Low Energy Gamma Radiation Induced Effects on Ultrasonic Velocity and Acoustic Parameters in Polyvinylidene Fluoride Solution

The modification of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer properties with irradiation is of interest as it possesses unique piezo-, pyro-, and ferroelectric properties. In this paper, we report the results of acoustic parameters of irradiated PVDF mixed with dimethylacetamide (DMAC) solution with low energy γ-source (Cs-137). The polymer solution covered with mica film assures only γ-ray passage and the duration was increased from 18 to 50 hours to achieve the higher dose rate. The dose rate was estimated using the strength of the radioactive source and the duration of the exposure. The ultrasonic velocity (v), density (ρ), and viscosity (η) of 0.2 wt% and 0.5 wt% PVDF dissolved in pure DMAC solution, irradiated with different dose rate were measured using ultrasonic interferometer (Mittal make), Pyknometer, and Oswald’s viscometer, respectively. It is observed that the values of v, ρ, and η change with dose rate. The acoustic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), intermolecular free path length (Lf), acoustic impedance (Z), relative association (RA), ultrasonic attenuation (α/f2), and relaxation time (τ) are calculated using the experimental data. These results are interpreted in terms of the solute-solvent interaction in a polymer solution and scissoring chain damage.

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Effect of Solvents on the Ultrasonic Velocity and Acoustic Parameters of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Solutions

Indian Journal of Materials Science ◽

10.1155/2016/9582582 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. S. Kulkarni ◽

U. V. Khadke

Keyword(s):

Ultrasonic Velocity ◽

Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽

Ultrasonic Attenuation ◽

Adiabatic Compressibility ◽

Free Path Length ◽

Solvent Mixtures ◽

Acoustic Parameters ◽

Effect Of Solvents ◽

Molecular Behavior ◽

Ostwald Viscometer

Ultrasonic studies provide a wealth of information in understanding the molecular behavior and intermolecular interaction of polymer solvent mixtures. Attempts were made to measure ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity for the mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in acetone and dimethylformamide (DMF) of various stoichiometric ratios at 300 K using crystal controlled ultrasonic interferometer (Mittal make), pyknometer (specific gravity bottle), and Ostwald viscometer, respectively. The acoustic parameters adiabatic compressibility (β), intermolecular free path length (Lf), acoustic impedance (Z), relative association (RA), ultrasonic attenuation (α/f2), and relaxation time (τ) have been estimated using experimental data with well-known techniques. The variation of these acoustic parameters is explained in terms of solute-solvent molecular interaction in a polymer solution.

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Acoustic parameter investigation of polyvinyl acetate with acetic acid using ultrasonic technique

Journal of Polymer Engineering ◽

10.1515/polyeng-2013-0125 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (9) ◽

pp. 851-856 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Baljinder Kaur ◽

Kailash C. Juglan

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Ultrasonic Velocity ◽

Polyvinyl Acetate ◽

Ultrasonic Attenuation ◽

Adiabatic Compressibility ◽

Acoustic Parameter ◽

Solvent Interaction ◽

Wada’S Constant ◽

Rao’S Constant ◽

Solvent Molecules

Abstract Density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity of polyvinyl acetate with acetic acid have been measured at a temperature of 299K for different concentrations. Density and viscosity have been measured for a binary liquid mixture with a specific gravity bottle and a viscometer. Ultrasonic velocity has been measured using a single crystal interferometer at a frequency of 2 MHz. Ultrasonic velocities for the binary mixture at 1 MHz and 2 MHz was compared by taking some values from the literature. The sound velocity (V), density (ρ) and viscosity (η) were used to calculate the parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), acoustic impedance (Z), intermolecular free length (Lf), ultrasonic attenuation (α/f2) and relaxation time (τ). The variations of experimentally obtained parameters indicate the presence of molecular interaction between the molecules of the mixture. The ultrasonic velocity increased with an increase in concentration. Solute-solvent interaction is further confirmed by viscosity values, which increased with increasing concentration suggesting more association between solute and solvent molecules. The linear variations in Rao’s constant and Wada’s constant suggest the absence of complex formation.

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Acoustical Investigation of N–(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-3-Substituted Pyridine -2- Amine Schiff bases by Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements in Dioxane at Different Temperatures

IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2455-4499) ◽

10.21013/jas.v4.n1.p15 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mrunal M. Mahajan ◽

Pravin B. Raghuwanshi

Keyword(s):

Schiff Bases ◽

Ultrasonic Velocity ◽

Adiabatic Compressibility ◽

Water Molecules ◽

Water Medium ◽

Velocity Measurements ◽

Acoustic Parameters ◽

Intermolecular Free Length ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Solvent Molecules

<div>The present work deals with the study of acoustic parameters like ultrasonic velocity (V), adiabatic compressibility (βs), apparent molar volume (fv) and intermolecular free length (Lf) by ultrasonic interferometric measurements which reflects structural interaction of water molecules and organic solvent molecules with substituted Schiff bases. The study of N–(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-3-substituted pyridine -2- amine Schiff bases were carried in different percentage of 1,4-dioxane-water medium, at 293, 297 and 300 K. The densities and velocities thus obtained were used to evaluate acoustic parameters for all the ligands.</div>

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Molecular interactions in solutions of poly vinyl alcohol : an ultrasonic study

International Journal of Advanced Chemistry ◽

10.14419/ijac.v4i2.6333 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Vigneswari ◽

S. S Saravanakumar ◽

V. N Suresh ◽

S Sankarrajan

Keyword(s):

Ultrasonic Velocity ◽

Molecular Interactions ◽

Molecular Interaction ◽

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Ultrasonic Attenuation ◽

Adiabatic Compressibility ◽

Ternary Mixtures ◽

Hydroxyl Group ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Acoustical Parameters

Ultrasonic velocity, density, viscosity have been measured experimentally in the binary and ternary mixtures of Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA), water and borax with various concentration at 301.32 K. As the acoustical parameters like adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, relaxation time, acoustic impedance, surface tension, Rao’s and Wada’s constant, ultrasonic attenuation and free volume would be more useful to predict and confirm the molecular interaction, these have been determined by using ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity of the prepared solution. It has been identified that the molecular interactions in binary mixture were stronger than that of in ternary mixtures. And also there is a strong solute – solvent interaction occurring in both binary and ternary solutions. This may be due to the greater possibility of hydrogen bonding between PVA and Water molecules. When the borax is added, the molecular interaction is getting weaker due to greater affinity of borate ion towards the hydrogen in hydroxyl group of PVA.

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Density, Viscosity and Ultrasonic Velocity of Polyethylene Glycol

Journal of Mountain Research ◽

10.51220/jmr.v16i2.10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Richa Saxena ◽

SC Bhatt ◽

Manish Uniyal ◽

S C Nautiyal

Keyword(s):

Relaxation Time ◽

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

Polymer Solution ◽

Ultrasonic Velocity ◽

Acoustic Impedance ◽

Adiabatic Compressibility ◽

Acoustical Parameters ◽

Free Length ◽

Intermolecular Free Length ◽

Ultrasonic Interferometer

Ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity of polyethylene glycol have been measured for the solution in water at concentration range of 0.3% to 1% at temperature 50oC. Ultrasonic velocity has been measured using ultrasonic interferometer at 1MHz frequency. By using the values of ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity, various acoustical parameters like adiabatic compressibility, acoustic impedance, intermolecular free length, and relaxation time have been calculated. The change in these acoustical parameters is explained in terms of solutesolvent interaction in a polymer solution.

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Experimental Investigations on Ultrasonic Velocity and Behavior of Thermodynamic Parameters of Four Members of nO.m Series

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.181-182.43 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 181-182 ◽

pp. 43-46

Author(s):

D. Madhavi Latha ◽

V.G.K.M. Pisipati ◽

M. Ramakrishna Nanachara Rao ◽

P.V. Datta Prasad

Keyword(s):

Sound Velocity ◽

Ultrasonic Velocity ◽

Adiabatic Compressibility ◽

Experimental Investigations ◽

Velocity Measurements ◽

Acoustic Parameters ◽

Free Length ◽

Smectic A ◽

And Behavior ◽

Available Volume

Ultrasonic velocity measurements are carried out on fournOmcompounds viz., N-(p-n-methoxy and ethoxy benzylidene)-p-n-dodecyl and tetradecyl anilines, 1O.12, 1O.14, 2O.12 and 2O.14. The first three compounds exhibit mono variant nematic phase while the last compound exhibits nematic and smectic-A phases with variable thermal ranges. The temperature dependence of sound velocity, U shows minima at the isotropic-nematic and nematic-smectic-A transitions. In conjunction with the density data of these compounds, the thermo acoustic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (βad), the molar sound velocity (Rao’s number) (Rn), molar compressibility (W), molecular free length (Lf) and available volume (Va) are estimated. In addition the intermolecular free length (Lf) is estimated in three different ways employing density and ultrasonic velocity data. The results are compared with the data available in literature of other compounds.

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