scholarly journals Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Qatar: A Hospital-Based Study from 2009 to 2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmi Yousef Khan ◽  
Mohammed Abu-Khattab ◽  
Eman Abdulrahman Almaslamani ◽  
Abubaker Ahmed Hassan ◽  
Shehab Fareed Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
Common Medical Condition ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Common ◽  
Underlying Diseases

Background and Objectives. Bacterial meningitis is a common medical condition in Qatar. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of bacterial meningitis, the frequency of each pathogen, and its sensitivity to antibiotics and risk factors for death.Patients and Methods. This retrospective study was conducted at Hamad General Hospital between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013.Results. We identified 117 episodes of acute bacterial meningitis in 110 patients. Their mean age was26.4±22.3years (range: 2–74) and 81 (69.2%) of them were male patients. Fifty-nine episodes (50.4%) were community-acquired infection and fever was the most frequent symptom (94%), whereas neurosurgery is the most common underlying condition. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common causative agent, of which 95% were oxacillin-resistant, while 63.3% ofAcinetobacterspp. showed resistance to meropenem. The in-hospital mortality was 14 (12%). Only the presence of underlying diseases, hypotension, and inappropriate treatment were found to be independent predictors of mortality.Conclusion. Acute bacterial meningitis predominantly affected adults and coagulase-negative staphylococci species were the common causative agent in Qatar with majority of infections occurring nosocomially. More than 90% of all implicated coagulase-negative staphylococci strains were oxacillin-resistant.

Management of meningitis and encephalitis in the critically ill

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Nadel ◽  
Johnny Canlas
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Supportive Treatment ◽  
Intensive Care Setting ◽  
Vaccine Research ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common

Management of CNS infections requires specific antimicrobial agents, as well as specific supportive treatment targeted at reducing raised intracranial pressure and other life-threatening complications. It is important that the need for management in an intensive care setting is considered early in the illness. Antibiotic resistance amongst the most common organisms causing bacterial meningitis is becoming more common and antibiotic therapy should be adjusted accordingly. Anti-inflammatory treatment such as steroids should be started as soon as possible in patients with proven acute bacterial meningitis. Optimally, this should be before or with the first dose of antibiotics. Vaccine research is progressing so that effective vaccines should be available in the future against all the common causes of bacterial meningitis and encephalitis, including Neisseria meningitidis serogroup b.

RELAPSE FOLLOWING AMPICILLIN TREATMENT OF ACUTE HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE MENINGITIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 516-518
Author(s):  
Lily M. Young ◽  
James E. Haddow ◽  
Jerome O. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Orbital Cellulitis ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Parenteral Treatment ◽  
Careful Observation ◽  
Hemophilus Influenzae ◽  
The Common

A case of meningitis due to Hemophilus influenzae in a 6-month-old child treated with ampicillin is presented. The child had a recurrence of bacteremia with orbital cellulitis 3 days after the conclusion of 14 days of parenteral treatment with 200 mg per kilogram per day. Although a substantial amount of clinical experience has already been presented as to the value of ampicillin in acute bacterial meningitis due to the common agents, careful observation of each patient for signs of lingering infection is still necessary. This case represents a failure of ampicillin to eradicate H. influenzae infection.

scholarly journals 16 Variability in lumbar punctures and neuroimaging in infants less than 90 days with acute bacterial meningitis at a provincial children’s hospital in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. e6-e6
Author(s):  
Stephanie Bourne ◽  
Briar Findlay ◽  
Thomas McLaughlin ◽  
Mia Remington
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Anonymized Data ◽  
The Common

Abstract Background Bacterial meningitis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants, necessitating appropriate and timely investigations and treatment. Despite this, there are no current Canadian practice guidelines outlining the recommended management of infants with bacterial meningitis beyond empiric antimicrobial choice. As bacterial meningitis remains one of the most severe infectious diseases managed by general pediatricians, it warrants an attempt at practice standardization. Objectives The purpose of this study is to review and identify variation in the timing and frequency of lumbar punctures (LPs) and the use of neuroimaging for the management of bacterial meningitis for infants less than 90 days of age at BC Children’s & Women’s Hospital (BCCWH). Design/Methods A retrospective chart review at BCCWH identified confirmed, presumed or possible bacterial meningitis in infants less than 90 days of age over a five-year period (2013-2018). Anonymized data was collected from medical charts, de-identified and stored in REDCap. Results Eighty-one patients were included. Fifty-three percent of all patients had a delay in receiving an initial LP. The most common reasons for delays were that the patient was too unstable (42%) or that the first LP attempt was unsuccessful (26%). Forty-six percent of all patients had only one LP while 36% had at least one repeat LP. Most repeat LPs were done within 7 days of diagnosis. Twenty-nine percent of patients had an end of treatment LPs. Of all patients, 80% had neuroimaging. Head ultrasound (US) was the most commonly used imaging modality for both first image (68%) and subsequent images (64%). Seventeen percent of patients received a CT scan and 15% an MRI as their first image. In most cases, there was no clear clinical indication for imaging noted other than a diagnosis of meningitis (44%). Conclusion This retrospective study confirms that there is variability in the management of bacterial meningitis with respect to lumbar punctures and neuroimaging in young infants. The findings demonstrate LPs are commonly delayed, and suggest a need to develop clearly defined criteria for evaluating instability before an initial LP. Furthermore, the findings raise concern regarding the common practice of ordering head ultrasound for meningitis, given lower sensitivity in detecting disease complications and therefore disputed clinical utility.

scholarly journals A putative role for homocysteine in the pathophysiology of acute bacterial meningitis in children

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roney Santos Coimbra ◽  
Bruno Frederico Aguilar Calegare ◽  
Talitah Michel Sanchez Candiani ◽  
Vânia D’Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Putative Role ◽  
Meningitis In Children

ACUTE BACTERIAL MENINGITIS IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 742-747
Author(s):  
Robert J. Haggerty ◽  
Mohsen Ziai
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
Multiple Drugs

A controlled study of the treatment of bacterial meningitis with single and multiple, potentially antagonistic antimicrobial drugs was undertaken. Sixty-five patients received a single and 71 received several drugs in combination. The two groups were generally comparable. There was no significant difference in the results: that is antagonism could not be demonstrated in this clinical study. It seems reasonable to recommend that, in patients over 1 month of age with acute primary bacterial meningitis in whom an etiologic agent cannot be promptly identified, the use of multiple drugs aimed at the three most likely organisms (pneumococcus, meningococcus, H. influenzae) can be employed without danger of clinically apparent antagonism.

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