scholarly journals Significant Clinical Manifestations in Ballantyne Syndrome, after a Case Report and Literature Review: Recognizing Preeclampsia as a Differential Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia F. Navarro-Perez ◽  
Karen Corona-Fernandez ◽  
José L. Rodriguez-Chavez ◽  
A. Bañuelos-Franco ◽  
María G. Zavala-Cerna
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Sacrococcygeal Teratoma ◽  
Fetal Hydrops ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Fetal Survival ◽  
Clinical Triad

Ballantyne syndrome (BS) also called mirror syndrome is defined by the presence of a clinical triad that includes fetal hydrops and placental and maternal edema. Here we present a clinical case of a 34-year-old woman with a 29 weeks’ pregnancy, who developed BS and fetal loss probably due to failure in prompt recognition of a rapidly growing sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT). Due to similarities in clinical presentation with preeclampsia and the importance in early identification of the source for BS, we underwent a literature review in order to identify significant signs and symptoms, as well as sonographic changes, in order to help clinicians to make this prompt recognition, identification of the cause, and early management of BS, which will have an important impact in maternal and fetal survival.

scholarly journals Clinical manifestations of chronic subdural hematoma in the elderly: Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ferreira Kalkmann ◽  
Carlos Umberto Pereira ◽  
Francisco de Assis Pereira ◽  
Débora Moura da Paixão Oliveira ◽  
Nicollas Nunes Rabelo
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: The clinical manifestations of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) are often confused with other medical entities in the elderly, making their early diagnosis difficult or difficult. Early diagnosis is important, since its prognosis is directly associated with the preoperative neurological state, thus resulting in a worse vital and functional prognosis. Objectives: Report through a literature review the clinical manifestations of CSDH in the elderly population. Methods: Literature review, with the search terms: “Signs and Symptoms”, “Chronic Subdural Hematoma”, Aged, Diagnosis and Prognosis. In which PubMed, Lilacs, Scielo, Cochrane and TripDataBase data platforms were used. The inclusion criteria were: original studies published in any language. Articles in which full reading was prevented were excluded. With the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 110 articles were included in the study. Results: Clinical presentation depends on the location, volume of the hematoma, rapid growth, the location of the CSDH, whether unilateral or bilateral, and the clinical conditions of the patient. Because the forms of clinical presentation of CSDH are variable, it is necessary that health professionals linked to the elderly (geriatrician, psychiatrist, general practitioner) have knowledge of this clinical entity. Conclusions: The recognition of classic forms as well as the identification of risk factors in the elderly favors the timely diagnosis and treatment of CSDH in the elderly population.

scholarly journals Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Children: A Review of 50 Cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Fatma Khalsi ◽  
◽  
Ines Trablesi ◽  
Imen Belhadj ◽  
Nozha Brahmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Lavage ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pesticide Poisoning ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Background: Pesticide poisoning is very common in Tunisia. Various factors are involved in the analysis of the clinical presentations and the severity of this condition. Major factors are the chemical nature of the pesticides and the quantity entered the body. Methods: This is a retrospective study, reporting the pediatric cases that presented to us with signs and symptoms of pesticide poisoning. Fifty cases pesticide poisoning were admitted to the hospital between January 2013 and October 2016. Results: A total of 50 pediatric cases were included in this study with the mean age of 3 years and 4months. The poisoning was accidental in 49 cases and self-inflicted in one, with the mode being oral (N=45), respiratory (N=2) and cutaneous (N=3). The average duration of hospital care for these patients was 2 hours and 30 minutes (range: 30 min-24 hr). The clinical manifestations of poisoning noted were due to muscarinic and nicotinic receptors inhibition. Upon clinical examination, 29 patients had no pesticide in the gastric lavage fluid and urine and demonstrated no abnormal cholinesterase activity. The therapeutic management was mainly symptomatic with antidote medications prescribed (atropine and oxime). All patients had favorable outcomes and no death occurred. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the frequency of pesticide poisoning in a pediatric setting and the importance of early management. Optimal therapeutic approaches were evaluated, demonstrating that prevention still remains the best solution in such cases.

scholarly journals Catecholamine-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Pheochromocytoma: How to Manage a Rare Complication in a Rare Disease?

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (07) ◽  
pp. 458-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenn Rachelle U. Santos ◽  
Alessandra Brofferio ◽  
Bruna Viana ◽  
Karel Pacak
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Venous Compliance ◽  
Therapeutic Algorithm ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Excessive Secretion

AbstractPheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PHEOs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors. Clinical manifestations include different cardiovascular signs and symptoms, which are related to excessive secretion of catecholamines. Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy in PHEO (CICMPP) is a rare but dreaded complication of PHEO. Once patient is diagnosed with this condition, the prognosis is worse and a surgical risk is much higher than expected. This article focuses on how catecholamines affect the heart and the pathophysiologic mechanism of CICMPP. The cardiovascular responses to catecholamine depend mostly on which catecholamine is released as well as the amount of catecholamine that is released. The acute release of norepinephrine and epinephrine from PHEO increases heart rate, systemic vascular resistance, myocardial contractility, and reduces venous compliance. The excessive adrenergic stimulation by catecholamine results in severe vasoconstriction and coronary vasospasm, myocardial ischemia, and subsequently damage, and necrosis. Chronically elevated catecholamine levels lead to significant desensitization of cardiac β-adrenoceptors. The increased levels of the enzyme β-adrenoceptors kinase (βARK) in the heart seems to mediate these biochemical and physiological changes that are consistently correlated with attenuated responsiveness to catecholamine stimulation. Through these mechanisms different types of cardiomyopathy (CMP) can be formed. This review discusses extensively the 3 types of cardiomyopathies that can be present in a PHEO patient. It also provides the clinical presentation and diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm in managing patients with CICMPP.

scholarly journals Clinical masks of pleuropulmonary dirofilariasis, a rare clinical presentation of dirofilariasis in Russia: a report of four cases and literature review

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
A. M Bronshteyn ◽  
N. A Malyshev ◽  
L. V Fedianina ◽  
A. A Frolova ◽  
I. V Davydova
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Dirofilaria Repens ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Clinical Simulation ◽  
Regions Of Russia

There arc described four cases of infection of the lungs and pleura with Dirofilaria in patients infected in the Moscow region and Moscow, with clinical manifestations of recurrent exudative pleurisy, tumor-like formations in the pleura and the lungs. Non-specific clinical symptoms and clinical simulation of common known diseases render difficult the clinical and instrumental diagnosis of pleuropulmonary dirofilariasis. Currently, the best method of diagnosis and treatment of heartworm lungs and pleura is Videothoracoscopy. There are analyzed factors that contribute to the pleuropulmonary infection with Dirofilaria. There is mentioned the possibility of strain differences between Dirofilaria repens, distributed in various regions of Russia and abroad, and there are discussed the problems of treatment.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON PATHOGENESIS OF DISEASE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ANUBANDHA AND ANANUBANDHA VAADA

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (11) ◽  
pp. 5051-5056
Author(s):  
Ebin. T U ◽  
Jai G.
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Factor Sequence

Introduction: In Ayurveda a detailed explanation of causative factors, pathogenesis, signs and symptoms and prognosis of different Nija Rogas are available. Even then the subjectivity of a disease in its origin, clinical presentation and curative facets with respect to individuals are found to be different. This can be cleared by the knowledge of Anubandha – Anubandha Vaada. Materials and Methods: The present work is a literature review on the theory of Anubandha -Ananubandha and its importance in Nija Roga manifes-tation. Results and Discussion: The strength of disease may be assessed through the Anubandha and Ananubandha of Nidana, Dosha and Dooshya. A well treatment plan with either Brimhana or Langhana should be assigned through this principle. Similarly, an appropriate lifestyle can be followed which may essentially help to cure a disease or prevent a disease. Conclusion: By proper knowledge Nidana Panchaka and Shat-Kriyakala, a Vaidhya is able to break the factor sequence in a disease development. Understand-ing in depth the different facets of Anubandha - Ananubandha Vaada helps in preventing, recognizing and curing disease.

Variable Clinical Presentation of Children with Hereditary Hypophosphatemic Rickets with Hypercalciuria: A Case Series and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Christensen ◽  
Peter J. Tebben ◽  
David Sas ◽  
Ana L. Creo
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Hypophosphatemic Rickets ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Variable Clinical Presentation

Introduction: Hereditary Hypophosphatemic Rickets with Hypercalciuria (HHRH) is a rare condition of renal phosphate wasting due to SLC34A3 mutations [1]. Patients exhibit low serum phosphorus, high 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and inappropriately high urine phosphate and calcium. However, symptoms vary and little is known about specific phenotype-genotype correlations. Methods: We report three HHRH cases in unrelated 12-year-old, 9-year-old and 14-year-old patients and perform a systematic literature review. Results: All three patients exhibited labs typical of HHRH. Yet, their presentations differed and 2 novel SLC34A3 variants were identified. As found in the literature review, bone symptoms are most common (50%), followed by renal symptoms (17%), combined bone and renal symptoms (18%) and asymptomatic (9%). Conclusion: These three cases highlight the variability of presenting signs and symptoms among individuals with HHRH. An accurate diagnosis is critical, as treatment differs from other disorders of phosphate wasting, urinary stones, and mineralization defects.

scholarly journals A Reappraisal of Clinical Characteristics of Typhoid Fever

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABM Shahidul Alam ◽  
Sanjana Zaman ◽  
Farhana Chaiti ◽  
Naveen Sheikh ◽  
Gopen Kumar Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Widal Test ◽  
Missed Diagnosis ◽  
The Mean

Background: Recent reports from developing countries show that the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of typhoid have significantly altered often leading to missed diagnosis. The incidence of complications is also reported to be variable. The consequence of missed diagnosis is immense in terms of burden on limited health resources and patients’ suffering. Therefore, its clinical spectrum requires constant reappraisal to update our physicians with current knowledge. This study was carried out to determine the changes in clinical pattern of typhoid fever. Patients & Methods: A total of 106 children, aged up to 14 years, diagnosed primarily as typhoid fever, were included as study population. The diagnostic criteria were either positive blood culture for Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi or at least a four-fold rise in antibody titre on Widal test. The study included mode of clinical presentations, treatment received before admission, Widal test findings and culture and sensitivity to antibiotics. Results: The mean age of the patients was 5.2 years and males were a little than the females. The mean duration of illness was 11.2±3.3 days. Majority of the patients presented with classical signs and symptoms like step ladder pattern of fever (nearly 70%) coated tongue (69.8%), diarrhoea (49.1%), toxemia (68.9%), relative leucopenia (71.7%), hepatomegaly (55.7%), pain in the right hypochondrium (41.5%) and splennomegaly (18.9%). Very few cases had a typical manifestations. Over 85% of the patients had raised SGPT (>40 IU/L) and 13.8% had detectable jaundice (serum billirubin >3 mg/dl). Widal test demonstrated that about 45% of the patients’ ‘O’ antibody titer increased to 4-fold, 27.4% to 8-fold or more. In case of antibody ‘H’, 35.8% exhibited 4-fold and 39.7% 8-fold or more increase. Of the 103 cases, 68(66%) were positive for Salmonella typhi. Majority of the isolated organisms was sensitive to cefixime, ceftriaxone and gentamycin (83%, 84% and 82% respectively). The second line of sensitivity was obtained to amikacin (64.2%), meropenem (50%), ciprofloxacin (46.2%), imepenem (46.2%) and azithromycin (43.4%). The least sensitive drugs were amoxicillin (28.3%), cotrimoxazole (27.4%) and chloramphenicol (22.6%). Onethird (33.8%) of the patients had multidrug resistant (MDR) strains. However, No significant association was found between multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains and atypical clinical manifestations. Conclusion: Clinical presentation of most typhoid fever still conforms with the classic pattern. High fever, anorexia, coated tongue, diarrhoea, relative leucopenia and hepatosplenomegaly are still common manifestations of typhoid fever. So, majority of the patients could be treated blindly based on clinical diagnosis. However, treatment should be given with first line of drugs like cefexime or ceftriaxone. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/bjch.v34i3.10357 BJCH 2010; 34(3): 80-85

scholarly journals The frequency and clinical presentation of Zika virus coinfections: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. e002350
Author(s):  
Ludmila Lobkowicz ◽  
Anna Ramond ◽  
Nuria Sanchez Clemente ◽  
Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Ximenes ◽  
Demócrito de Barros Miranda-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epstein Barr

BackgroundThere is limited knowledge on the influence of concurrent coinfections on the clinical presentation of Zika virus (ZIKV) disease.MethodsTo better understand the types, frequencies and clinical manifestations of ZIKV coinfections, we did a systematic review of four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS) without restrictions for studies on ZIKV coinfections confirmed by nucleic acid (quantitative real-time-PCR) testing of ZIKV and coinfecting pathogens. The review aimed to identify cohort, cross-sectional, case series and case report studies that described frequencies and/or clinical signs and symptoms of ZIKV coinfections. Conference abstracts, reviews, commentaries and studies with imprecise pathogen diagnoses and/or no clinical evaluations were excluded.ResultsThe search identified 34 articles from 10 countries, comprising 2 cohort, 10 cross-sectional, 8 case series and 14 case report studies. Coinfections were most frequently reported to have occurred with other arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses); out of the 213 coinfections described, ZIKV infections co-occurred with chikungunya in 115 cases, with dengue in 68 cases and with both viruses in 19 cases. Other coinfecting agents included human immunodeficiency, Epstein-Barr, human herpes and Mayaro viruses, Leptospira spp, Toxoplasma gondii and Schistosoma mansoni. ZIKV-coinfected cases primarily presented with mild clinical features, typical of ZIKV monoinfection; however, 9% of cases in cohort and cross-sectional studies were reported to experience complications.ConclusionBased on the evidence collated in this review, coinfections do not appear to strongly influence the clinical manifestations of uncomplicated ZIKV infections. Further research is needed to confirm whether risk of severe complications is altered when ZIKV infection co-occurs with other infections.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018111023.

scholarly journals Ocular manifestations of COVID-19: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1296-1300
Author(s):  
Bruna Rafaella Santos Torres ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Ximenes da Cunha ◽  
Laís Rytholz Castro ◽  
Lara Medeiros Pirauá de Brito ◽  
Caio Victor Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

SUMMARY Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the highly pathogenic SARS-Cov-2 virus, was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. Its main clinical manifestations are related to airway involvement; however, there is extrapulmonary impairment in some cases. Given this context, this literature review aims to identify the ophthalmological conditions caused by infection with the novel coronavirus. Although ocular findings do not include the standard clinical presentation of the disease, there are reports of some ophthalmological changes in COVID-19 patients, and conjunctivitis is the most common among these.

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