scholarly journals Behavioral and Cognitive Impacts of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Poissant ◽  
Adrianna Mendrek ◽  
Nadine Talbot ◽  
Bassam Khoury ◽  
Jennifer Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are becoming increasingly popular as treatments for physical and psychological problems. Recently, several studies have suggested that MBIs may also be effective in reducing symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Most studies have examined the effectiveness in children, but there are now a sufficient number of individual treatment trials to consider a systematic review in adults. Majority of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses only consider ADHD symptoms as an outcome, and most of them do not fully report potential biases of included studies, thus limiting considerably their conclusions. This is an important facet because some studies could be found ineligible to be included in future analysis due to their low quality. In this systematic review, we followed the PRISMA/PICO criteria and we thoroughly assessed the risks of bias for each of the selected studies according to Cochrane guidelines. We searched the available literature concerning MBIs in adult participants with ADHD using PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and ERIC databases. In total, 13 studies conducted with 753 adults (mean age of 35.1 years) were identified as eligible. Potential moderators such as participants’ age, ADHD subtypes, medication status, comorbidity, intervention length, mindfulness techniques, homework amount, and training of therapists were carefully described. Aside from measuring the symptoms of ADHD, outcome measures were categorized into executive/cognitive functioning, emotional disturbances, quality of life, mindfulness, and grade point average at school. According to presented descriptive results, all the studies (100%) showed improvement of ADHD symptoms. In addition, mindfulness meditation training improves some aspects of executive function and emotion dysregulation. Although these are promising findings to support treatment efficacy of MBIs for ADHD, various biases such as absence of randomization and lack of a control group may affect the actual clinical value and implications of the studies. Moreover, the relatively low quality of selection and performance criteria in several studies, as well as relatively high attrition bias across studies, call for caution before considering conducting further analysis.

scholarly journals The quality of life of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Danckaerts ◽  
Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke ◽  
Tobias Banaschewski ◽  
Jan Buitelaar ◽  
Manfred Döpfner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

scholarly journals Interventions Based on Mind–Body Therapies for the Improvement of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Youth: A Systematic Review

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaira Barranco-Ruiz ◽  
Bingen Esturo Etxabe ◽  
Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽  
Emilio Villa-González
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Quality Tool

Background and objectives: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Mind–body therapies (MBTs) seem to be effective for improving health in different populations; however, whether a positive effect occurs in children and adolescents with ADHD is still controversial. The main aim of this systematic review was to analyse the interventions based on MBT aimed to improve the main ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify MBT studies on children and adolescents (4–18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD. Study quality was evaluated by the NIH quality tool (U.S. National Institute of Health). Results: There were positive results in eleven out of twelve included studies regarding the effect of the MBT interventions on ADHD symptoms. With respect to ADHD symptoms, we observed differences across studies. In relation to the studies’ quality, eleven studies were rated “poor” and one was rated as “fair”. Conclusions: MBTs, such as yoga or mindfulness, could be positive strategies to mitigate ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents. However, further research with high-quality designs, with randomization, greater sample sizes, and more intensive supervised practice programs are needed.

scholarly journals Correlations between Quality of Life, School Bullying, and Suicide in Adolescents with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3262
Author(s):  
Yi-Lung Chen ◽  
Hsing-Ying Ho ◽  
Ray C. Hsiao ◽  
Wei-Hsin Lu ◽  
Cheng-Fang Yen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Well Being ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Inattention And Hyperactivity

Although adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a higher risk of suicidality and more problems related to school bullying, and quality of life (QoL) is reportedly associated with school bullying, suicide, and ADHD, no study has examined their correlation. This study examined the complex relationships between QoL, school bullying, suicide, and ADHD symptoms. A total of 203 adolescents with ADHD aged between 12 and 18 years were recruited. School bullying and QoL were examined using the Chinese version of the School Bullying Experience Questionnaire and the Taiwanese Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adolescents. Network model analysis was conducted to graphically present their relationships. We identified triangular correlations between school bullying, QoL, and suicidality, indicating possible pathways from school bullying to suicidality, and the originating or mediating roles of personal competence and psychological well-being. Furthermore, the ADHD symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity may differentially regulate these pathways. Longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Can Parents Improve the Quality of Life of Their Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Kousha ◽  
Mohammad Abbasi Kakrodi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Triple P ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mothers’ Group psychoeducation on Quality of Life (QoL) of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Method: In this clinical trial, 60 mothers of ADHD children were randomly divided into two groups (30 participants in each group). An educational program based on Positive Parenting Program (Triple P) was performed for the intervention group, while only pharmacotherapy was provided for the control group. Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Peds QL) was completed by all 60 mothers before, eight week, and three months after intervention. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, and K-square or paired t test were used for data analysis. Results: A total of 60 mothers participated in this study. Of their children, 80% were boys and 20% were girls. The mean of the total score of QoL increased significantly in the intervention group at week eight and three months after the intervention. Also, the mean scores of emotional, social, school and psychosocial domains, but not physical domain of QoL, found to be higher in ADHD children after intervention (p< 0.05). The total score of QoL and mean scores of domains increased in the posttest in the control group, but it was not significant (p> 0.05). Conclusion: A significant increase in the total score of QoL was reported by mothers in the posttest compared to the pretest in the experimental group, which showed that educating parents can improve the QoL of their ADHD children.

scholarly journals An Exercise Program Designed for Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder for Use in School Physical Education: Feasibility and Utility

Healthcare ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor ◽  
Novo ◽  
Foreman
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Reported Data

Moderate to high intensity exercise can improve cognitive function and behavior in children including those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, exercise with long periods of the same activity, or inactivity can fail to engage or maintain their attention. This study examined the effect of exercise sessions developed to engage children with ADHD. Twelve children (10–11 years), six with a diagnosis of ADHD and six with no diagnosis, undertook 40-minute sessions of short-duration, mixed activities bi-weekly for eleven weeks. ADHD symptoms and exercise enjoyment were recorded before six and eleven weeks of intervention. Teacher-reported data showed ADHD symptoms were significantly decreased in the children with ADHD, with a moderate to large effect size. There were no changes in the control group. All children indicated equal enjoyment of the exercise sessions. Specially designed exercise sessions stimulate and maintain engagement by children with ADHD and may reduce ADHD symptom levels in the school environment. The method that supports inclusive practice in physical education (PE) was successfully transferred to the study school and led by the usual class teacher. Children evaluated the exercises as acceptable and enjoyable for those with and without ADHD. This inclusive exercise method might help children manage ADHD symptoms.

The age-dependent decline of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis of follow-up studies

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN V. FARAONE ◽  
JOSEPH BIEDERMAN ◽  
ERIC MICK
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Definition Of

Background. This study examined the persistence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) into adulthood.Method. We analyzed data from published follow-up studies of ADHD. To be included in the analysis, these additional studies had to meet the following criteria: the study included a control group and it was clear from the methods if the diagnosis of ADHD included subjects who did not meet full criteria but showed residual and impairing signs of the disorder. We used a meta-analysis regression model to separately assess the syndromatic and symptomatic persistence of ADHD.Results. When we define only those meeting full criteria for ADHD as having ‘persistent ADHD’, the rate of persistence is low, ~15% at age 25 years. But when we include cases consistent with DSM-IV's definition of ADHD in partial remission, the rate of persistence is much higher, ~65%.Conclusions. Our results show that estimates of ADHD's persistence rely heavily on how one defines persistence. Yet, regardless of definition, our analyses show that evidence for ADHD lessens with age. More work is needed to determine if this reflects true remission of ADHD symptoms or is due to the developmental insensitivity of diagnostic criteria for the disorder.

scholarly journals Comparison of The Effects of Methylphenidate Plus Betahistine and Methylphenidate Plus Placebo on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh ◽  
Sajedeh Nourbehesht ◽  
Pedram Andalibi ◽  
Ebrahim Ghaderi ◽  
Fayegh Yousefi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Impairment In Functioning

Abstract Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common disorder during childhood that leads to impairment in functioning in academic and career domains and social responsibility. Methylphenidate is a common treatment for ADHD that may not be taken by patients due to its complications. The goal of the present study is to examine and compare the effects of Methylphenidate plus Betahistine and Methylphenidate plus placebo on ADHD in Children.Methods: This was a randomized double-blind clinical trial with control group conducted with 76 children with ADHD referred to Be’sat Hospital in Sanandaj, Iran in 2019. The data was collected using the demographic form, a researcher-made form for assessing the reported complications of Methylphenidate and Betahistine, ADHD Rating Scale and the Clinical Global Impression – Severity scale (CGI-S).Results: There was no age difference between the two experimental groups. Both groups experienced a reduction in intensity of ADHD symptoms according to mean scores, but there was more reduction in the Methylphenidate plus Betahistine than the other group. The most common complications in the two groups were lack of appetite (weeks 2 and 4) and agitation and vertigo (week 2).Conclusion: Betahistine plus Methylphenidate may be more effective in treating ADHD symptoms compared to Methylphenidate alone.

scholarly journals Prenatal and Early Postnatal Exposure to A Natural Disaster and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Indian Children

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Hanć ◽  
Aleksandra Gomula ◽  
Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska ◽  
Raja Chakraborty ◽  
Sławomir Kozieł
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the relation between early exposure to stressful event and a level of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children, based on outcomes from a natural experiment. It was hypothesized that children pre- and postnatally exposed to cyclone Aila have a higher level of ADHD symptoms compared to the controls, and the effect depends on timing of exposure. Indian children (8-11y) prenatally (N=336) and early postnatally (N=216) exposed to Aila were compared to non-exposed control group of their peers (N=285). ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Conner’s Teacher Rating Scale Revised. The main effect of exposure to the cyclone on total ADHD symptoms’ score, ADHD index, Hyperactivity and Oppositional symptoms was significant and independent of covariates. Both prenatally and postnatally exposed girls, and only postnatally exposed boys, showed significantly higher level of Oppositional symptoms compared to the controls. Cognitive problems/Inattention symptoms were increased in both prenatally and postnatally exposed boys, but not girls, compared to non-exposed children. The timing of programming the later behavior characteristics by stressful experiences due to natural disaster is not limited to fetal life but extends at least into infancy. Sex is a significant modulator of the early stress-ADHD symptoms association.

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