scholarly journals An Enhanced Percolation Method for Automatic Detection of Cracks in Concrete Bridges

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Qingfei Gao ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Kejian Sheng ◽  
Chenguang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Experiment ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Boundary Effects ◽  
Shape Factors ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
Conventional Methods

As cracks on concrete bridges become severer and more frequent, methods of detecting cracks on concrete bridges have aroused great concern. Conventional methods, e.g., manual detection and equipment-aided detection, suffer from subjectivity and inefficiency, which increases demands for an accurate and efficient method to detect bridge cracks. To this end, we modify the existing percolation method and propose an enhanced percolation method, which detects cracks of concrete bridges automatically. The modification includes three improvements, which are (1) employing photo expansion to eliminate boundary effects, (2) varying shape factors to increase the accuracy of percolating unclear cracks, and (3) decreasing the number of neighbouring pixels to form candidate sets. Combined with the above three improvements, three versions of enhanced percolation methods utilizing three different shape factors are put forward. The numerical experiment on detecting cracks in 200 images of the bridge surface demonstrates the outperformance of the enhanced percolation method in precision, recall, F-1 score, and time compared with traditional detecting methods. The proposed method can be generalized on the application of detecting other types of bridge diseases, which is an advantage for designing, maintaining, and restoring infrastructures.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE TRANSECT AREA - METER METHOD OF MEASURING MAP AREAS

1964 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Aldred
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Method ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

Planimetering of map areas was studied to find a more efficient method in terms of speed and accuracy, than those currently in use. A transect method was developed using a simple map measurer which was adapted to scan the transects, to mark area covered, and to store accumulated lengths of transects scanned. The modified version of the instrument, called a transect area meter was tested against the dot grid and the polar planimeter used as standards of speed and accuracy respectively and found to be both faster and more accurate than conventional methods.

scholarly journals An Efficient Method for Choosing Digital Cluster Size in Ultralow Latency Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Alexander Paramonov ◽  
Mashael Khayyat ◽  
Natalia Chistova ◽  
Ammar Muthanna ◽  
Ibrahim A. Elgendy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Numerical Experiment ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Cluster Size ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Linear Dimension ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Communication Line ◽  
Dimension Estimation ◽  
The Road

The paper proposes a solution to the problem of choosing the size of a cluster in an ultralow latency network. This work is aimed at designing a method for choosing the size of the digital cluster in an ultralow latency network taking into account the lengths of connecting lines. If the linear dimension calculation is based only on the latency requirements without specifics of building the communication line, it negatively affects timing characteristics. This paper shows the method taking into account the communication line features and basing on the fractal dimension estimation of the road network. The proposed method could be used in planning and designing networks with ultralow latencies. Finally, a numerical experiment was carried out, based on the data of electronic maps, which showed that the assessment of the fractal dimension of roads in the network’s service area makes it possible to increase the accuracy of the size of the formed cluster. Moreover, the proposed method can allow you to reduce the error in estimating the length of connecting lines, which without using it can be on average about 30%.

An Efficient Method for Recovering the Optimal Unbiased Linear Spectrum-Estimate from Hadamard Transform Spectrometers Having Nonideal Masks

1989 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 746-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Johnson ◽  
J. B. Park ◽  
S. A. Dyer ◽  
B. K. Harms ◽  
R. A. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Hadamard Transform ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Arithmetic Operations ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Linear Spectrum ◽  
Recovery Techniques ◽  
Spectrum Recovery ◽  
Conventional Methods

A spectrum-recovery method is presented which efficiently computes an optimal unbiased linear spectrum-estimate for measurements obtained with Hadamard transform (HT) spectrometers having nonideal masks. This method has the following advantages over other spectrum-recovery techniques: it is computationally efficient, it requires no additional measurements, and it computes an optimal spectrum-estimate. In the method presented, after the mask of the HT spectrometer has been characterized, approximately 3 N preliminary arithmetic operations are performed once for a given spectrometer, where N is both the number of spectral resolution-elements desired and the number of measurements required. Each spectrum-estimate to be recovered then requires only an additional O[ N(log2 N + 4)] arithmetic operations. In contrast, conventional methods for obtaining an optimal unbiased linear spectrum-estimate require O( N3) preliminary operations, and O(2 N2) operations during each spectrum-recovery.

A Novel Approach Automatic Detection of Suspicious Behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 2838-2841
Author(s):  
Shao Ping Zhu ◽  
Yu Hua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Real World ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Cluster A

We propose an efficient method for automatic detection of suspicious behavior in video surveillance data. First of all, we cluster a set of sequences labeled as normal or suspicious. Then, we assign new observation sequences to behavior clusters. We label a sequence as suspicious if it maps to an existing model of suspicious behavior or does not map to any existing model according to the corresponding HMMs. We evaluate our proposed method on a real-world video surveillance and find that the method is very effective at detecting suspicious behavior.

Staining of paraffin-embedded plant material in safranin and fast green without prior removal of the paraffin

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 996-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilun Ma ◽  
V.K. Sawhney ◽  
T.A. Steeves
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Fast Green ◽  
Substantial Saving ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Better Than

A rapid and efficient method for staining sections of paraffin-embedded plant tissues in safranin and fast green without prior removal of the paraffin is described. The quality of the resulting preparations is equal to, or better than, that obtained by conventional methods. This method results in substantial saving of time and expense. Key words: staining technique, paraffin, safranin, fast green.

Spin-polarized Scanning Electron Microscopy

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 768-769
Author(s):  
Kazuyuki Koike ◽  
Hideo Matsuyama
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Magnetic Thin Films ◽  
Electron Spin Polarization ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Magnetization Direction ◽  
Spin Polarized ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Scanning Electron

Spin-polarized scanning electron microscopy (spin SEM), where the secondary electron spin polarization is used as the image signal, is a novel technique for magnetic domain observation. Since its first development by Koike and Hayakawa in 1984, several laboratories have extensively studied this technique and have greatly improved its capability for data extraction and its range of applications. This paper reviews the progress over the last few years.Almost all the high expectations initially held for spin SEM have been realized. A spatial resolution of several hundreds angstroms has been attained, which is nearly one order of magnitude higher than that of conventional methods for thick samples. Quantitative analysis of magnetization direction has been performed more easily than with conventional methods. Domain observation of the surface of three-dimensional samples has been confirmed to be possible. One of the drawbacks, a long image acquisition time, has been eased by combining highspeed image-signal processing with high speed scanning, although at the cost of image quality. By using spin SEM, the magnetic structure of a 180 degrees surface Neel wall, magnetic thin films, multilayered films, magnetic discs, etc., have been investigated.

The Need Inventory of Sensation Seeking (NISS)

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Roth ◽  
Philipp Hammelstein
Keyword(s):  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
New Research ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Temperamental Trait ◽  
Nonclinical Study

Based on the conception of sensation seeking as a need rather than a temperamental trait ( Hammelstein, 2004 ), we present a new assessment method, the Need Inventory of Sensation Seeking (NISS), which is considered to assess a motivational disposition. Three studies are presented: The first examined the factorial structure and the reliability of the German versions of the NISS; the second study compared the German and the English versions of the NISS; and finally, the validity of the NISS was examined in a nonclinical study and compared to the validity of conventional methods of assessing sensation seeking (Sensation Seeking Scale – Form V; SSS-V). Compared to the SSS-V, the NISS shows better reliability and validity in addition to providing new research possibilities including application in experimental areas.

The automatic detection of unattended social category information from unfamiliar faces

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Martin ◽  
Rachel Swainson ◽  
Gillian Slessor ◽  
Jacqui Hutchison ◽  
Diana Marosi
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Social Category ◽  
Category Information ◽  
Unfamiliar Faces
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