scholarly journals Endothelium-Dependent Vasorelaxant Effects of Dealcoholized Wine Powder of Wild Grape (Vitis coignetiae) in the Rat Thoracic Aorta

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Keun Ha ◽  
Ho-Young Park ◽  
Mee-Ra Ryu ◽  
Yoonsook Kim ◽  
Yongkon Park
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Histamine Receptor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Wild Grape ◽  
Rat Thoracic Aorta

The vasorelaxant effects of dealcoholized wild grape (Vitis coignetiae) wine were investigated with isolated rat thoracic aorta. In our present study, we demonstrate that wild grape wine powder (WGWP) induced relaxation of aortic rings preconstricted with norepinephrine in a dose-dependent manner (at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1 mg/mL). The vasorelaxant effect of WGWP was dependent on intact endothelia, which was attenuated by incubation with inhibitors of endothelium-derived relaxing factors, such asNG-nitro-L-arginine (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), methylene blue (guanylate cyclase inhibitor), and indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor). Moreover, treatment with WGWP and atropine (muscarinic receptor antagonist) or diphenylhydramine (histamine receptor antagonist) significantly inhibited endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Our results suggest that WGWP induces relaxation in rat aortic rings in an endothelium-dependent manner. Results further indicate that this effect occurs via nitric oxide-cGMP pathway and prostacyclin-cAMP pathway through a muscarinic receptor and histamine receptor.

scholarly journals Extracellular ATP inhibits transport in medullary thick ascending limbs: role of P2X receptors

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (5) ◽  
pp. F1168-F1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo B. Silva ◽  
Jeffrey L. Garvin
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
P2x Receptors ◽  
Extracellular Atp ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor

Absorption of NaCl by the thick ascending limb (TAL) involves active transport and therefore depends on oxidative phosphorylation. Extracellular ATP has pleiotropic effects, including both stimulation and inhibition of transport and inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. However, it is unclear whether ATP alters TAL transport and how this occurs. We hypothesized that ATP inhibits TAL Na absorption by reducing Na entry. We measured oxygen consumption in TAL suspensions. ATP reduced oxygen consumption in a concentration-dependent manner. The purinergic (P2) receptor antagonist suramin (300 μM) blocked the effect of ATP on TAL oxygen consumption (147 ± 15 vs. 146 ± 16 nmol O2·min−1·mg protein−1). In contrast, the adenosine receptor antagonist theophylline did not block the effect of ATP on oxygen consumption. When Na-K-2Cl cotransport and Na/H exchange were blocked with furosemide (100 μM) plus dimethyl amiloride (100 μM), ATP did not inhibit TAL oxygen consumption (from 78 ± 13 to 98 ± 5 nmol O2·min−1·mg protein−1). The Na ionophore nystatin (200 U/ml) increased TAL oxygen consumption to a similar extent in both ATP- and vehicle-treated samples (368 ± 41 vs. 397 ± 47 nmol O2·min−1·mg protein−1). The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (3 mM) blocked the ATP effects on TAL oxygen consumption (157 ± 10 vs. 165 ± 15 nmol O2·min−1·mg protein−1). The P2X-selective receptor antagonist NF023 blocked the effect of ATP on oxygen consumption, whereas the P2X-selective agonist β-γ-Me-ATP reduced oxygen consumption in a concentration-dependent manner. We conclude that ATP inhibits Na transport-related oxygen consumption in TALs by reducing Na entry and P2X receptors and nitric oxide mediate this effect.

scholarly journals Endothelium-Dependent Vasorelaxant Effect of Butanolic Fraction fromCaryocar brasilienseCamb. Leaves in Rat Thoracic Aorta

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lais Moraes de Oliveira ◽  
Aline Gabriela Rodrigues ◽  
Elaine Fernanda da Silva ◽  
Letícia Bonancio Cerqueira ◽  
Carlos Henrique Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Vascular Effect ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Caryocar brasilienseCamb. “pequi” is a native plant from the Cerrado region of Brazil that contains bioactive components reported to be antioxidant agents. Previous work has demonstrated that dietary supplementation with pequi decreased the arterial pressure of volunteer athletes. We found that the crude hydroalcoholic extract (CHE) ofC. brasilienseleaves relaxed, in a concentration-dependent manner, rat aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine, and that the butanolic fraction (BF) produced an effect similar to that of the CHE. Aortic relaxation induced by BF was abolished by endothelium removal, by incubation of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME, or the soluble guanylatecyclase inhibitor ODQ. However, incubation with atropine and pyrilamine had no effect on the BF-induced vasorelaxation. Moreover, this effect was not inhibited by indomethacin and tetraethylammonium. The concentration-response curve to calcium in denuded-endothelium rings was not modified after incubation with BF, and the vasorelaxation by BF in endothelium-intact rings precontracted with KCl was abolished after incubation with L-NAME. In addition, administration of BF in anesthetized rats resulted in a reversible hypotension. The results reveal thatC. brasiliensepossesses both in vivo and in vitro activities and that the vascular effect of BF involves stimulation of the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway.

Dipyridamole Potentiates the Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasomotion in Isolated Human Small Arteries

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Pedrinelli
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Adenosine Receptor ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Muscarinic Agonist ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Adenosine Receptor Agonist ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor

Background To investigate the effects of dipyridamole, a drug with phosphodiesterase-, adenosine reuptake-inhibiting, and prostacyclin-stimulating activity on the biological actions of nitric oxide, 30 norepinephrine-precontracted subcutaneous arterioles were prepared from specimens removed during surgery. Methods and Results Specimens were mounted on a myograph and relaxed through either acetylcholine, a muscarinic agonist that stimulates endothelial nitric oxide production, or sodium nitroprusside, an endothelium-independent vasodilator. Studies were performed under control conditions and after dipyridamole which potentiated in a concentration-dependent manner the vasorelaxation induced both by acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, indicating an endothelium-independent mechanism of action. The contribution of nitric oxide to the relaxation produced by acetylcholine was confirmed by N-monomethyl-L-arginine, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. In contrast, indomethacin, a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, was ineffective, indicating that prostacyclin stimulation could not explain the effect of dipyridamole. CGS 21680 C, an A2-selective adenosine receptor agonist insensitive to tissue deaminase, did not influence the relaxations induced by acetylcholine, suggesting that interference with adenosine metabolism was not implicated in the potentiating action of dipyridamole. Conclusion Dipyridamole potentiated the vasorelaxing effect of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside in human subcutaneous arterioles; neither prostacyclin stimulation nor A2 adenosine receptor stimulation could explain this effect. The data are consistent with an increase in intracellular cyclic 3’ 5'-guanosine monophosphate levels secondary to the phosphodiesterase-inhibiting properties of the drug.

Vasorelaxant effect of trans‐4‐chloro‐β‐nitrostyrene, a synthetic nitroderivative, in rat thoracic aorta

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hellida Larissa Sousa‐Brito ◽  
Loeste Arruda‐Barbosa ◽  
Alfredo Augusto Vasconcelos‐Silva ◽  
Karoline Gonzaga‐Costa ◽  
Gloria Pinto Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Rat Thoracic Aorta

Androgen-receptor defect abolishes sex differences in nitric oxide and reactivity to vasopressin in rat aorta

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 2602-2610 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Stallone ◽  
Ronald L. Salisbury ◽  
Clifford T. Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Maximal Response ◽  
Maximal Contraction ◽  
Rat Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Recessive Defect

Contractions of rat thoracic aorta to vasopressin (VP) are threefold higher in females (F) than in males (M), primarily because nitric oxide (NO) attenuation of contraction is greater in M. To determine the role of the androgen receptor (AR) in this mechanism, vascular reactivity to VP was examined in thoracic aorta of the testicular-feminized male (Tfm) rat, which has an X-linked, recessive defect in AR function in affected M. Maximal contraction of normal aortas to VP was fourfold higher in F (4,128 ± 291 mg/mg ring wt) than in M (971 ± 133 mg); maximal response of Tfm (3,967 ± 253 mg) was similar to that of normal F. N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester increased maximal response to VP threefold in M but had no effect in F or Tfm. In contrast, maximal contraction of normal aortas to phenylephrine was 43% higher in M (4,011 ± 179 mg) than in F (2,809 ± 78 mg); maximal response of Tfm (2,716 ± 126 mg) was similar to that of normal F. N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester increased maximal response to phenylephrine by >50% in F and Tfm but had no effect in M. Maximal contractile response to 80 mM KCl did not differ among M, F, or Tfm. Thus androgens and normal vascular AR function are important in the greater NO-mediated attenuation of reactivity to VP in M than in F rat aorta, which may involve specific modulation of endothelial VP signal transduction pathways and NO release by androgens. These data also establish the importance of the Tfm rat as a model to study the effects of androgens on cardiovascular function.

Angiotensin II decreases inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in rat astroglial cultures

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (3) ◽  
pp. C700-C707 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Chandler ◽  
K. Kopnisky ◽  
E. Richards ◽  
F. T. Crews ◽  
C. Sumners
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Maximal Response ◽  
No Production ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Subsequent Formation ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Consistent with stimulation of expression of an inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), exposure of rat astroglial cultures to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused a time-dependent increase in the accumulation of nitrite in the culture media. Addition of the peptide angiotensin II (ANG II) with LPS decreased subsequent formation of nitrite in a concentration-dependent manner (concentration inhibiting 50% of maximal response approximately 1 nM). The ANG II effect could be blocked by the ANG II type 1 (AT1 receptor antagonist losartan but not by the ANG II type 2 (AT2) receptor antagonist PD-123177. ANG II had no effect on nitrite formation stimulated by a combination of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma). A brief 10-min exposure to ANG II was sufficient to cause an approximately 30% inhibition of the LPS response, with maximal inhibition of approximately 65% after 3 h, and occurred only when ANG II was added during the iNOS induction phase. Consistent with partial inhibition of LPS-stimulated expression of iNOS, ANG II reduced the levels of both iNOS mRNA and iNOS protein. These results demonstrate that ANG II can decrease LPS-stimulated NO production in astroglia by inhibiting induction of iNOS expression.

scholarly journals Superoxide Anion From the Adventitia of the Rat Thoracic Aorta Inactivates Nitric Oxide

1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 810-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Di Wang ◽  
Patrick J. Pagano ◽  
Yue Du ◽  
Antonio J. Cayatte ◽  
Mark T. Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Rat Thoracic Aorta
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