures were performed. In the first postoperative month, a massive migration of silicone oil into the 360° subconjunctival space was noted until no intraocular silicone oil was observed. Conclusions: We discuss the possible leakage mechanisms in this particular case.

Anti-VEGF for Management of Neovascularization of Iris and Neovascular Glaucoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Tian Xia ◽  
Marco A. Zarbin ◽  
Neelakshi Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Vitreous Hemorrhage ◽  
Corneal Edema ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Panretinal Photocoagulation ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Purpose: To study the treatment effect of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections on eyes with iris neovascularization (NVI). Methods: Retrospective study of patients who underwent intravitreal anti-VEGF for the treatment of NVI at the Rutgers-Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences between January 1, 2007 and March 30, 2017. Results: Twenty-eight eyes (mean age, 63 ± 13 years old, 12 [43%] males) were identified. All patients had NVI, and 23 patients had concurrent neovascular glaucoma. The etiology of anterior segment ischemia was proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 20 eyes (71%), central retinal vein occlusion in 7 eyes (25%), and branch retinal vein occlusion in 1 eye (4%). Corneal edema in 25 eyes (89%), hyphema in 11 (39%), visually significant cataract in 25 (86%), and vitreous hemorrhage in 15 (54%) precluded an adequate view to the fundus to perform panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). All patients initially received anti-VEGF therapy; PRP was provided in some eyes ( n = 7) with persistent NVI if the view to the fundus improved. On average, 1.66 (median, 1; standard deviation [SD], 1.64) anti-VEGF injections were performed before complete NVI regression was achieved. Complete regression of rubeosis iridis took an average of 42 (median, 40; SD, 48) days from the first injection. Ten eyes (36%) had recurrence of rubeosis at 198 (median, 126; SD, 165) days after complete regression of NVI. Conclusions: NVI regression was noted in all eyes. Anti-VEGF may be a good supplement for initial NVI management in eyes when PRP cannot be initiated.

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