scholarly journals Effects of N-Acetylcysteine and N-Acetylcysteine Amide on Erythrocyte Deformability and Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of Lower Extremity Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gokhan Erol ◽  
Hakan Kartal ◽  
Faruk M. Comu ◽  
Erdem Cetin ◽  
Ertan Demirdas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Erythrocyte Deformability ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Index ◽  
Lower Extremity Ischemia ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Extremity Ischemia

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant which works as a free radical scavenger and antiapoptotic agent. N-acetylcysteine-amide (NACA) is a modified form of NAC containing an amide group instead of a carboxyl group of NAC. Our study aims to investigate the effectiveness of these two substances on erythrocyte deformability and oxidative stress in muscle tissue. Materials and Methods. A total of 24 Wistar albino rats were used in our study. The animals were randomly divided into five groups as control (n: 6), ischemia (n: 6), NAC (n: 6), and NACA (n: 6). In the ischemia, NAC, and NACA groups, 120 min of ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion were achieved by placing nontraumatic vascular clamps across the abdominal aorta. The NAC and NACA groups were administered an injection 30 min before ischemia (100 mg/kg NAC; 100 mg/kg NACA; intravenous). Blood samples were taken from the animals at the end of the ischemic period. The lower extremity gastrocnemius muscle was isolated and stored at −80 degrees to assess the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) values and was analyzed. Results. The erythrocyte deformability index was found to be statistically significantly lower in rats treated with NAC and NACA before ischemia-reperfusion compared to the groups that received only ischemia-reperfusion. In addition, no statistically significant difference was found between the control group and the NAC and NACA groups. The groups receiving NAC and NACA before ischemia exhibited higher total antioxidative status and lower total oxidative status while the oxidative stress index was also lower. Conclusion. The results of our study demonstrated the protective effects of NAC and NACA on erythrocyte deformability and oxidative damage in skeletal muscle in lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion. NAC and NACA exhibited similar protective effects on oxidative damage and erythrocyte deformability.

scholarly journals Melatonin attenuates ovarian ischemia reperfusion injury in rats by decreasing oxidative stress index and peroxynitrite

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1513-1522
Author(s):  
Şenol KALYONCU ◽  
Bülent YILMAZ ◽  
Mustafa DEMİR ◽  
Meltem TUNCER ◽  
Zehra BOZDAĞ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Oxidative Stress Index ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background/aim: To evaluate the protective effect of melatonin on ovarian ischemia reperfusion injury in a rat model. Materials and methods: Forty-eight rats were separated equally into 6 groups. Group 1: sham; Group 2: surgical control with 3-h bilateral ovarian torsion and detorsion; Group 3: intraperitoneal 5% ethanol (1 mL) just after detorsion (as melatonin was dissolved in ethanol); Group 4: 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin 30 min before 3-h torsion; Group 5:10 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin just after detorsion; Group 6:10 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin 30 min before torsion and just after detorsion. Both ovaries and blood samples were obtained 7 days after detorsion for histopathological and biochemical analysis.Results: In Group 1, serum levels of total oxidant status (TOS) (μmol H2O2 equivalent/g wet tissue)were significantly lower than in Group2 (P = 0.0023), while tissue TOS levels were lower than in Group 3 (P = 0.0030). Similarly, serum and tissue levels of peroxynitrite in Group 6were significantly lower than those ofGroup 2 (P = 0.0023 and P = 0.040, respectively). Moreover, serum oxidative stress index (OSI) (arbitrary unit) levels were significantly increased in Group 2 when compared to groups 1 and 6 (P = 0.0023 and P= 0.0016, respectively) and in Group 3 with respect to groups 1, 4, 5, and 6 (P = 0.0023, P = 0.0026, P = 0.0008, and P = 0.0011, respectively). Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in histopathological scores including follicular degeneration, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, and inflammation in the melatonin and sham groups in comparison with control groups. Additionally, primordial follicle count was significantly higher in Group 6 than in Group 2 (P = 0.0002).Conclusion: Melatonin attenuates ischemia reperfusion damage in a rat torsion/detorsion model by improving histopathological and biochemical findings including OSI and peroxynitrite.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CIMETIDINE ON NITRO-OXIDATIVE STRESS IN A RAT MODEL OF PERIODONTITIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Culic ◽  
Alina Elena Parvu ◽  
Sandu Florin Alb ◽  
Camelia Alb ◽  
Angela Pop
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Oxidative Stress Index ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Total Oxidative Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background and aims. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation that involves nitro-oxidative stress with damaging periodontal structural effects. We aimed to evaluate the consequences of low-dose cimetidine on nitro-oxidative stress in periodontitis. Methods. A rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis was used. After two weeks, the periodontitis groups were treated with cimetidine, aminoguanidine, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and trolox for one week. On day 21, blood was drawn and the serum analyzed for measurement of total nitrites and nitrates, total oxidative status, total antioxidant response, and oxidative stress index. Results. Cimetidine had an inhibitory effect on the synthesis of nitric oxide (p=0.001), total oxidative status (p=0.01) and oxidative stress index (p=0.01). Total antioxidant reactivity was increased by cimetidine (p=0.01). The effects of cimetidine were almost like those of aminoguanidine, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, and trolox. Conclusions. Low-dose cimetidine can be used as adjunctive host modulatory therapy in chronic periodontitis because it reduces nitro-oxidative stress.

Which Distant Organ is Most Affected by Lower Extremity Ischemia-Reperfusion?

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 271-281
Author(s):  
Orhan Gokalp ◽  
Bortecin Eygi ◽  
Gamze Gokalp ◽  
Muge Kiray ◽  
Yuksel Besir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Distant Organ ◽  
Lower Extremity Ischemia ◽  
Extremity Ischemia
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