Acoustic, thermal and optical properties of organic based disodium tartrate salt

In this work, acoustic, thermal, and optical properties were tested on the different concentrations of the Disodium Tartrate solutions. First, the viscosity studies were analyzed for the Disodium tartrate in the concentration range from 2% to 20% with different temperatures 303K, 308K, 313K, and 318K. It was noted that the relative viscosity and the activation energy of the prepared compound increase with increases in concentration and decreases with temperature increases. The properties like density and ultrasonic velocity are varied when increases the concentration of the aqueous solutions of Disodium Tartrate. In this study, the values of adiabatic compressibility show an inverse behavior when compared with ultrasonic velocity due to the interaction between solute and solvent molecules. Also observed that the inter-molecular free length is maximum for a lower percentage. The free volume for the compound is maximum at 2% and a minimum of 20%, since it reduces when the internal pressure increases. It was revealed that the classical absorption coefficient and relaxation time for Disodium Tartrate is minimum for lower percentage and minimum for a higher percentage. The interactions between the solute and solvent are confirmed through the property like specific Acoustical impedance. It was noted that the increase in internal pressure increases the concentration of the compound. The ion-solvent interaction was discussed by the relative association study, thus the values of relative association increases with an increase in concentration. The Rao’s and Wada’s constant increases linearly in aqueous solutions of Disodium Tartrate for the entire system.

Study of Molecular Interaction in Aqueous KCl at Different Temperatures

Ultrasonic velocity, density, viscosity, and electrical conductivity have been measured for an aqueous solution of KCl at different concentrations and temperatures, the frequency is maintained at a constant value. Using the above experimental data, parameters such as Rao's constant, Wada's constant, solvation number, and surface tension were calculated and the molecular interactions between molecules of KCl and water at different temperatures was studied. Using Walden's plot, the ionicity of the solution was also studied.

Ultrasonic studies on temperature dependence of ion solvent interactions of ionic liquid 1-butyl-2,3- dimethylimidazolium chloride in aqueous solutions of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide at T = (298.15 to 313.15) K

The densities (ρ), and ultrasonic velocities (u) of 1-Butyl-2, 3-dimethylimmidazolium chloride,[bdmim]Cl in aqueous solutions of Tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide over the complete range of concentrations has been calculated at different temperatures T= (298.15 to 313)K. Experimentally obtained values of ρ and u were used to calculate the parameters like acoustic impedance (Z), isentropic compressibility (βS), molar sound velocity (Rao’s constant) (R), molar compressibility (Wada’s constant)(W), intermolecular free length (Lf), co-efficient of thermal expansion (α), heat capacity ratio (γ), isothermal compressibility (βT) and nonlinearity parameters (B/A). The final results obtained were analyzed to understand the ion-solvent and ion-ion interaction so taking place in the solutions. Further, the effect of temperature on the ion solvent interactions was discussed. Ion-solvent interactions are affected by the thermo acoustical properties and by nonlinear parameters.

Ultrasonic study of molecular interactions in binary mixtures of methyl methacrylate(MMA) with toluene and dimethylacetamide at 318 K

<p>The ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity at 318K have been measured in the binary systems of Methyl methacrylate + Toluene and Methyl methacrylate + Dimethylacetamide. In this work an attempt has been made for the first time to investigate the behavior of binary solutions of Methylmethacrylate(MMA) in Toluene and Dimethylacetamide(DMAC) with regard to acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility(β), intermolecular free length(l_f), free volume(V_f), Rao’s constant(R), Wada’s constant(W) and specific acoustical impedance(Z) from ultrasonic measurements at 318 K were calculated. The results are interpreted in terms of molecular interaction between the components of mixtures.</p>

Acustical Studies of Interactions in the Binary Mixtures of Ethylmethyl Ketone (EMK) and N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) through Ultrasonic Measurements at Different Temperatures

Ultrasonic velocities (u), densities (ρ) and viscosities (η) are measured in respect of ethylmethylketone (EMK) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) over the entire composition at 298, 308and 318K. Attempt have been made to extract the information with respect to various kind of intermolecular interactions, such as H-bonding, dipole-dipole, solute –solvent, dispersion type interactions existing between these two components from the following acoustical parameter when examined as a function of solvent composition at different temperatures: adiabatic compressibility (β), specific acoustic impedance (Z), intermolecular free length (Lf), molar sound velocity (Rm), wada’s constant (W), viscous relaxation time (τ), free volume and internal pressure (πi).

Acoustical Studies of Binary Liquid Mixtures of p-Chlorotoluene in Benzene at Different Temperatures

Ultrasonic velocities (U), densities (ρ), and coefficient of viscosities (η) are measured for binary mixtures containing (i) p-chlorotoluene and (ii) benzene at 303.15 K, 308.15 K, 313.15 K and 318.15 K to understand the molecular interaction. Various acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (βad), free length (Lf), acoustic impedance (Z), free volume (Vf), molar volume (Vm), Rao’s constant (R), Wada’s constant (W) and internal pressure (πi), are calculated from the measured values of U, ρ, and η. The trend in acoustical parameters also substantiates to asses strong molecular interactions.

Macroscopic Expressions of Molecular Adiabatic Compressibility of Methyl and Ethyl Caprate under High Pressure and High Temperature

The molecular compressibility, which is a macroscopic quantity to reveal the microcompressibility by additivity of molecular constitutions, is considered as a fixed value for specific organic liquids. In this study, we introduced two calculated expressions of molecular adiabatic compressibility to demonstrate its pressure and temperature dependency. The first one was developed from Wada’s constant expression based on experimental data of density and sound velocity. Secondly, by introducing the 2D fitting expressions and their partial derivative of pressure and temperature, molecular compressibility dependency was analyzed further, and a 3D fitting expression was obtained from the calculated data of the first one. The third was derived with introducing the pressure and temperature correction factors based on analogy to Lennard-Jones potential function and energy equipartition theorem. In wide range of temperatures(293<T/K<393)and pressures(0.1<P/MPa<210), which represent the typical values used in dynamic injection process for diesel engines, the calculated results consistency of three formulas demonstrated their effectiveness with the maximum 0.5384% OARD; meanwhile, the dependency on pressure and temperature of molecular compressibility was certified.

Acoustic parameter investigation of polyvinyl acetate with acetic acid using ultrasonic technique

Density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity of polyvinyl acetate with acetic acid have been measured at a temperature of 299K for different concentrations. Density and viscosity have been measured for a binary liquid mixture with a specific gravity bottle and a viscometer. Ultrasonic velocity has been measured using a single crystal interferometer at a frequency of 2 MHz. Ultrasonic velocities for the binary mixture at 1 MHz and 2 MHz was compared by taking some values from the literature. The sound velocity (V), density (ρ) and viscosity (η) were used to calculate the parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), acoustic impedance (Z), intermolecular free length (Lf), ultrasonic attenuation (α/f2) and relaxation time (τ). The variations of experimentally obtained parameters indicate the presence of molecular interaction between the molecules of the mixture. The ultrasonic velocity increased with an increase in concentration. Solute-solvent interaction is further confirmed by viscosity values, which increased with increasing concentration suggesting more association between solute and solvent molecules. The linear variations in Rao’s constant and Wada’s constant suggest the absence of complex formation.

Ultrasonic Study of Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures at 303 K

The ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity at 303 K have been measured in the binary systems of 1,4-dioxane and acetone with water. From the experimental data, various acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), intermolecular free length (Lf), free volume (Vf), internal pressure (πi), Rao’s constant (R), Wada’s constant (W) and specific acoustical impedance (Z) were calculated. The results are interpreted in terms of molecular interaction between the components of the mixtures.