scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: What Polyphenols Can Do for Us?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarique Hussain ◽  
Bie Tan ◽  
Yulong Yin ◽  
Francois Blachier ◽  
Myrlene C. B. Tossou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Oxidative stress is viewed as an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their elimination by protective mechanisms, which can lead to chronic inflammation. Oxidative stress can activate a variety of transcription factors, which lead to the differential expression of some genes involved in inflammatory pathways. The inflammation triggered by oxidative stress is the cause of many chronic diseases. Polyphenols have been proposed to be useful as adjuvant therapy for their potential anti-inflammatory effect, associated with antioxidant activity, and inhibition of enzymes involved in the production of eicosanoids. This review aims at exploring the properties of polyphenols in anti-inflammation and oxidation and the mechanisms of polyphenols inhibiting molecular signaling pathways which are activated by oxidative stress, as well as the possible roles of polyphenols in inflammation-mediated chronic disorders. Such data can be helpful for the development of future antioxidant therapeutics and new anti-inflammatory drugs.

scholarly journals Effects of Aqueous Dispersions of C60, C70 and Gd@C82 Fullerenes on Genes Involved in Oxidative Stress and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 6130
Author(s):  
Elena V. Proskurnina ◽  
Ivan V. Mikheev ◽  
Ekaterina A. Savinova ◽  
Elizaveta S. Ershova ◽  
Natalia N. Veiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Aqueous Dispersions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Fullerenes and metallofullerenes can be considered promising nanopharmaceuticals themselves and as a basis for chemical modification. As reactive oxygen species homeostasis plays a vital role in cells, the study of their effect on genes involved in oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory responses are of particular importance. Methods: Human fetal lung fibroblasts were incubated with aqueous dispersions of C60, C70, and Gd@C82 in concentrations of 5 nM and 1.5 µM for 1, 3, 24, and 72 h. Cell viability, intracellular ROS, NOX4, NFκB, PRAR-γ, NRF2, heme oxygenase 1, and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 expression have been studied. Results & conclusion: The aqueous dispersions of C60, C70, and Gd@C82 fullerenes are active participants in reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Low and high concentrations of aqueous fullerene dispersions (AFD) have similar effects. C70 was the most inert substance, C60 was the most active substance. All AFDs have both “prooxidant” and “antioxidant” effects but with a different balance. Gd@C82 was a substance with more pronounced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, while C70 had more pronounced “prooxidant” properties.

Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and fenofibrate

Biopolymers ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kładna ◽  
Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein ◽  
Irena Kruk ◽  
Krzysztof Lichszteld ◽  
Teresa Michalska
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, MicroRNA, and Hemoglobin Variations after Administration of Oxygen at Different Pressures and Concentrations: A Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9755
Author(s):  
Gerardo Bosco ◽  
Matteo Paganini ◽  
Tommaso Antonio Giacon ◽  
Alberto Oppio ◽  
Alessandra Vezzoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Neopterin Concentration ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Reduced State

Exercise generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), creating a redox imbalance towards oxidation when inadequately intense. Normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) breathed while not exercising induces antioxidant enzymes expression, but literature is still poor. Twenty-two athletes were assigned to five groups: controls; 30%, or 50% O2; 100% O2 (HBO) at 1.5 or 2.5 atmosphere absolute (ATA). Twenty treatments were administered on non-training days. Biological samples were collected at T0 (baseline), T1 (end of treatments), and T2 (1 month after) to assess ROS, antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation, redox (amino-thiols) and inflammatory (IL-6, 10, TNF-α) status, renal function (i.e., neopterin), miRNA, and hemoglobin. At T1, O2 mixtures and HBO induced an increase of ROS, lipid peroxidation and decreased TAC, counterbalanced at T2. Furthermore, 50% O2 and HBO treatments determined a reduced state in T2. Neopterin concentration increased at T1 breathing 50% O2 and HBO at 2.5 ATA. The results suggest that 50% O2 treatment determined a reduced state in T2; HBO at 1.5 and 2.5 ATA similarly induced protective mechanisms against ROS, despite the latter could expose the body to higher ROS levels and neopterin concentrations. HBO resulted in increased Hb levels and contributed to immunomodulation by regulating interleukin and miRNA expression.

scholarly journals A Detailed Insight of the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Curcumin with the Assessment of Parameters, Sources of ROS and Associated Mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranay Wal ◽  
Nikita Saraswat ◽  
Rashmi Saxena Pal ◽  
Ankita Wal ◽  
Madhvi Chaubey
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Molecular Formula ◽  
Severe Toxicity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Curcumin is an active constituent of Curcuma longa, which belongs to Zingiberaceae family. It is derived from the Rhizome of a perennial plant having molecular formula C21H20O6 and chemically it is (1, 7- bis (4- hydroxy - 3 methoxyphenyl) -1, 6 - heptadine - 3, 5 - diene), also known as diferuloylmethane. Curcumin has been extensively used as a herbal constituent for curing several diseases and is scientifically proven to show major effects as an anti-inflammatory agent. Objective: Inflammation is an important factor for numerous diseases including diabetes neuropathy, cancer, asthma, arthritis, and other diseases. Prophylaxis of inflammatory diseases through synthetic medications tends to have major toxicity and side effects on a large number of population. The foremost aim of this review paper is to assess the natural anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin, source, and mechanism of action, potential therapeutic effect and models associated. Additionally, this paper aims to scrutinize inflammation, sources of reactive oxygen species, and pathways of reactive oxygen species generation and potential side effects of curcumin. Methods: Selection of data has been done by studying the combination of research and review papers from different databases like PubMed, Medline and Web of science from the year 1985- 2018 by using search keywords like “curcumin”, “anti-inflammatory”, “ROS”, “Curcuma longa”, “medicinal uses of curcumin”, “assessing parameters”, “inflammation”, “anti-oxidant” Results: On the basis of our interpretation, we have concluded that curcumin has potential therapeutic effects in different inflammatory diseases, it inhibits the inflammatory mediators, oxidation processes, and oxidative stress and has no severe toxicity on animals and humans. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is a major cause of inflammation and curcumin has a good potential for blocking it. Curcumin is also easily accessible herbal source and should be consumed in the form of food, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agents and further observation should be done on its therapeutic parameters, risk factors, and toxicity studies and oral viability.

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