scholarly journals Semiautomatic Volumetry of Low Attenuation of Thoracic Aortic Plaques on Curved Planar Reformations Using MDCT Angiographic Data with 0.5 mm Collimation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Mizutani ◽  
Izumi Torimoto ◽  
Zenjiro Sekikawa ◽  
Toshiaki Nishii ◽  
Takashi Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Plaque Volume ◽  
Coronary Arterial Disease ◽  
Severe Atherosclerosis ◽  
Aortic Plaques ◽  
Noncalcified Plaque ◽  
The Impact

To evaluate the relationship of aortic low attenuation plaque volume (LAPV) on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) with the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), the coronary arterial disease (CAD, ≥50% stenosis), severe (≥90% stenosis) CAD, hypertension, and long-term (≥10 years) hypertension. Curved planar reformations (CPR) of three segments (the ascending, the arch, and the upper descending aorta) of the thoracic aorta were generated with attenuation-dependent color codes to measure LAPV with 0~29 HU and total noncalcified plaque volume (TNPV) with 0~150 HU in 95 patients. Correlation coefficients were employed to assess the impact of each LAPV and TNPV on AAA, CAD, severe CAD, hypertension, and long-term hypertension. Each Mean LAPV/cm and TNPV/cm was statistically greater in the aortic arch than the ascending (p<0.001 on each) or the proximal descending segment (p<0.001 on each). LAPV in the aortic arch has moderate correlations with AAA, severe CAD, and long-term hypertension (r=0.643, 0.639, 0.662, resp.). Plaque volumes in each aortic segment can be measured clinically and the increasing LAPV in the arch may be a significant factor associated with the development of severe atherosclerosis underlying AAA, severe CAD, and long-term hypertension.

scholarly journals Aortic and Internal Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Carotid Stenosis: Semiautomatic Volumetric Analysis of Low-Attenuation Plaque on Curved Planar Reformations Using MDCT Angiographic Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Manaka ◽  
Izumi Torimoto ◽  
Zenjiro Sekikawa ◽  
Keiichiro Kasama ◽  
Tetsuya Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Plaque Volume ◽  
Angiographic Data ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ica Stenosis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

This retrospective study included 65 patients who underwent multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) carotid angiography; 28 patients were <70 years old (group 1), and 37 were ≥70 years old (group 2). Each low-attenuation (<30 Hounsfield units [HU]) plaque volume (LPV) and total uncalcified plaque volume ([TUPV] ≤150 HU) were semiautomatically measured on each aortic arch and internal carotid artery (ICA) curved planar reformations (CPR), using MDCT angiographic data. Correlation coefficients were employed to assess the impact of each plaque volume on various factors including ICA stenosis. The correlations (r > 0.5) were observed between aortic LPV and each ICA stenosis ratio and >30% stenosis in group 1, between aortic TUPV and male gender in group 1, and between ICA-TUPV and each aortic TUPV or the largest plaque thickness in group 2. Marginal correlations were observed between hyperlipidemia and aortic LPV and ICA-TUPV in group 1. There was no association between cerebral infarction and the aortic and ICA plaques. Both the aortic arch and ICA plaque volumes can be measured clinically. The increasing aortic LPV may be a significant factor associated with the development of ICA stenosis in patients younger than 70 years old.

scholarly journals Does Glutamine Concentration Depends on the Type of the Operation?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Rozowicz ◽  
Krzysztof Kusza ◽  
Marlena Jakubczyk ◽  
Piotr Kośliński ◽  
Paulina Szatkowska-Wandas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Glutamine Concentration ◽  
Coronary Arterial Disease ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Impact

Glutamine is the main amino acid which is substrate for gluconeogenesis in postoperative period. It is suggested that this leads to a substantial and a long-term decline in glutamine concentration. Glutamine is a source of energy for the synthesis of nucleotides, lymphocytes and cells of gastrointestinal tract. In this study, 79 patients were qualified to a coronary artery bypass surgery (Group I) or a surgery in the large intestine area (Group II). The objectives of this study were: evaluation of the impact of surgical procedures on the serum concentration of glutamine of the operated patients, assessment of gender, weight and BMI impact on glutamine concentration and analysis of the correlation between glutaminę serum concentration and laboratory parameters. The mean concentration of glutamine before surgery, the 3rd and 5th day after surgery was higher in Group I. CRP level in the 3rd and 5th postoperative day was higher in Group II. There were no significant differences betweengroups when it comes to BMI and the concentration of CRP (p &lt;0.05). Glutamine concentration depends on the severity of inflammation, the operated body cavity and the intensified catabolism which results from different pathophysiology of digestive system diseases and coronary arterial disease.

scholarly journals Incentive Contract Design considering Fairness Preferences and Carbon Emission Reduction Multiobjective Tasks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Li ◽  
Shuzhen Zhu ◽  
Xinyu Cao
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Incentive Model ◽  
Incentive Strategies ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Considering the multitargets of corporate carbon emission reduction and the fairness preference psychology of the company, a government incentive model for corporate carbon emission reduction was constructed. The impact of corporate fairness preferences on government carbon emission reduction incentive strategies is studied. In addition, numerical simulation is used to analyze the impact of changes in correlation coefficients, fairness preference coefficients, and discount rates on the optimal enterprise effort coefficient and the government optimal incentive coefficient. Research shows that the degree of fairness preference of a company has a direct impact on the degree of corporate effort, while the discount rate will only have an impact on the company’s long-term effort. In order to improve corporate carbon emission reduction efforts, the government must not only consider the impact of fairness preference on corporate efforts but also flexibly adjust the incentive coefficient of long-term and short-term tasks based on the discount rate.

New drugs for hypertension – variations on old themes

1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 21-22
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Antagonists ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
First Line ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Adrenergic Blockers ◽  
The Impact

Alpha-adrenergic blockers, calcium antagonists and some angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are now promoted as first-line drugs for the treatment of hypertension, competing with the traditional choices of β-adrenergic blockers and diuretics. The older drugs have established long-term benefits, but have some theoretical disadvantages and sometimes unwanted effects. No trials have looked at the impact of these new drugs on cardiovascular disease; studies of their efficacy have examined only immediate outcome measures such as blood pressure, and their effects on other risk factors for arterial disease such as plasma lipids. Choosing a drug for the initial treatment of hypertension has therefore become more difficult. We discuss here a new α-blocker and three recently marketed calcium antagonists.

scholarly journals On the sensitivity of tidal network characterization to power law estimation

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jiménez ◽  
S. Castanedo ◽  
Z. Zhou ◽  
G. Coco ◽  
R. Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Drainage Area ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Drainage Volume ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Long-term simulations (3000 yr) of an idealized basin using different tidal ranges (1, 2 and 3 m) and grain sizes (120, 480 and 960 μm) have been performed in order to cover a range of hydrodynamic and sedimentary conditions. Two different cell sizes (50 and 100 m) have been used to study the impact of cell size on tidal network development. The probability distributions of the drainage area and the drainage volume have been computed for every simulation (during an ebb and a flood phase). Power law distributions are observed in drainage area and drainage volume distribution. As an objective estimation of the exponent of a power law is an open issue, different approaches (linear binning, normalized logarithmic binning, cumulative distribution function and maximum likelihood) proposed by White et al. (2008) to estimate the exponent have been used to carry out a sensitivity analysis. Our findings indicate that although all methods results in high and significant correlation coefficients, more work is needed to develop a universal, objective estimation of the exponent.

scholarly journals SMEs Sustainability in Times of Crisis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otilia-Maria Bordeianu ◽  
◽  
Claudia-Elena Grigoras-Ichim ◽  
Lucia Morosan-Danila ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
East Region ◽  
Sustainability Strategies ◽  
Local Companies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

The global crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic among the population and at the level of companies, state institutions, etc., underlined the importance of analysing its impact at different levels (intern, national and international level). The concepts of sustainability, development and growth must be aware, adapted and implemented more and more frequently, even constantly, in order to cope with the current evolution of the economy (and not only). The paper is an empirical research conducted in the North-East Region of Romania, aiming to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on local companies (especially SME’s), in the context of existing correlation between the COVID-19 impact on resizing, restricting, changing the number of active employees, changing revenue, changing turnover and changing profit, based on the Spearman correlation coefficients. In this sense, it was important to implement sustainability strategies and ensure the activity and resources of companies in the long term, because the effects of an economic crisis (natural resources, human resources, not only financial) are felt in 2021 and will be felt in the future 10 years. The paper concludes with two practical solutions to ensure the sustainability of the companies involved in the study, solutions that can be applied by all companies that have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Eindeutige Beziehung zwischen mittlerem Erythrozytenvolumen und dem anatomischen Verteilungstyp der peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit

VASA ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mueller ◽  
Luft ◽  
Haidinger ◽  
Poelz ◽  
Haltmayer
Keyword(s):  
Matched Control ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Disease Manifestation ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Severe Atherosclerosis ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
The Impact

Background: Elevated erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume (MCV) has been suggested to be a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether MCV was associated with a distinct pattern of severe atherosclerosis (lumen reductions >= 75%) in patients with symptomatic PAD, as measured by angiography. Patients and methods: 100 consecutively admitted male PAD patients with iliac, femoral-popliteal and crural disease manifestation were compared with 100 male age-matched control subjects without PAD on the basis of angiographically determined lumen reductions >= 75%. Results: The pattern of severe atherosclerosis was as follows: 41 PAD patients displayed stenoses/occlusions in the iliac segment, 68 in the femoral-popliteal and 15 in the crural segment. When comparing the PAD patients with the controls by multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, MCV was an independent predictor of severe atherosclerosis in the iliac (OR = 2.72 for an increment of 5 fl, 95% CI = 1.15–6.40) and the femoral-popliteal segment (OR = 3.13 for an increment of 5 fl, 95% CI = 1.51–6.49) but not in the crural site. This pattern was similar to the impact of smoking. Conclusion: Higher MCV values contributed to lumen reductions >= 75% of the proximal segments in patients with symptomatic PAD. This observation could be clinically important since revascularisation procedures are done predominantly in these segments. As a consequence, observance of elevated MCV values should be considered in PAD patients.

A Clinical Trial of Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients with Coronary Arterial Disease

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Michaels ◽  
P. A. Galbraith ◽  
J. R. Ledwich
Keyword(s):  
Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Coronary Disease ◽  
Dosage Reduction ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Coronary Insufficiency ◽  
Coronary Arterial Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Insufficiency ◽  
Stopping Treatment

Patients who had received long-term anticoagulants for acute coronary insufficiency or myocardial infarction were followed for 16 weeks after stopping treatment. There was a 37% thromboembolic relapse rate among 82 subjects who had angina during the last 3 treatment months and/or symptomatic occlusive extra-cardiac arterial disease.13 additional patients with one or both of these features were then selected for an antiplatelet therapy trial; having received warfarin for 1 to 2 years, they were switched to a 16-week course of entrophen 300 mg and sulfinpyrazone 200 mg, 4 times daily. Treatment was monitored by platelet adhesiveness, template bleeding time and serum salicylate measurements. There were no hemorrhagic complications. In 3 patients, intolerance compelled dosage reduction or stopping one drug; 10 adhered to protocol. 4 of the 13 suffered a thromboembolism while taking both drugs according to protocol. This 31% incidence is almost identical to that seen when no treatment followed warfarin withdrawal. The study is continuing, but the results to-date suggest that entrophen-sulfinpyrazone is not a practical or effective treatment for coronary disease. They do not preclude possible effectiveness of this combination in other vascular disease or other antiplatelet drugs in coronary disease.

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