scholarly journals High Ghrelin Level Predicts the Curve Progression of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Girls

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Gui Yu ◽  
Hong-Qi Zhang ◽  
Zhen-Hai Zhou ◽  
Yun-Jia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Ghrelin Level ◽  
Curve Progression ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Controls

Background. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is common deformity with unknown cause. Previous studies have suggested the abnormal serum leptin and ghrelin level in AIS girls. The aim of present study was to evaluate whether the serum leptin and ghrelin level could serve as risk factor in predicting the curve progression in AIS girls. The associations between them and the physical characteristics were also investigated. Materials and Methods. Circulating leptin and ghrelin levels from 105 AIS girls and 40 age-matched non-AIS girls were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The correlations between ghrelin and leptin levels and growth-related parameters (age, weight, corrected height, corrected BMI, main Cobb angle, and Risser sign) were analyzed in AIS group. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate factors predicting curve progression in AIS girls. Results. A significantly lower leptin level (6.55 ± 2.88 vs. 8.01 ± 3.12 ng/ml, p < 0.05) and a higher ghrelin level (6.33 ± 2.46 vs. 4.46 ± 2.02 ng/ml, p < 0.05) were found in all AIS patients, as compared with normal controls. Curve progression patients had a higher ghrelin level than stable curve patients (7.61 ± 2.48 vs. 5.54 ± 2.11 ng/ml, p < 0.01); for leptin level, there was no significant difference between progression and stable group. The results of multivariate logistic stepwise regression showed that premenarche status, initial main Cobb magnitude that was more than or equal to 23°, high ghrelin level (≥7.30 ng/ml), and lower Risser grade (grades 0 to 2) were identified as risk factors in predicting curve progression. Ghrelin levels of >6.48 ng/ml were predictive for curve progression with 70.00 % sensitivity and 72.31 % specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.741 (95 % confidence interval 0.646-0.821). Conclusions. High ghrelin level may serve as a new quantitative indicator for predicting curve progression in AIS girls.

Should L3 be selected as the lowest instrumented vertebra in patients with Lenke type 5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis whose lowest end vertebra is L4?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Banno ◽  
Yu Yamato ◽  
Hiroki Oba ◽  
Tetsuro Ohba ◽  
Tomohiko Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Curve Progression ◽  
Global Alignment ◽  
Fusion Surgery ◽  
Radiographic Outcomes ◽  
Lowest Instrumented Vertebra ◽  
Upper Instrumented Vertebra ◽  
Coronal Decompensation

OBJECTIVE L3 is most often selected as the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) to conserve mobile segments in fusion surgery; however, in cases with the lowest end vertebra (LEV) at L4, LIV selection as L3 could have a potential risk of correction loss and coronal decompensation. This study aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes depending on the LEV in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients with Lenke type 5C curves. METHODS Data from 49 AIS patients with Lenke type 5C curves who underwent selective thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) fusion to L3 as the LIV were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were classified according to their LEVs into L3 and L4 groups. In the L4 group, subanalysis was performed according to the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) level toward the upper end vertebra (UEV and 1 level above the UEV [UEV+1] subgroups). Radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes were compared between these groups. RESULTS Among 49 patients, 32 and 17 were in the L3 and L4 groups, respectively. The L4 group showed a lower TL/L curve correction rate and a higher subjacent disc angle postoperatively than the L3 group. Although no intergroup difference was observed in coronal balance (CB), the L4 group showed a significantly higher main thoracic (MT) and TL/L curve progression during the postoperative follow-up period than the L3 group. In the L4 group, the UEV+1 subgroup showed a higher absolute value of CB at 2 years than the UEV subgroup. CONCLUSIONS In Lenke type 5C AIS patients with posterior selective TL/L fusion to L3 as the LIV, patients with their LEVs at L4 showed postoperative MT and TL/L curve progression; however, no significant differences were observed in global alignment and clinical outcome.

Prediction of spinal curve progression in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis using Random Forest regression

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar García-Cano ◽  
Fernando Arámbula Cosío ◽  
Luc Duong ◽  
Christian Bellefleur ◽  
Marjolaine Roy-Beaudry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Curve Progression ◽  
Random Forest Regression ◽  
Spinal Curve

scholarly journals Serum CYR61 As A Potential Biomarker for The Diagnosis of Esophagogastric Junction Tumor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Yu Chu ◽  
Jian-Yuan Zhou ◽  
Yi-Xuan Zhao ◽  
Yan-Ting Ou ◽  
Tian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Normal Controls

Background：Esophagogastric junction tumor (EGJ) is a rare but fatal disease with a rapid rising incidence worldwide in the late 20 years, and it lacks a convenient and safe method for diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of serum CYR61 as a biomarker for the diagnosis of EGJ tumor. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to estimate CYR61 levels in sera of 152 EGJ tumor patients and 137 normal controls. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy. The Mann–Whitney’s U test was used to compare the difference of serum levels of CYR61 between groups. And chi-square tests were employed to estimate the correlation of the positive rate of serum CYR61 between/among subgroups. Results: Serum CYR61 levels were statistically lower in EGJ tumor and early-stage EGJ tumor patients than those in normal controls (P&lt;0.0001). The sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC) of this biomarker in EGJ tumor were 88.2%, 43.8% and 0.691, respectively, and those for early stage of EGJ tumor were 80.0%, 66.4% and 0.722, respectively. Analyses showed that there was no correlation between the clinical data and the levels of CYR61 (P&gt;0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that CYR61 might be a potential biomarker to assist the diagnosis of EGJ tumor.

scholarly journals The Association Between Serum Levels of Leptin and Lipid Profiles in Cardiovascular Patients With Valve Calcification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Lotfi ◽  
Mohsen Molaie ◽  
Ehsan Mohammadi Noori ◽  
Khalil Soleiman ◽  
Amir Kiani
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Valve Calcification ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lipid Abnormalities

Adipose tissue-derived hormones known as adipokines, like leptin, have multiple bioactions. Notwithstanding the key roles of leptin in regulating energy homeostasis and metabolism, its cardiovascular functions are complex and not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum concentrations of leptin and lipid profiles in patients with valve calcification. Seventy-two patients with valve calcification and 72 healthy individuals participated in this case-control study. The serum levels of biochemical markers and leptin were measured by the standard enzymatic methods and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, respectively. Significantly increased serum concentrations of FBS (P=0.001), urea (P<0.0001), creatinine (P=0.018), P (P<0.0001), LDL-C (P=0.011) and lower Ca (P=0.006), and HDL-C (P<0.0001) levels were observed in patients compared to controls. There was no significant difference in the serum level of TG and TC of patients than controls. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly increased in patients relative to controls (P<0.0001). However, a significantly diminished serum level of leptin was observed in patients than controls (P<0.0001). The correlation analysis demonstrated that the serum leptin concentration is negatively correlated with creatinine, but it is positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (P=0.0302, P=0.0362, respectively). There was no statistically significant association between serum levels of leptin and lipid profiles. Our findings indicated dyslipidemia and reduced serum leptin concentrations in patients with valve calcification, suggesting the role of lipid abnormalities and reduced leptin levels in the development and pathogenesis of valve calcification diseases.

scholarly journals A Genetic Predictive Model Estimating the Risk of Developing Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilei Xu ◽  
Zhichong Wu ◽  
Chao Xia ◽  
Nelson Tang ◽  
Jack C.Y. Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Discriminative Power ◽  
Replication Stage ◽  
Disease Prognosis ◽  
Predicted Risk ◽  
Normal Controls

Background: Previous GWASs have revealed several susceptible variants associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Risk prediction based on these variants can potentially improve disease prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the combined effects of genetic factors on the development of AIS and to further develop a genetic predictive model. Methods: A total of 914 AIS patients and 1441 normal controls were included in the discovery stage, which was followed by the replication stage composed of 871 patients and 1239 controls. Genotyping assay was performed to analyze 10 previously reported susceptible variants, including rs678741 of LBX1, rs241215 of AJAP1, rs13398147 of PAX3, rs16934784 of BNC2, rs2050157 of GPR126, rs2180439 of PAX1, rs4940576 of BCL2, rs7593846 of MEIS1, rs7633294 of MAGI1 and rs9810566 of TNIK. Logistic regression analysis was performed to generate a risk predictive model. The predicted risk score was calculated for each participant in the replication stage. Results: The association of the 10 variants with AIS was successfully validated. The established model could explain approximately 7.9% of the overall variance. In the replication stage, patients were found to have a remarkably higher risk score as compared to the controls (44.2 ± 14.4 vs. 33.9 ± 12.5, p <0.001). There was a remarkably higher proportion of the risk score i.e. >40 in the patients than in the controls (59% vs. 28.9%, p <0.001). Conclusion: Risk predictive model based on the previously reported genetic variants has a remarkable discriminative power. More clinical and genetic factors need to be studied, to further improve the probability to predict the onset of AIS.

Comparison of Untreated Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis With Normal Controls

Spine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 778-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. P. Rushton ◽  
Michael P. Grevitt
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Normal Controls

scholarly journals Choosing the Distal Fusion Levels in Lenke Type 1 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: How Do the Existing Classifications and Recommendations Guide Us?

2020 ◽  
pp. 219256822091071
Author(s):  
Bhavuk Garg ◽  
Nishank Mehta ◽  
Rudra Narayan Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Deformity Correction ◽  
Sagittal Vertical Axis ◽  
Scoliosis Research Society ◽  
Lenke Classification ◽  
Selective Fusion ◽  
Significant Difference

Study Design: Retrospective cohort. Objective: ( a) To compare the recommendations of Lenke and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) classifications in choosing distal fusion levels in Lenke 1 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) curves and ( b) to analyze whether the variability in distal fusion levels influences treatment outcomes. Methods: Hospital records of Lenke 1 AIS patients operated for single stage, posterior-only deformity correction were analyzed. Distal fusion levels recommended by Lenke and PUMC classifications were calculated and were compared with the actual distal fusion levels. The study population was divided based on whether the actual distal fusion levels were in agreement, shorter or longer than those recommended by Lenke classification. Subgroup analysis of Lenke 1C curves was done. The groups were compared with regard to the following outcome measures: Cobb angle correction, postoperative sagittal vertical axis, postoperative C7 offset, and Scoliosis Research Society–22r (SRS-22r) score at 24 months. Results: The distal fusion levels recommended by the 2 classifications were in agreement in 92 of 104 cases. In all the cases with disparity, Lenke classification recommended shorter fusions than the PUMC classification. No statistically significant difference was observed in the outcome measures—whether the actual distal fusion levels were in agreement, shorter, or longer than those recommended by the Lenke classification or whether or not the recommendations for selective fusion of any of these classifications were adhered to. Conclusion: Lenke classification can save fusion levels without compromising on treatment outcomes when compared with PUMC classification. Variability in choice of distal fusion levels is not clinically significant at 24-month follow-up.

Supine flexibility predicts curve progression for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing underarm bracing

2020 ◽  
Vol 102-B (2) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason P. Y. Cheung ◽  
Prudence W. H. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Cobb Angle ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Curve Progression ◽  
Curve Magnitude ◽  
Spine Radiograph ◽  
Whole Spine

Aims The aim of this study was to assess whether supine flexibility predicts the likelihood of curve progression in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) undergoing brace treatment. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of patients with AIS prescribed with an underarm brace between September 2008 to April 2013 and followed up until 18 years of age or required surgery. Patients with structural proximal curves that preclude underarm bracing, those who were lost to follow-up, and those who had poor compliance to bracing (<16 hours a day) were excluded. The major curve Cobb angle, curve type, and location were measured on the pre-brace standing posteroanterior (PA) radiograph, supine whole spine radiograph, initial in-brace standing PA radiograph, and the post-brace weaning standing PA radiograph. Validation of the previous in-brace Cobb angle regression model was performed. The outcome of curve progression post-bracing was tested using a logistic regression model. The supine flexibility cut-off for curve progression was analyzed with receiver operating characteristic curve. Results A total of 586 patients with mean age of 12.6 years (SD 1.2) remained for analysis after exclusion. The baseline Cobb angle was similar for thoracic major curves (31.6° (SD 3.8°)) and lumbar major curves (30.3° (SD 3.7°)). Curve progression was more common in the thoracic curves than lumbar curves with mean final Cobb angles of 40.5° (SD 12.5°) and 31.8° (SD 9.8°) respectively. This dataset matched the prediction model for in-brace Cobb angle with less mean absolute error in thoracic curves (0.61) as compared to lumbar curves (1.04). Reduced age and Risser stage, thoracic curves, increased pre-brace Cobb angle, and reduced correction and flexibility rates predicted increased likelihood of curve progression. Flexibility rate of more than 28% has likelihood of preventing curve progression with bracing. Conclusion Supine radiographs provide satisfactory prediction for in-brace correction and post-bracing curve magnitude. The flexibility of the curve is a guide to determine the likelihood for brace success. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(2):254–260.

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