scholarly journals Truthful Mechanism Design for Multiregion Mobile Crowdsensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yu Qiao ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Hao Cheng ◽  
Zilan Huang ◽  
Qiangqiang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Incentive Mechanisms ◽  
New Challenges

In the age of the development of artificial intelligence, we face the challenge on how to obtain high-quality data set for learning systems effectively and efficiently. Crowdsensing is a new powerful tool which will divide tasks between the data contributors to achieve an outcome cumulatively. However, it arouses several new challenges, such as incentivization. Incentive mechanisms are significant to the crowdsensing applications, since a good incentive mechanism will attract more workers to participate. However, existing mechanisms failed to consider situations where the crowdsourcer has to hire capacitated workers or workers from multiregions. We design two objectives for the proposed multiregion scenario, namely, weighted mean and maximin. The proposed mechanisms maximize the utility of services provided by a selected data contributor under both constraints approximately. Also, extensive simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of our proposed methods.

scholarly journals Oscillations in the Sun with SONG: Setting the scale for asteroseismic investigations

2019 ◽  
Vol 623 ◽  
pp. L9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fredslund Andersen ◽  
P. Pallé ◽  
J. Jessen-Hansen ◽  
K. Wang ◽  
F. Grundahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Scaling Relations ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Average Amplitude ◽  
Echelle Spectrograph ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
High Cadence

Context. We present the first high-cadence multiwavelength radial-velocity observations of the Sun-as-a-star, carried out during 57 consecutive days using the stellar échelle spectrograph at the Hertzsprung SONG Telescope operating at the Teide Observatory. Aims. Our aim was to produce a high-quality data set and reference values for the global helioseismic parameters νmax, ⊙ and Δν⊙ of the solar p-modes using the SONG instrument. The obtained data set or the inferred values should then be used when the scaling relations are applied to other stars showing solar-like oscillations observed with SONG or similar instruments. Methods. We used different approaches to analyse the power spectrum of the time series to determine νmax, ⊙: simple Gaussian fitting and heavy smoothing of the power spectrum. We determined Δν⊙ using the method of autocorrelation of the power spectrum. The amplitude per radial mode was determined using the method described in Kjeldsen et al. (2008, ApJ, 682, 1370). Results. We found the following values for the solar oscillations using the SONG spectrograph: νmax, ⊙ = 3141 ± 12 μHz, Δν⊙ = 134.98 ± 0.04 μHz, and an average amplitude of the strongest radial modes of 16.6 ± 0.4 cm s−1. These values are consistent with previous measurements with other techniques.

scholarly journals The Use of Quantitative Digital Pathology to Measure Proteoglycan and Glycosaminoglycan Expression and Accumulation in Healthy and Diseased Tissues

2020 ◽  
pp. 002215542095914
Author(s):  
A. Sally Davis ◽  
Mary Y. Chang ◽  
Jourdan E. Brune ◽  
Teal S. Hallstrand ◽  
Brian Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Digital Pathology ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Hidden Patterns

Advances in reagents, methodologies, analytic platforms, and tools have resulted in a dramatic transformation of the research pathology laboratory. These advances have increased our ability to efficiently generate substantial volumes of data on the expression and accumulation of mRNA, proteins, carbohydrates, signaling pathways, cells, and structures in healthy and diseased tissues that are objective, quantitative, reproducible, and suitable for statistical analysis. The goal of this review is to identify and present how to acquire the critical information required to measure changes in tissues. Included is a brief overview of two morphometric techniques, image analysis and stereology, and the use of artificial intelligence to classify cells and identify hidden patterns and relationships in digital images. In addition, we explore the importance of preanalytical factors in generating high-quality data. This review focuses on techniques we have used to measure proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, and immune cells in tissues using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization to demonstrate the various morphometric techniques. When performed correctly, quantitative digital pathology is a powerful tool that provides unbiased quantitative data that are difficult to obtain with other methods.

scholarly journals A Systematic Framework for Analyzing Observation Data in Patient-Centered Registries: Case Study for Patients With Depression (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Zolnoori ◽  
Mark D Williams ◽  
William B Leasure ◽  
Kurt B Angstman ◽  
Che Ngufor
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Quality Issues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Systematic Framework

BACKGROUND Patient-centered registries are essential in population-based clinical care for patient identification and monitoring of outcomes. Although registry data may be used in real time for patient care, the same data may further be used for secondary analysis to assess disease burden, evaluation of disease management and health care services, and research. The design of a registry has major implications for the ability to effectively use these clinical data in research. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a systematic framework to address the data and methodological issues involved in analyzing data in clinically designed patient-centered registries. METHODS The systematic framework was composed of 3 major components: visualizing the multifaceted and heterogeneous patient-centered registries using a data flow diagram, assessing and managing data quality issues, and identifying patient cohorts for addressing specific research questions. RESULTS Using a clinical registry designed as a part of a collaborative care program for adults with depression at Mayo Clinic, we were able to demonstrate the impact of the proposed framework on data integrity. By following the data cleaning and refining procedures of the framework, we were able to generate high-quality data that were available for research questions about the coordination and management of depression in a primary care setting. We describe the steps involved in converting clinically collected data into a viable research data set using registry cohorts of depressed adults to assess the impact on high-cost service use. CONCLUSIONS The systematic framework discussed in this study sheds light on the existing inconsistency and data quality issues in patient-centered registries. This study provided a step-by-step procedure for addressing these challenges and for generating high-quality data for both quality improvement and research that may enhance care and outcomes for patients. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/18366

scholarly journals A Systematic Framework for Analyzing Observation Data in Patient-Centered Registries: Case Study for Patients With Depression

10.2196/18366 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e18366
Author(s):  
Maryam Zolnoori ◽  
Mark D Williams ◽  
William B Leasure ◽  
Kurt B Angstman ◽  
Che Ngufor
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Quality Issues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Systematic Framework

Background Patient-centered registries are essential in population-based clinical care for patient identification and monitoring of outcomes. Although registry data may be used in real time for patient care, the same data may further be used for secondary analysis to assess disease burden, evaluation of disease management and health care services, and research. The design of a registry has major implications for the ability to effectively use these clinical data in research. Objective This study aims to develop a systematic framework to address the data and methodological issues involved in analyzing data in clinically designed patient-centered registries. Methods The systematic framework was composed of 3 major components: visualizing the multifaceted and heterogeneous patient-centered registries using a data flow diagram, assessing and managing data quality issues, and identifying patient cohorts for addressing specific research questions. Results Using a clinical registry designed as a part of a collaborative care program for adults with depression at Mayo Clinic, we were able to demonstrate the impact of the proposed framework on data integrity. By following the data cleaning and refining procedures of the framework, we were able to generate high-quality data that were available for research questions about the coordination and management of depression in a primary care setting. We describe the steps involved in converting clinically collected data into a viable research data set using registry cohorts of depressed adults to assess the impact on high-cost service use. Conclusions The systematic framework discussed in this study sheds light on the existing inconsistency and data quality issues in patient-centered registries. This study provided a step-by-step procedure for addressing these challenges and for generating high-quality data for both quality improvement and research that may enhance care and outcomes for patients. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/18366

String Kernels and High-Quality Data Set for Improved Prediction of Kinked Helices in α-Helical Membrane Proteins

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 3017-3025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benny Kneissl ◽  
Sabine C. Mueller ◽  
Christofer S. Tautermann ◽  
Andreas Hildebrandt
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
String Kernels

Collecting High-Quality Data

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Kay Gugerty ◽  
Dean Karlan
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Demand Effect

Without high-quality data, even the best-designed monitoring and evaluation systems will collapse. Chapter 7 introduces some the basics of collecting high-quality data and discusses how to address challenges that frequently arise. High-quality data must be clearly defined and have an indicator that validly and reliably measures the intended concept. The chapter then explains how to avoid common biases and measurement errors like anchoring, social desirability bias, the experimenter demand effect, unclear wording, long recall periods, and translation context. It then guides organizations on how to find indicators, test data collection instruments, manage surveys, and train staff appropriately for data collection and entry.

Developmental Impacts of Remittances on Migrant-Sending Households: Micro-Level Evidence from Punjab, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-366
Author(s):  
Kashif Imran ◽  
Evelyn S. Devadason ◽  
Cheong Kee Cheok
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Government

This article analyzes the overall and type of developmental impacts of remittances for migrant-sending households (HHs) in districts of Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, an HH-based human development index is constructed based on the dimensions of education, health and housing, with a view to enrich insights into interactions between remittances and HH development. Using high-quality data from a HH micro-survey for Punjab, the study finds that most migrant-sending HHs are better off than the HHs without this stream of income. More importantly, migrant HHs have significantly higher development in terms of housing in most districts of Punjab relative to non-migrant HHs. Thus, the government would need policy interventions focusing on housing to address inequalities in human development at the district-HH level, and subsequently balance its current focus on the provision of education and health.

Capturing sexual assault data: An information system designed by forensic clinicians and healthcare researchers

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Aqif Mukhtar ◽  
Debbie A Smith ◽  
Maureen A Phillips ◽  
Maire C Kelly ◽  
Renate R Zilkens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Data Management ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Management System ◽  
Data Management System ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data

Background: The Sexual Assault Resource Center (SARC) in Perth, Western Australia provides free 24-hour medical, forensic, and counseling services to persons aged over 13 years following sexual assault. Objective: The aim of this research was to design a data management system that maintains accurate quality information on all sexual assault cases referred to SARC, facilitating audit and peer-reviewed research. Methods: The work to develop SARC Medical Services Clinical Information System (SARC-MSCIS) took place during 2007–2009 as a collaboration between SARC and Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia. Patient demographics, assault details, including injury documentation, and counseling sessions were identified as core data sections. A user authentication system was set up for data security. Data quality checks were incorporated to ensure high-quality data. Results: An SARC-MSCIS was developed containing three core data sections having 427 data elements to capture patient’s data. Development of the SARC-MSCIS has resulted in comprehensive capacity to support sexual assault research. Four additional projects are underway to explore both the public health and criminal justice considerations in responding to sexual violence. The data showed that 1,933 sexual assault episodes had occurred among 1881 patients between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2015. Sexual assault patients knew the assailant as a friend, carer, acquaintance, relative, partner, or ex-partner in 70% of cases, with 16% assailants being a stranger to the patient. Conclusion: This project has resulted in the development of a high-quality data management system to maintain information for medical and forensic services offered by SARC. This system has also proven to be a reliable resource enabling research in the area of sexual violence.

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