scholarly journals Incidence of Breast Cancer in Eritrea: A Retrospective Study from 2011 to 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Lidia B. Medhin ◽  
Lia A. Tekle ◽  
Daniel T. Fikadu ◽  
Danait B. Sibhatu ◽  
Samson F. Gebreyohans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Epidemiology ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
Standard Rate ◽  
Low Prevalence

In Africa, breast cancer closely compares with cervical cancer as the most common malignancy affecting women and the incidence rates appear to be rising. Eritrea is experiencing a growing breast cancer problem, but little is presently known on tumor patterns, breast cancer epidemiology, and risk factors. The main objective of this study is to provide baseline data on breast cancer incidence in both sexes in Eritrea. This study was carried out retrospectively and quantitatively by collecting, abstracting, analyzing, coding, and interpreting data recorded in National Health Laboratory (NHL) using CanReg5 ver. 5.00.35. Extracting and classification of the tumor data was done using topography, morphology together with the ICD-10. To generate the incidence rate for the seven years the Eritrean population dataset was used from the population pyramid net for 2014. After we entered all the data from Pathology department in NHL, data was analyzed using the predetermined and developed built-in analysis tools of CanReg5 software and Microsoft Excel 2010. A total number of 9,403 pathology cases were recorded from 2011 to 2017. Out of these 1,497 cases were confirmed as cytology and histology of breast cases. From 1,497 confirmed breast cases in both sexes, the incidence of benign cases was higher than incidence of malignant cases with the case number of 1, 149, and 348, respectively. Out of the 1,497 cases, 1,447 (96.66%) were females; this included a total incidence cases of female benign and malignant breast cases 1,111 (76.78%), and 336 (23.22%), respectively. In both female and male age group the highest positive cases were found in the age greater than 85. The incidence age standard rate per 100,000 in females and male was 3.3 and 0.2, respectively. In sum, the age standardized incidence of breast cancer was relatively low. However, it is our opinion that the low prevalence may be due to low awareness and a highly centralized screening and diagnostic services. This limits access. Altogether, it is our opinion that breast cancer presents a burden to Eritrean ministry of health.

scholarly journals Global Burden of Female Breast Cancer: Age-period-cohort Analysis of Incidence Trends from 1990 to 2019 and Forecasts for 2035

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yizhen Li ◽  
Jinxin Zheng ◽  
Yujiao Deng ◽  
Xinyue Deng ◽  
Weiyang Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
World Population ◽  
Uncertainty Interval ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Female Breast

Abstract Background This study aimed to describe the latest epidemiology of female breast cancer globally, analyze the change pattern of the incidence rates and the disease’s association with age, period, and birth cohort, and subsequently present a forecast of breast cancer incidence.Methods Data for analysis were obtained from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 and World Population Prospects 2019 revision by the United Nations (UN). We described the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) from 1990 to 2019 and then calculated the relative risks of period and cohort using an age-period-cohort model, and predicted the trends of ASIRs to 2035.Results In 2019, the global incidence of breast cancer in women increased to 1,977,212 (95% uncertainty interval = 1 807 615 to 2 145 215), with an ASIR of 45.86 (41.91 to 49.76) per 100 000 persons. Among the six selected countries facing burdensome ASIRs, only the USA showed a downward trend from 1990 to 2019, whereas the others showed an increasing or stable trend. The overall net drift was similar in Japan (1.78%), India (1.66%), and Russia (1.27%), reflecting increasing morbidity from 1990 to 2019. The increase in morbidity was particularly striking in China (2.60%) and not significant in Germany (0.42%). The ASIRs were predicted to continue to increase globally, from 45.26 in 2010 to 47.36 in 2035. In most countries and regions, the age specific incidence rate is the highest in those aged over 70 years and will increase in all age groups until 2035. In high-income regions, the age specific incidence rates are expected to decline in women aged over 50 years. Conclusions The global burden of female breast cancer is becoming more serious, especially in developing countries. Raising awareness of the risk factors and prevention strategies for female breast cancer is necessary to reduce future burden.

Incidence of Invasive Breast Cancer by Hormone Receptor Status From 1992 to 1998

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher I. Li ◽  
Janet R. Daling ◽  
Kathleen E. Malone
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Hormone Receptor Status ◽  
Receptor Status ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Purpose: Between 1987 and 1998, breast cancer incidence rates rose 0.5%/yr in the United States. A question of potential etiologic and clinical importance is whether the hormone receptor status of breast tumors is also changing over time. This is because hormone receptor status may reflect different etiologic pathways and is useful in predicting response to adjuvant therapy and prognosis. Methods: Age-adjusted, age-specific breast cancer incidence rates by estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status from 1992 to 1998 were obtained and compared from 11 population-based cancer registries in the United States that participate in the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Results: From 1992 to1998, the overall proportion of breast cancers that were ER-positive and PR-positive increased from 75.4% to 77.5% (P = .0002) and from 65.0% to 67.7% (P < .0001), respectively, continuing trends observed before 1992. These increases were limited to women 40 to 69 years of age. The proportions of ER-positive/PR-positive tumors increased from 56.7% to 62.3% (P = .0010) among 40- to 49-year-olds, from 58.0% to 63.2% (P = .0002) among 50- to 59-year-olds, and from 63.2% to 67.9% (P = .0020) among 60- to 69-year-olds. Conclusion: From 1992 to 1998, the proportion of tumors that are hormone receptor–positive rose as the proportion of hormone receptor–negative tumors declined. Because the incidence rates of hormone receptor–negative tumors remained fairly constant over these years, the overall rise in breast cancer incidence rates in the United States seems to be primarily a result of the increase in the incidence of hormone receptor–positive tumors. Hormonal factors may account for this trend.

scholarly journals Increase in Distant Stage Breast Cancer Incidence Rates in US Women Aged 25–49 Years, 2000–2011: The Stage Migration Hypothesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Polednak
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Stage Migration ◽  
Relative Survival Rate ◽  
Regional Stage ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
Using Data

Background.Unexplained increases have been reported in incidence rates for breast cancer diagnosed at distant stage in younger U.S. women, using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program.Methods.This report focused on recent SEER trends (2000–2011) in age-standardized incidence rates of invasive breast cancer at ages 25–39 and 40–49 years and the hypothesis that stage migration may have resulted from advances in detecting distant metastases at diagnosis.Results.Increases in the rates for distant stage were roughly equal to decreases in the rates for the most advanced stage subgroups within regional stage; this was evident for estrogen receptor (ER) negative cancers, associated with poorer prognosis, but not for ER positive cancers. The 3-year relative survival rate increased over time for distant stage (especially in the ER positive subgroup) and regional stage but not for localized stage; these trends do not contradict the stage-migration hypothesis.Conclusions.Findings provide some support for stage migration as one explanation for the recent increase in incidence of distant stage breast cancer, but additional studies are needed using other databases.

Stage migration in breast cancer: Better detection or semantics in staging?

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18800-e18800
Author(s):  
Leah Elson ◽  
Nadeem Bilani ◽  
Hong Liang ◽  
Elizabeth Blessing Elimimian ◽  
Diana Saravia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Stage Migration ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Best Fit

e18800 Background: As oncology treatment has evolved to become more individualized, prognostic rationale has also undergone important changes. In breast cancer, disease staging was historically based upon anatomic features of the primary tumor, in combination with involvement of adjacent/distant tissues. However, as the understanding of molecular/genomic involvement became more advanced, staging definitions were redefined to incorporate receptors, histologic grade, and genetic expression. In this analysis, we use autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting to understand how AJCC updates to prognostic definitions have contributed to stage migration, and to comment on whether better detection, or definitional changes, may be responsible for the increasing incidence in early stage breast cancer. Methods: In this time series forecast, ARIMA models, per stage (early: stage I/II vs. late: stage III/IV) were constructed based on 2004-2016 historic breast cancer incidence rates, as reported by the NCDB. Multiple models were generated, using differing autoregressive parameters; the most predictive model was chosen using the lowest Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) to ensure best fit. Similar methodology has already been published to predict prostate cancer incidence. The best fit models were applied to forecast annual incidence, in the NCDB, in 2017. These data were compared to the real-world data captured in 2017. Statistics were performed using modeling systems in SPSS, version 27. Results: n=1,661,971 cases were included for these models, and 12 years of pre-AJCC updated NCDB breast cancer data were used. Using ARIMA modeling, best fit, stationary averages were identified, with autoregressive and difference terms which contributed to the lowest BIC, and MAPE < 5%, for both models. The best fit models forecasted 2017 incidence, by stage, without AJCC updates to staging criteria, and this data is compared to actual 2017 incidence with current updated AJCC 8th staging criteria (Table). Conclusions: During 2017, the first year of AJCC staging updates, there was an observed decrease in late stage diagnoses, and increase in early stage diagnoses, when compared with incidence rates that were forecasted using the old, anatomic AJCC criteria. Therefore, part of the stage migration noted may be a product of staging semantics, using updated definitions. Confirming appropriate improvement in long-term outcomes, based on new staging would be helpful. It is also important for clinicians and public health officials to bear this in-mind when interpreting epidemiologic data, for allocating resources, as shifts in staging may be a product of guideline changes, and not necessarily screening efficacy or early detection only.[Table: see text]

scholarly journals Age-Related Crossover in Breast Cancer Incidence Rates Between Black and White Ethnic Groups

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (24) ◽  
pp. 1804-1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Anderson ◽  
Philip S. Rosenberg ◽  
Idan Menashe ◽  
Aya Mitani ◽  
Ruth M. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Age Related ◽  
White Ethnic ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates
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