scholarly journals Changes in Cortical Activation Patterns in Language Areas following an Aerobic Exercise Intervention in Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Nocera ◽  
Bruce Crosson ◽  
Kevin Mammino ◽  
Keith M. McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Spin Group ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Semantic Verbal Fluency ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Fluency Task

Previous work has shown that older adults who evidence increased right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activity during language tasks show decreased sematic verbal fluency performance. The current study sought to evaluate if an aerobic exercise intervention can alter patterns of brain activity during a semantic verbal fluency task assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Thirty-two community-dwelling, sedentary older adults were enrolled to a 12-week aerobic “Spin” exercise group or a 12-week nonaerobic exercise control condition (Balance). Thirty participants completed their assigned intervention (16 Spin; 14 Balance) with pre- and postintervention assessments of a semantic verbal fluency task during fMRI and estimated VO2max testing. There was a significant increase in the change scores for estimated VO2max of the Spin group when compared to the Balance group. Semantic verbal fluency output within the scanner was also improved in the Spin group as compared to controls at postassessment. Group fMRI comparisons of IFG activity showed lower activity in the right IFG following the intervention in the aerobic Spin group when compared to the Balance group. Regression analysis of imaging data with change in both estimated VO2max and semantic verbal fluency was negatively correlated with activity in right IFG. The current work is registered as clinical trial with NCT01787292 and NCT02787655.

Spin Exercise Improves Semantic Fluency in Previously Sedentary Older Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe R. Nocera ◽  
Keith M. McGregor ◽  
Chris J. Hass ◽  
Bruce Crosson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
The Impact

Studies suggest improvements of neurocognitive function among older adults who undergo aerobic exercise training. This study sought to examine the impact of an aerobic exercise intervention on verbal fluency in sedentary older adults. Twenty community-dwelling older adults were recruited and enrolled in either a spin exercise group or a control condition. Participants were evaluated with an estimated V02max test and on measures of letter, category, and switching verbal fluency both before and after a 12-week intervention period. Spin exercise resulted in a significant improvement in category (semantic) verbal fluency when compared with the control group (15% vs. 2% increase, respectively; P = .001). Spin exercise also resulted in a significant improvement in estimated V02max (P = .005). Also important, the spin exercise group demonstrated a high level of adherence (mean adherence = 82.5%). Spin exercise can be an effective mode of aerobic exercise to improve semantic fluency in previously sedentary older adults.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Attention in Post-Lexical Processes of Utterance Production: Dual-Task Cost in Younger and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110341
Author(s):  
Maryll Fournet ◽  
Michaela Pernon ◽  
Sabina Catalano Chiuvé ◽  
Ursula Lopez ◽  
Marina Laganaro
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Verbal Task ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Speech Task ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Dual Task Cost ◽  
Lexical Processes ◽  
Fluency Task

There is a general agreement that speaking requires attention at least for conceptual and lexical processes of utterance production. However, conflicting results have been obtained with dual-task paradigms using either repetition tasks or more generally tasks involving limited loading of lexical selection. This study aimed to investigate whether post-lexical processes recruit attentional resources. We used a new dual-task paradigm in a set of experiments where a continuous verbal production task involved either high or low demand on lexical selection processes. Experiment 1 evaluates lexical and post-lexical processes with a semantic verbal fluency task, whereas experiments 2 and 3 focus on post-lexical processes with a non-propositional speech task. In each experiment, two types of non-verbal secondary tasks were used: processing speed (simple manual reaction times) or inhibition (Go/No-go). In Experiment 1, a dual-task cost was observed on the semantic verbal fluency task and each non-verbal task. In Experiment 2, a dual-task cost appeared on the non-verbal tasks but not on the speech task. The same paradigm was used with older adults (Experiment 3), as increased effort in post-lexical processes has been associated with ageing. For older adults, a dual-task cost was also observed on the non-propositional verbal task when speech was produced with the inhibition non-verbal task. The results suggest an attentional cost on post-lexical processes and strategic effects in the resolution of the dual-task.

Temporal Analysis of the Semantic Verbal Fluency Task in Persons with Subjective and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicklas Linz ◽  
Kristina Lundholm Fors ◽  
Hali Lindsay ◽  
Marie Eckerström ◽  
Jan Alexandersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Semantic Verbal Fluency ◽  
Fluency Task

Disrupted Brain Activation and Deactivation Pattern during Semantic Verbal Fluency Task in Patients with Major Depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Takamura ◽  
Yasumasa Okamoto ◽  
Go Okada ◽  
Shigeru Toki ◽  
Tetsuya Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Semantic Verbal Fluency ◽  
Fluency Task

scholarly journals Physiological stress in safer cycling in older age (SiFAr-stress): effect of a multicomponent exercise intervention—a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Britting ◽  
Robert Kob ◽  
Cornel Christian Sieber ◽  
Nicolas Rohleder ◽  
Ellen Freiberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Control Intervention ◽  
T1 And T2

Abstract Background SiFAr-Stress investigates the impact of cycling on stress levels in older adults. Uncertainty due to change to motorized bicycle or fear of falling can be perceived as stressors for cyclists. Stress activates different physiological signal cascades and stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which leads to the release of the stress hormone cortisol and further effects such as the development of low-grade inflammation. Both can—in the long term—be associated with negative health outcomes. The aim of the study SiFAr-Stress is to analyze inflammatory processes as well as the activity of stress systems before and after a cycling intervention for older adults. Methods In this study, community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older will be randomly assigned to either a cycling or a control intervention in a parallel-group design. Objective HPA axis–related measures (saliva cortisol and hair cortisol) will be assessed before, after, and 6–9 months after the cycling and control intervention (T0, T1, and T2). Furthermore, changes in cortisol reactivity in response to the cycling intervention will be investigated at the second and seventh training lessons. Furthermore, secondary outcomes (fear of falling, perceived stress, salivary alpha amylase, and C-reactive protein) will be assessed at T0, T1, and T2. Discussion The study will be the first, in which stress- and health-related bio-physiological outcomes will be assessed in the context of a multicomponent exercise intervention, addressing cycling in older adults. It will enable us to better understand the underlying patho-physiological and psychological mechanisms and will help to improve interventions for this target group. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT04362514. Prospectively registered on 27 April 2020

scholarly journals Fully Automatic Speech-Based Analysis of the Semantic Verbal Fluency Task

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra König ◽  
Nicklas Linz ◽  
Johannes Tröger ◽  
Maria Wolters ◽  
Jan Alexandersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Area Under Curve ◽  
Semantic Category ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Semantic Verbal Fluency ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Fully Automatic ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Fluency Task

Background: Semantic verbal fluency (SVF) tests are routinely used in screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In this task, participants name as many items as possible of a semantic category under a time constraint. Clinicians measure task performance manually by summing the number of correct words and errors. More fine-grained variables add valuable information to clinical assessment, but are time-consuming. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate whether automatic analysis of the SVF could provide these as accurate as manual and thus, support qualitative screening of neurocognitive impairment. Methods: SVF data were collected from 95 older people with MCI (n = 47), Alzheimer’s or related dementias (ADRD; n = 24), and healthy controls (HC; n = 24). All data were annotated manually and automatically with clusters and switches. The obtained metrics were validated using a classifier to distinguish HC, MCI, and ADRD. Results: Automatically extracted clusters and switches were highly correlated (r = 0.9) with manually established values, and performed as well on the classification task separating HC from persons with ADRD (area under curve [AUC] = 0.939) and MCI (AUC = 0.758). Conclusion: The results show that it is possible to automate fine-grained analyses of SVF data for the assessment of cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Heritability of semantic verbal fluency task using time-interval analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0217814 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Taporoski ◽  
N. E. Duarte ◽  
S. Pompéia ◽  
A. Sterr ◽  
L. M. Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interval Analysis ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Semantic Verbal Fluency ◽  
Fluency Task

Verbal Fluency in Schizophrenia: Reduction in Semantic Store

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Y.L. Chen ◽  
Eric Y.H. Chen ◽  
Charlotte K.Y. Chan ◽  
Linda C.W. Lam ◽  
Felice Lieh-Mak
Keyword(s):  
Patient Group ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Unresolved Issue ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Semantic Verbal Fluency ◽  
Food Animal ◽  
Fluency Task

Objective: This is a study of the word production of patients with schizophrenia using a semantic verbal fluency task to address the unresolved issue of retrieval or storage impairment. Method: Twenty-one patients with schizophrenia and 11 matched healthy subjects performed a semantic verbal fluency task on ‘food’, ‘animal’ and ‘transport’ categories in Cantonese for 3 minutes each on five separate trials. Results: Patients generated significantly fewer numbers of words compared with control on each trial. The estimated lexicon size of the patients was significantly smaller than that of the equivalent group. The amount of shared words and variable words generated in all five trials were reduced in the patient group. Conclusions: Our results suggest that poor verbal fluency in patients with schizophrenia may partly be attributable to reduction in semantic store. The importance of temporal lobe involvement on verbal fluency deficits needs to be emphasised as an integral part of the neurobiological basis of schizophrenia research.

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